...Freud, Neo-Freudians, and Post Freudians: A Comparison PSY5102- History & Systems of Psychology Sigmund Freud Free Association | When a patient is prompted to say whatever comes to mind | Sex determined neurosis | Freud reported that most of his female patients reported sexual abuse in their past. He also believed neurotic people did not have a normal sex life; therefore they went hand in hand. | Dream analysis | Dreams represent repressed desires | Oedipus complex | “This fear of the fatherand sexual attraction to the mother” (Schultz & & Schultz, 2012, p. 295). | Transference | was necessary in order to effectively help a patient with neurosis | Psychosexual Stages | “The developmental stages of childhood centering on erogenous zones” (Schultz & & Schultz, 2012, p. 312). | Anna Freud- Leader of the neo-Freudian psychology The ego independent from the id | Freud believed the id, ego & superego went together. Could not have one without the other. | Ego Psychology | “became the primary American form of psychoanalysis from the 1940s to the early 1970s. One goal of the neo-Freudianswas to make psychoanalysis an accepted part of scientific psychology” (Schultz & & Schultz, 2012, p. 323). | Child Analysis | “developed an approach to psychoanalytic therapy with children that took into account their relative immaturity and the level of their verbal skills” (Schultz & & Schultz, 2012, p. 322). | Melanie Klein- Object...
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...It is safe to say that just about everyone who has studied psychology on some level has heard the name “Sigmund Freud”. He is often regarded as one of the most influential psychologists of all time. He is responsible for the development of psychoanalysis, “a form of psychotherapy, or ‘talk therapy’.” (Psychology, 11). He practiced almost 100 years ago and although some of his ideas are outdated, a lot of his findings are still relevant today. One idea of his that is widely disputed is that of the five psychosexual stages of development. Freud initially proposed the five stages of development; he used these stages to explain the development of one’s personality from birth to adulthood relating to an erogenous zone of the body. It is based on the idea that libido is an organic energy in one’s body, flowing freely throughout. The stages are oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital. Getting fixated or regressing at any point in the five stages supposedly explains certain personality traits in the future. The first stage is the oral stage, where the baby’s libido is focused on its mouth. It is experienced anywhere from birth to 18 months. In this stage, babies are often becoming aware of their own bodies, especially the mouth. In this phase of life, babies are also either breastfeeding or drinking from a bottle. When eating they are prone to swallow things that they find pleasant, and spit out things that they don’t. According to Freud, if babies are spoiled at this point, they...
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...Contrast and Comparison Horney’s concept of avoiding anxiety worked best with analyzing Hannah’s behavior. This help explains her interactions at the beginning of her relationships with the people. Psychoanalytic is much harder to grasp and to explain about Hannah’s conscious and unconscious mind without examining her. Interestingly, enough Psychoanalytic and Neo-Freudian our both working under the framework of Freud's yet the Neo-Freudian was branching away and developing their own concepts. The works of Carl Jung, Erik Erikson and Karen Horney showed how their works worked to explain more in-depth of the work of Freud's. The works are hard to understand until the concepts become adequate in the area they worked on. Above all the...
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...possibly happen. But then sometimes we dream of a love one who has passed on before us, or dream about something that could be happening in real life. It takes us to another place. How do we know that what we believe to be real life is not a dream? In the movie, The Matrix Mr. Anderson, a computer programmer/hacker also known as Neo questions if the life he lives is real, or if they are all being programmed somewhere by a machine. Neo meets Morpheus who shows him that people are under a computer program called The Matrix. Cypher has been shown this as well but tries to forget what he has seen and move on with his life. This task is not so easy. We see also in “The Allegory of the Cave” that the task to forget what you have seen, and lived for so long is a lie. Socrates presents to Glaucon a scenario of men who could only see shadows and that what they saw was their life. Just like in The Matrix, people believed that their day to day life, was all there was, and all that was happening. The men in the scenario think that it is their only reality, just as the people in The Matrix. Then one day in Plato’s excerpt, one man see’s real like just like, Neo. At first it id hard to believe. Then you start to think that, that reality is a dream. But in a way this one that saw the light is lie Chypher. In the excerpt the man could not forget what he had seen, or had been lead to believe was reality all his life. Just like Chypher wanted to forget all that he had seen, and go back to...
