...saying that Cinco de Mayo is not, contrary to popular belief, México´s Independence Day. In fact, it is not a statutory holiday nor a big celebration in our country unless you live in Puebla and its surroundings. It is however, one of our most significant dates in the Mexican history and as a consequence the civic calendar. Children at school spend a whole day to recreate the great victory over France on May 5th 1862, better known as The Battle of Puebla (City and State in México). During our civil war (1858-1861) The Mexican treasury went almost bankrupt. President Benito Juarez issued a moratorium in which all foreign debt payments would be suspended for two years. Spain, France and Britain formed a Tripartite Alliance to invade Mexico and force it to pay. This alliance fell apart when Spain and Britain withdrew, but France, under the leadership of Napoleon III, sought the opportunity to establish a dependant empire out of Mexico. On May 5th, 1862 the French army with 6,000 soldiers attacked the 2,000 poorly equipped soldiers of the Mexican army in the City of Puebla. The outnumbered Mexican army managed to win the battle. This unlikely and temporary victory over the French army (considered “The premier army in the world”...
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...I will explain the history behind this holiday, common misconceptions, and why it is celebrated. According to History.com, Cinco De Mayo took place on May 5th 1862. It commemorates the Mexican army's victory over France at the Battle of Puebla. What was the reason behind the Battle of Puebla? Simply put, Mexico had trouble paying back war debts to European countries, and France had come to collect on this debt. To understand the significance of this victory, consider at the time of this battle, the French army was considered the premier army of the world. 6500 well armed French Troops went head to head against 4700 under equipped Mexican Soldiers. They battled fiercely for 2 hours, until the French were forced to retreat. The Mexican Soldiers thru sheer will and determination had defeated the most powerful army in the entire world. The reason Americans celebrate this holiday is that we appreciate the cultural signifigance of what this battle represents. (Victory in the face of great odds and the Patriotism it generated). A common misconception made with Cinco De Mayo is that it celebrates Mexicos Independence. According to Wikipedia,. Mexico celebrates its independence on September 16, because it was on that day in 1810 that Father Miguel Hidalgo[->0] took to his pulpit in the village church of the town of Dolores and invited his flock to take up arms and join him[->1] in overthrowing Spanish tyranny. Independence Day is a very important holiday in Mexico and not to be confused...
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...The US has influenced the history of Mexico more than any other country in the world. There is no other Latin American country that lost so much in one fell swoop against a power hungry neighbor from the north. In one single act the US took all the land making up the areas we call home. California, Arizona, Utah, and Nevada were taken from Mexico, in one of the largest land seizures of the century. This act was one of the results of the Mexican-American war of 1846, and will remain to be a topic of hostility between Mexican American relations till the end of time. The war is a historical event that has a shadow of suspicion cast over it. It seems to be misunderstood by all sides and it seems like the more that one looks into and researches...
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...caused the conflict between both countries. In the treaty, the United States government was obligated to pay Mexico fifteen-million dollars. In return for the compensation, The United States expanded its territory. The territory that was obtained via the treaty eventually became New Mexico, Nevada, Colorado, Arizona, and some of Utah.[1] This treaty, especially in the long run, benefited both the United States and Mexico, but there are many arguments about why the war started. Some argue that the United States was power hungry and was continuing its “bulling” of the continent to fulfill their belief that it was God’s will for the United States to control the land from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This has now become to be known as Manifest Destiny.[2] Then there are the counter arguments that the dictatorship of Mexico sent troops to invade the United States and killed Americans. In a message to congress on May 11, 1846, President James Polk said, “Mexico invaded our territory and shed American blood upon the American soil.”[3] There are many arguments that say the United States is a racist nation and that this war, like many others, was because of white racism. Whether the battles were all racially motivated will never be known. It is impossible to know what was in the hearts of the Americans who fought in the war. What is know is that during that time Mexico was under an oppressive dictatorship and whether the motives of the United States were malicious or not...
