...Climate change becomes a universal issue in recent years, with the negative influence occurring in the third world. There are lots of negative effects on most urban areas city on coast and riverbanks are vulnerable to climate change effects such as a increase in sea level (Nichcolls, cited in Hunt and Watkiss 2004, p.17). Climate change refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity (Parry M.L et al. 2007, p.13). The world’s urban population will rapid increase in the next few year, so the negative effects caused by climate change in cities should be solved necessarily. This essay outlines the major negative impacts by climate change, and evaluates three possible solving measures in many developing countries. The essay argues that three effective solutions are able to solve the problems of climate change in developing countries. Climate change negatively affects the urban in developing countries. The first environmental effect of climate change is a rising sea level. Rosenzweig et al. (2010, p.910) survey that city should obviously contributed to 71% of global energy-related greenhouse-gas. Most chief cities in developing country are located in low altitudes or near the seaside, which are brought calamities by the climate change. As the world warming, the threat from the ocean level increase poses alarming for cities. A rising in sea level has the direct influences on urban areas such as beach erosion and soil...
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...Panel Climate Change B. Contributing factors 1. Green house gases -Environmental Protection Agency 2. Particulates 3. Human activity C. Effects 1. Natural Environment 2. Ecosystems 3. Social/Human systems III. Opposing Viewpoints A. Natural factors 1. Climate change 2. Deforestation 3. Natural Disasters B. Impacts 1. Human activity 2. Beneficial effect C. Media IV. Conclusion V. References Global Warming Global Warming is a universal concern that has gained worldwide attention. As members of Congress, we have heard and learned new and different facts about the process of Earth. Some causes and effects of global warming are easy to understand, with substantial evidence, yet there are still unanswered questions and reasoning as to why global warming is occurring. This essay is to outline the background of global warming and to display opposing viewpoints. Since there is not enough evidential research to connect global warming with natural factors, human activity, and its impacts, we might take advantage of its beneficial gain to our environment, economic, and social system. The facts and fictions of global warming will convince members of Congress that there are opposing viewpoints to global warming and its effects. According to the Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change, global warming is the increase of Earth’s average temperature. “The Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for the assessment of climate change...
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...Although the Canadian government has a plan for the future effects of climate change many other sources have discussed how Canada is not ready for what is to come. Research has uncovered that while canada is doing lots of things to help prevent climate change they aren’t doing a lot to prepare for the negative effects of climate change that they are too late to prevent. So far the Canadian government has done many things to help avoid the negative effects of climate change. They have joined in on the paris agreement ( working on renewable energy and reducing canada's eco-footprint). The government also banned dumping grey water into the arctic ocean to help conserve the marine animals habitat. As well a big thing that the canadian government did very recently along with the united states was put a ban to oil drilling in the arctic. To prepare for many arctic animals...
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...OUTLINE Subject: The Effects of Global Warming; the problems of water in the world 1. Introduction 1) Hook: industrial development 2) General Idea: industrial development has caused serious damages to the environment. 3) Thesis statement: Global warming causes negative environmental problems, particularly various problems of water in our lives. 2. Body Paragraph 1) Global warming (1) The reasons of global warming phenomenon (2) The effects of global warming phenomenon 2) The problems of water by global warming (1) Sea levels rise (2) Water shortages (3) Flood from heavy rains 3. Conclusion 1) The efforts of each countries and organizations Abstract In the twentieth century, using fossil fuel, industrial development has caused serious damages to the environment. This is one of the main factors in the formation of global warming that is closely linked to human activity, and it is caused by the greenhouse effect. Global warming has caused many negative effects to natural environment, especially problems of global water. In other words, the first serious problem of global warming is the rising sea levels, secondly negative problem is water shortages and last one is flooding from heavy rains. Each problem is made by climate changes and global warming by increasing surface temperature. For instance, melting Antarctic and Arctic glaciers have affected sea level rise, and decreasing rainfall and rising temperature have influenced water shortages and...
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...Warming and Climate Change I. According to data from NASA, the overall temperature in the earth’s atmosphere has been increasing since 1880. Most of this warming, however, has occurred since 1970, with the 20 warmest years having occurred since 1981 and with all 10 of the warmest years occurring in the past 12 years. This phenomena, known as global warming or climate change, is caused by the greenhouse effect. Gases such as carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and other pollutants let in light, but keep heat from escaping, similar to the glass walls of a greenhouse. This is problematic because it is changing the climate faster than some livings can adapt and a new and unpredictable climate poses unique challenges to all life. Global Warming is a major issue that has effects on the environment, people, and the world, and if not stopped soon, the results will be disastrous. II. Scientific evidence for global climate change A. Temperature of earth’s atmosphere rising since 1880 1. Supports the greenhouse effect theory, since humans have been releasing more heat trapping emissions with every passing year B. Warming of earth’s oceans 1. Oceans have absorbed much of the increased heat, causing them to become warmer C. Rapid rise in sea level 1. Sea level has risen double in last decade what is has in last century III. Causes of global climate change A. Increased emission of greenhouse gases 1. Main cause is the human expansion of the greenhouse effect 2. As a result...