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...appealing than others. The Matrix is one of my favorite movies and I would like to evaluate its elements and style in relation to its subject matter. I give credit to the creators and directors of movies because I know that what they do isn’t easy. Like all movies, its script is done over and over again. The Matrix wasn’t brought out in theatres until 1999, but yet one of the first screenplays was written in1996 and later revised in 1997. The story is told from a few different points of view because the story and the plot seem to go hand in hand, as the plot changes, so does the narration, but doesn’t seem to have any specific narration from any one person. The story is first seen from the point of view of Thomas “Neo” Anderson (Keanu Reeves). Then as the movie progresses, we see a small twist when two of the character roles are reversed. Then near the end of the movie, we see another small twist when the same two characters switch roles once...
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...Now that we’ve clearly concluded that the Matrix just flat out sucks, we’ll now explore the story through the hero’s journey. Enter Thomas Anderson, better known as Neo, in his ordinary world of computer programming by day and a computer hacker by night. Despite his well paying job, he is bored as bored can be and is looking to see if there is more to this life. Neo gets the call to adventure when he gets a message from Trinity. He is told to follow the white rabbit and warns him that the matrix has him. The refusal to the call comes when Neo is being told by Morpheus to escape his work office building from the agents that after him for knowing too much about the matrix. This exact moment happens when his told to escape the building through...
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...However, Alice and Neo’s “reality” are different. Within The Matrix, Neo does not realize his surrounding environment is not real, and life on earth is just a dream, having each individual clueless because no one has yet been woken up; this is the theme of perception vs. reality. Both protagonists struggle at first with the idea of a dream, but later they go deeper to consider what is real. Alice is asleep as she wonders Wonderland, whilst Neo is asleep and plugged into a simulated world, both assuming that everything is real, but in fact it’s not. Everything feels real to Alice until her sister wakes her up “ ‘Wake up, Alice dear!’ said her sister; ‘Why, what a long sleep you’ve had!’ ‘Oh,...
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...Morpheus: “Sooner or later you’re gonna realize, just like I did…there’s a difference between knowing the path and walking the path.” The preceding is one of many quotes from the 1999 film, ‘The Matrix. ®’ The movie was ahead of its’ time, similar to the ‘Wizard of Oz ®.’ The movie is full of imagery, and metaphors, allegories, along with philosophies. To place the film in the category of being Christian is expanding the imagination. Although it uses Biblical terms such as Zion, Nebuchadnezzar, or Trinity, does not categorize it as a Messianic movie. The movie, in fact, falls more into the Gnostic category, because of its’ philosophical oratory. Gnostic, comes from the root word, Gnosis, from Plato, which states, “Gnōsis in its original Greek...
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...Starting in the Matrix Neo is just an ordinary man who’s been searching for something, but fate finally finds him one day. Someone hacks his computer and sends him a message and when he follows that message he finds answers to what hes been searching for. Neo meets Trinity the one who will lead him to Morpheus; The one he has been searching for. Morpheus is the leader of an elite few survivors who escaped the Matrix and through a series of tests and simulations he is told the truth about the Matrix. And he must choose between the cold real world or the fake one that hes known his entire life. As he learns more and more neo only becomes more powerful in the Matrix, Morpheus’s faith in him increases. So much that he sacrifices himself to save...
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...relation to the movie The Matrix. The main thing that stands out for each one of these is the question of the reality of the world in which we live. Our sense of being is called into question in each of these examples. Are our senses correct or are we simply living in a dream world that is made up? The Matrix is a computer system that has taken control of peoples everyday lives. Each individual is hooked up to this computer that generates a dream world where everyone believes that they are actually living a realistic life. In the Matrix Morpheus a leader of a group of people who have rebelled against this system come to the knowledge that they are not living real lives. In his recruitment Morpheus meets with Neo and attempts to show him the truth. Learning this Neo sees that what you can see, touch and feel are not exactly real, their senses have betrayed them. In the excerpt from Descartes he makes several statements which also question the reality in which our perceptions believe we are actually living. Descartes states that, “let us suppose, then, that we are dreaming, and that all these particulars namely, the opening of the eyes, the motion of the head, the forth putting of the hands, are merely illusions; and even that we really possess neither an entire body nor hands such as we see (Descartes’).” In the Allegory of the Cave excerpt from Plato, Socrates speaks of the prisoners...
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...appealing than others. The Matrix is one of my favorite movies and I would like to evaluate its elements and style in relation to its subject matter. I give credit to the creators and directors of movies because I know that what they do isn’t easy. Like all movies, its script is done over and over again. The Matrix wasn’t brought out in theatres until 1999, but yet one of the first screenplays was written in1996 and later revised in 1997. The story is told from a few different points of view because the story and the plot seem to go hand in hand, as the plot changes, so does the narration, but doesn’t seem to have any specific narration from any one person. The story is first seen from the point of view of Thomas “Neo” Anderson (Keanu Reeves). Then as the movie progresses, we see a small twist when two of the character roles are reversed. Then near the end of the movie, we see another small twist when the same two characters switch roles once again... ... middle of paper ... ...t 4 is first, followed by shot 1, you may think that someone is already inside the house, switching on the kettle. Thus, the order should be kept as structurally defined as possible – one shot out of place can bring down the entire piece.” iii In conclusion, a film wouldn’t be a film if all these elements were not put together properly. Films today are becoming more and more...