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...something Mexican Cession means that Mexico gave up large amounts of land such as California and New Mexico to the United States. History behind Mexican Cession In December 1845 the United States voted to make Texas the 28th State. Mexico thought that we had the boundaries wrong and that part of Texas still belong to Mexico. The United States thought the line was the Rio Grand River, but Mexico thought it was another river far inside of the Texas border. The United States President James K. Polk wanted to meet with Mexico and settle the argument about where the Texas line was and talk about buying more land from Mexico. Mexico refused to meet. Mexico had a new president Santa Anna who did not want to talk. What Happened Next… When Mexico refused to meet with the United States President Palk order our military to the border. On April 25, 1846 the Mexican Calvary crossed the Rio Grande river into Texas and began fighting with our military and that was the beginning of the Mexican American war. That event was very important in history because it would determine how much land Mexico would eventually have to give up. (Reference -Social Studies for Kids, website cited below) 1. Mexico gave up over 500,000 square miles of territory to the United States http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/wwww/us/mexicancessiondef.htm How did the War End… The United States won the war by driving the Mexican army out of California, New Mexico and other parts of the country...
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...state in the Union and are recognized in the following timeline. ❖ Arizona History – 1700’s • Arizona was first explored by the Spanish • 1539 – Father Marcos de Niza explores Arizona and claims it for Spain • 1752 – First permanent Spanish settlement was established in Tubac • 1776 – A Spanish fort is built at Tucson ❖ Arizona History – 1800’s • 1821 – Mexico gains military control of Arizona • 1821 – Trappers and traders from the United States came into Arizona • 1848 – United States won the Mexican War and gained all of Arizona, north of the Gila River through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo • 1850 - The Great Compromise organized this new territory and allowed for division of the territory into states to be admitted to the Union in the Future • 1854 – The rest of Arizona becomes part of the United States by the Gadsden Purchase • 1891 – An Arizona Constitution was written and passed by voters. While the US House of Representatives also passed the constitution, the Senate did not approve statehood. ❖ Arizona History – 1900’s • 1904 – A bill was proposed to combine the New Mexico and Arizona territories into a single state. New Mexico voters approved but Arizona did not. • 1910 – Another constitutional...
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...Mexican-Americans throughout history has never been told truthfully and many people don’t know the history of Chicana/o’s. It all started with Manifest Destiny and the expansion of the United States into Mexico, which cause a huge fraud between them. Then turned into a war where Mexico lost the land and that’s how the creation of Mexican-Americans can to be. Chicana/o comes from a person of Mexican decent or origin but was born in the United States. Over the many heartbreaking years of history between the U.S and Mexico, it created a lot of conflict and difficulties of people who were second generation Mexican. With these difficulties created, Mexican–Americans had to work extra hard for fight for the rights that they have today. Chicana/o’s...
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...Rodman v. New Mexico Employment Security Department, 764 P. 2d 1316 (N.M. 1988) Facts- Ms. Billie J. Rodman worked for the Presbyterian Hospital as a unit secretary for eight years. February, 1987 she was terminated from her employment due to continuous, disruptive phone calls, visits, and disruptions that caused her and her co-works many distractions and distress. She was reprimanded twice for these incidents. On the day of her termination, she had an incident with her boyfriend outside of the hospital, which caused her to rip her shirt. She apparently left with her boyfriend, went home, changed and returned to work station 35 minutes later. After this incident occurred, she kept getting disruptive phone calls and the supervisor, tired of the disruptions and her behavior, decided to send her home and later was terminated. History- The case was heard at The District Court, Bernalillo County, holding up the decision of the administration, denying the unemployment compensation to the claimant. The case was then appealed to the New Mexico Supreme Court. Issue- Did the misconduct of the employee leading to termination, rise to the level of misconduct as defined in Mitchell v. Lovington Good Samaritan, Inc., 555 P. 2d 696 (N.M. 1976)? Holdings- Yes, it did because she had prior history of being reprimanded for disruptive, continuous phone calls and visits. Rule- New Mexico Supreme Court finds this rule under the “last straw” doctrine, which a series of incidents constituting...
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...brought it with them. Cinco de Mayo is not independence day for Mexico like most starter or unknowledgeable people may think. Mexico's independence day is celebrated on September 16th. Throughout this essay, I will help you understand the history behind this very famous holiday. Cinco de mayo is mostly celebrated in the United States and in Puebla. According to history Cinco de mayo video, " this holiday is celebrated with parties, mariachi music, folk dancing, Mexican food, and last but not least margaritas" (Oracle). This all began on May fifth, 1862. When Mexican...
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...With years of undignified blood spilled on its soil, New Mexico was desperately craving a change in events; something that would assist its citizens positively, and thus, in the 1960s, came a redeeming event, the introduction of the railroad to the United States. The railroad, otherwise known as the First Transcontinental railroad, was all part of an elaborate competition between two companies to connect the coastlines. An incredible feat that appropriated nearly ten years to construct, one can consider it one of the most crucial technological advances in the history of our country that allowed the effortless fleeting of goods and people across the country. The railroad’s construction began during the horror that was the Civil War and promptly...