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...Cause-effect relationships: climate change, ozone layer depletion, ultra violet radiation and biodiversity changes Ultraviolet radiation and ozone layer In recent years, along with the general deterioration of the environmental situation, climate change, pollution of the atmosphere and the aquatic environment, a problem has arisen associating with the effects on the human health of excessive ultraviolet irradiation. The global process of degradation of the Earth's ozone layer, one of the manifestations of which is the formation of "ozone holes", led to the disruption of the usual mode of natural UV radiation. The sun is the main source of optical radiation coming to the surface of the Earth from space. In quantitative terms, ultraviolet radiation...
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...considerable concern towards life on earth for future generations. Therefore it is important to understand how climate change works, what is causing the climate to change, what effects these changes are having, and how they may continue to affect the global environment. What causes the environments on earth unable to support life? What can be done about these predictions of climates in the future? How will these climate changes affect South-West Western Australia? How does climate change work? Climate change is a natural process that has been functioning on earth for billions of years, it is the regulator of the earth's abililty to support life by the cycles of The Greenhouse Effect. The Greenhouse Effect has made the earth an environment for supporting life through the cycling of energy from the sun via short-wave radiation, which heats the earths surface, then is released into the atmopshere as long-wave radiation. This cycle is made possible by the prescence of Greenhouse gases, which redside in the earths atmopshere, and absorb most of the long-wave radiation given off by the earth, with the remainder being expelled into space. This process cycles the heat from the sun around the earths atmosphere and a climate is the result, without this circulation of energy life cannot exist. Greenhouse gasses absorb long-wave solar radiation, enabling the Greenhouse Effect. The main gasses are Water Vapour H2O (clouds), Carbon Dioxide CO2, Methane CH4 and Nitrous Oxide, with water...
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...A Meta-Analysis of the Economic Impacts of Climate Change Policy in the United States Adam Rose* and Noah Dormady** This paper provides a meta-analysis of a broad set of recent studies of the economic impacts of climate change mitigation policies. It evaluates the infiuences of the impacts of causal factors, key economic assumptions and macroeconomic linkages on the outcome of these studies. A quantité regression analysis is also performed on the meta sample, to evaluate the robustness of those key factors throughout the full range of macro findings. Results of these analyses suggest that study results are strongly driven by data inputs, economic assumptions and modeling approaches. However, they are sometimes affected in counterintuitive ways. 1. INTRODUCTION The macroeconomic impacts of climate change mitigation policies are controversial among both scholars and the policy-making community. Results range from predictions of severe economic harm to significant overall economic gains. Given the unresolved nature of this debate, this paper seeks to shed light on it by evaluating a wide range of macroeconomic studies through a metaanalytic approach. Meta-analysis is a method for evaluating a cross-section of studies on a given topic, and evaluating the impacts of assumptions, input variables and modeling approaches on the overall findings of the studies. In essence, meta-analysis is a study of studies (Borenstein et al., 2009; Lipsey and Wilson 2001). The Energy...
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...ASSIGNMENT Topic: To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement. Human activity has been a major cause climate change. People have substantially contributed to the multiple direction development of the world. They have entirely composed the world better and better. However, what human have done for their environment contributing to the destroyable life in recent decades in terms of climate change. Climate change can be defined as the long- term shift in weather conditions identified by changes in temperature, precipitation, winds, and other indicators. Climate change is caused by many factors, therefore, to some extent, human activity has subsidized to the effects of climate change on people’s life with two primary causes: industrial activities, and land use changes. Firstly, the development of industry for recent year has mainly risen the dangerous level of climate change. Constantly, the huge number of Carbon dioxide has been emitted to the atmosphere by resulting from automobiles, industry, electric power plants. Electricity is considered as the main factor causing CO2. The reliable prediction is given that manufacturing electricity in the future will cause the increase CO2 emissions from 10 billion tonnes per year to 12.5 billion tonnes per year (Climate Change – The Science. 2014) . The high Carbon dioxide rate directly effects on the changing of climate process. Human-related emissions are responsible for the increase that has occurred in the atmosphere since...
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...Summary: Al Gore: clear proof that climate change cause extreme weather by Severin Carrell is an article that shows the effect of climate change. In the firsts paragraphs, the writer introduce Al Gore which is a former US vice president and the fact that he thinks that climate change cause extreme weather all around the world. Secondly, to support his statement Gore gives us many arguments and one of them was that many scientific discover that there was a connection between carbon emission and the increase of extreme weather. Also, to support his statement he use a lot of statistic. For example, he said that scientific proved that water vapor increase by 4% in 30 years. Finally, Gore says that the young generation is another big factor because it’s a generation of demand. In other words, young children are claimer regarding technology and this is not often green. Response: In my view, climate change cause extreme weather because human activity. Since the Industrial Revolution has increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to increased radiative forcing from CO2, methane, tropospheric ozone, CFCs and nitrous oxide¹. According to work published in 2007, the concentrations of CO2 and methane have increased by 36% and 148% respectively since 1750. Also, I think the future impacts of climate change will be uneven. Many risks are expected to increase global warming. For example, low-latitude, less developed areas face the greatest risk. A study from 2015...