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...for hire known as Neo. In the simulated world, Thomas seems very bored and he doesn't care much about his job. He is always late for work and almost risks losing his job. The only thing that seems to be on his mind is his search for the truth. The answer of the question: "What is the matrix?" Ironically, when Thomas is in the unreal, simulated world, he uses mostly his real name, Thomas Anderson. Only as a hacker is he known as Neo. When he exits the matrix and enters the real world, he is known as Neo. There are more than one calls to the quest in this film. There is a minor call and a major call. The minor call would be when Neo receives a message on his computer stating: "Matrix has you follow the white rabbit". Later, when some customers Neo has worked for come to pick up hacked goods, he is invited to join them. At first, he is reluctant but when he sees a white rabbit on one of them, he decides to go. When he gets the bar where they were headed, he meets with Trinity, a woman who later becomes an ally. She warns him that "they" are watching him. She tells him that there is a man who has the answer to his search for the truth.The major call to adventure happens to Neo when he is at work in the morning. He receives a phone call that warns him that "they" are coming for him. At this point in the movie, we, the audience is not sure who "they" are but we know they are the enemies. The person who calls Neo is Morpheus, who Neo later meets. Morpheus tells Neo what to do step by...
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...throughout the movie, The Matrix. Morpheus, the leader of the resistance, explains to Neo (also known as “The One”) that the “reality” perceived by Neo is actually “a computer-generated dream world…a neural interactive simulation”, which is known as the matrix. Reality, the perception as we know it, in actual fact, is a simulated reality created by machines to subjugate the human race. Throughout the movie, those against the resistance are hooked up to a machine that brings their mind to the simulated reality. Their physical bodies are hooked up to machines in the actual reality whereas their mind is sent to this simulated reality, making it feel as real and tricking your mind to think that you are present in this...
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...Freud’s views contributed so much to psychology as we know it today. Still it continues to influence contemporary psychology. This approach really caught my attention as I could relate so much to his concepts during my voluntary work. I worked along with a pastoral counsellor working mainly with a basic style of “what you put in is what you get out.” What I mean is, is that just like Freud’s concepts that focuses on early childhood experiences and the unconscious mind, we really went deep into the past of a client to find out where all the trauma began. What better way to understand the life world of someone and why they do what they do and experience what they experience? Freud is also recognized for identifying certain psychosexual stages of life. In short the stages are described as follows: Oral Stage: During the 1st year of your life you find yourself in the Oral Stage, sucking at a mother’s breast satisfies feelings of hunger and is pleasurable. Deprivation of this stage could result in feelings of rejections, mistrust of others or problems to form intimate relationships. Anal Stage: From ages 1-3 you find yourself in the Anal Stage, this stage pays attention to the formation of the personality, learning independence and learning to express negative feelings. Phallic Stage: During ages 3-6 we find ourselves in the Phallic Stage, this stage focuses in an unconscious desire for the parent of the opposite sex, but is repressed. This is known as Oedipus complex for...
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...Q2. Why did Hans develop a phobia? (20%) * Set in 1909 * Repression, dreams, fantasy- all part of the case * Mother and child relationship-Infantile sexuality * He was attempting to negotiate Castration and Oedipal complex. * When he tried to negotiate the Oedipus complex, it led to his outbreak of phobia. * Generally, the father’s role is to take up the position of authority and oedipal prohibitor between the mother and son. However, Hans’s father was unable to do so in this case. * What is necessary is that the father must intervene in the mother child relation? – to establish the incest prohibition and establish the “promise” the ego ideal. * Father is the No and the Promise! * So Hans difficulties arise from number of sources; * The mother is overly attached to him and will not allow him to separate * The father cannot take up his position as authority and intervene effectively * The mother – does not listen to/support the father role – continues to take Hans into bed with her regardless of what the father says * At three years of age, he is at the phallic stage- pre-occupied by his widger. * Hans asks his mother if she possess a widger- she affirms Yes. Constant conflict about what he thinks/sees/is told. * Hans not only interested in widdlers but also touching his penis – infantile masturbation * Before his phobia mother threatens Hans that she will call Dr.A to cut it off at 3 ½.However he doesn’t care, no...
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