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...America’s history that helps make it what it is today. Expansionists started to take interest in California, Texas, and New Mexico. They liked territorial growth and thought these provinces would bring many useful resources. Expansionists believed in Manifest Destiny which was the belief that that God wanted the U.S. to own all of North America. Many expansionists used the Oregon Trail and the Santa Fe Trail to travel west. The Oregon Trail started in Missouri and ended in Oregon and many people used this trail in hope of a better life. The Santa Fe Trail was a famous trail in New Mexico that was used for business and trade. Other traders traveled up the Missouri River into the Rocky Mountains in search of beaver skin. In this search of the Rockies,...
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...the Union and are recognized in the following timeline. ❖ Arizona History – 1700’s • Arizona was first explored by the Spanish • 1539 – Father Marcos de Niza explores Arizona and claims it for Spain • 1752 – First permanent Spanish settlement was established in Tubac • 1776 – A Spanish fort is built at Tucson ❖ Arizona History – 1800’s • 1821 – Mexico gains military control of Arizona • 1821 – Trappers and traders from the United States came into Arizona • 1848 – United States won the Mexican War and gained all of Arizona, north of the Gila River through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo • 1850 - The Great Compromise organized this new territory and allowed for division of the territory into states to be admitted to the Union in the Future • 1854 – The rest of Arizona becomes part of the United States by the Gadsden Purchase • 1891 – An Arizona Constitution was written and passed by voters. While the US House of Representatives also passed the constitution, the Senate did not approve statehood. ❖ Arizona History – 1900’s • 1904 – A bill was proposed to combine the New Mexico and Arizona territories into a single state. New Mexico voters approved but Arizona did not. • 1910 – Another...
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...Texas and the Fight for Independence Erin Rall 11-5-15 History 113 Prof. Townsend Did you know that stealing cattle or putting graffiti on someone else’s cow is a hanging offense in Texas? Something else you may not have known was that at the time of the Texas Revolution many Texans and Americans thought that the annexation of Texas to the Union would be a swift one. Instead, the hard road to annexation took nine long years (1836-1845) and as a result, Texas developed its own unique national pride and culture that persists today (Ch. 14 PowerPoint). The great desire to acquire new lands by the Americans saw them look to the easily accessible areas that were available in all of the Mexican borderlands. In the 1820`s settlers from various states...
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...War The Mexican war between the USA and Mexico began with an attack by the Mexicans against the Americans troops along the Texas border line on April 25, 1846. The fight ended when the USA General Winfield Scott occupied Mexico-City on September 14, 1847. A few months later a peace treaty was signed on February 2, 1848 of Guadalupe Hidalgo. In addition to recognizing the annexation of Texas in the United States with the defeat, California is also allocated by Mexico and New Mexico. Similar to all the events that are important in history, the interpretations referred to the Mexican war may vary. The Mexicans with a government rule by dictatorial centralism, attack the USA due to the annexation of (1845) Texas,...
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...was not flying over the Mexican capital. Instead, Mexico’s neighbor to the north had captured the country. How and why did the United States defeat Mexico in the Mexican-American War? To the victors went what spoils? This essay will answer these questions in a nutshell.Throughout the 19th Century, the United States was increasing in power and population while Mexico was stuck in chronic “political unrest, civil conflicts, depleted treasuries, [and] separatist movements” (Oscar J. Martinez, Troublesome Border [Tucson: the University of Arizona Press, 1988], 51). The U.S. was also heavily influenced by Manifest Destiny—the idea that the U.S. had the natural right to rule North America from coast to coast. Consequently, various presidential administrations in the 1820s and 30s sought to purchase land from Mexico, with no avail.In 1835, Texas battled and gained independence from Mexico; Texas was a sovereign country for the next decade (the Lone Star Republic). In the Treaty of Velasco, the Texas-Mexico border was established along the Rio Grande. Mexican President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (pronounced “Santana”) signed the treaty but the problem lied in the fact that the Mexican Congress did not ratify it, nor did Mexican presidents after Santa Anna acknowledge Texas’ independence.Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845. Mexico claimed the international border to be the Nuecos River, while the U.S. claimed the border to be at the Rio Grande. The Nuecos River runs roughly parallel...
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