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...can indeed lead to negative consequences. Elie Wiesel's address on the risks of apathy emphasizes how it allows tragedies like the Holocaust to occur, emphasizing the role of dehumanization for both the victim and the perpetrator. Comparably, the essay "The Apathy Syndrome: How We Are Trained Not to Care about Politics" published in the journal Social Problems, explores the ways in which indifference undermines democratic norms and sustains structural inequalities by fostering socioeconomic inequality and political disengagement. In addition, the discourse surrounding indifference to climate change underscores its detrimental effects on ecosystems and communities, by impeding...
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... January 19, 2013 FM12103 The Effects of Mutual Relationship on Students Many students had gone through a lot of relationships. It could be friendly, romantic, mutual or any other ambiguous relationship you can name. Mutual relationship is a stage where two people have the same affectionate feelings to each other. It is like you are on the stage between friendship and courtship; more than friends, but less than lovers. A lot of students had already been on this stage so probably strange effects had happened to them. Entering on this kind of relationship will produce a lot of effects. Looking on the positive side, it will make you happy and inspired. Being with someone who always loves to make you happy, smile, or laugh is truly great. You will feel more lively, energetic, inspired, and motivated to do anything. This will help you to do all your school works, and to get high grades. But remember that not all good things last forever, sometimes bad things are bound to happen; and this is the start of the negative effects that mutual relationship had brought. When the two of you had some problems or fights, this will change your mood. You will be stressed out, and by being stressed this affects your studies. You won’t be likely to concentrate and focus well on your studies and that will results on having low grades. But the most negative effect of this relationship you may experience is that you’ll be hurt later on, not physically...
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...Global Warming in the Arctic Myles Ross November 15th, 2013 Throughout the past 100 years, climate change has been a very noticeable issue worldwide. The speed of temperature excursion has been the highest it’s been since the Stone Age (Module 7). Climate Change can be considered caused through greenhouse gases, water vapor, albedo and solar radiation (Model 7). Combined, these factors cause radioactive forcing, which highly contributes to the Earth’s energy balance (Module 7). The change in Earths energy balance has had a large influence on the increase in mean global temperature (Module 7). Now that the factors of Global warming have been discussed, overviewing the causes of the issue will be beneficial to determine possible solutions for the changing climate. Scientists have determined human activity as being a significant cause of global climate change. According to Module 7, humans are responsible for 93% of the total change in climate. The source of human causation can be through an impacted on the greenhouse gas effect and land-type conversions (Module 7). As the world becomes continually warmer, the effect of climate change in the arctic regions becomes more intense. Within the past 50 years, arctic regions in Canada have experienced warming of 2 to 3 degrees Celsius (Fergal & Prowse, 2007). One of the most important areas in the Canadian arctic is the Cryosphere (Appendix A), which is the area consisting of season snow cover, permafrost glaciers, and...
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...Outline for Climate Change Introduction: Why does climate change matter? Biochemically speaking, why is temperature so important? Temperature is critical to biochemical reactions, because it determines the effectiveness of the enzymes controlling the reactions. What is an ectotherm? ectotherms, organisms whose body temperature depends on the surrounding environment. What is the connection between performance and temperature in ectotherms? For these organisms, how fast they grow,1 how quickly they move,2,3 and almost everything else about their behavior and functioning is affected by external temperatures. What is the Goldilocks principle? And to what can it be applied when it comes to temperature? Goldilocks principle when the temperature is just right, enzyme activity is maximized. It is the optimum temperature, where an enzyme or things work at its best. Can be applied to enzymes, performance, population growth rates. How does temperature relate to species richness? As temperature increases the species richness (the number of species in a given area) increases So, what’s the big deal? many biological processes exhibit the same basic hump-shaped relationship with temperature, in which temperatures that are too low or too high impair or sometimes even terminate critical biological processes.1This is why climate change is the focus of so much scientific research. Part 1: Detecting climate change What is the difference between weather and climate? How is this...
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... Martin Elliot-White/Chris Phelan Word Count:1830 Mitigation refers to the reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases (Unep.org, 2015), which effect the environment, this can be achieved in several ways, such as reducing waste left after festivals or using renewable energy. These aspects will be discussed in more detail during this assignment, as well as how tourism and event managers use Limits of Acceptable Change methodology when assessing environmental impacts and how to mitigate them. Venues and facilities, such as festival destinations or stages used at the festival, within events and tourism are making efforts to mitigate environmental impacts, for example the venue should use data which has been collected and analysed to identify and evaluate appropriate measures to mitigate environmental impacts and include them when development planning (Department of Regional Development and Environment, Executive Secretariat for Economic and Social Affairs, Organization of American States, 1991). With the use of a case study, this assignment will examine the extent of which venues and facilities are mitigating environmental impacts and what more could be done to mitigate these impacts further. Limits of Acceptable Change (LAC) is a methodology which can be implemented by tourism and event managers. LAC is a decision process that addresses unacceptable impacts to facilities and visitor experiences in protected areas, the...
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