...Abstract This research study includes the characterization and examination of the physical and chemical properties of the soil present in Cavite National Science High School to collect data about the present status of the soil in the area. The researcher examined the soils through the collection of data using the protocols provided by the GLOBE Website. The data that were collected were encoded to the GLOBE Website for the scientists to be able to better understand and interpret the current status of the soil. The soil samples were collected from the site located inside the vicinity of Cavite National Science High School. The gathering of samples was done on the two different seasons of the year, the wet and dry season. The protocols provided by the GLOBE organization were used in conducting the experiments in determining the soil properties. Some of the experimentation proper was done in the school’s Chemistry laboratory and Biology Laboratory. Soil samples were sent to the Department of Agriculture in Trece Martirez City to be able to obtain the results for the pH level and N-P-K Content of the soil. The results showed that the soil in Cavite National Science High School had a pH level of 5.8, temperature of 27.65°C. The nitrogen and potassium content of the soil was low in all of its horizons, sufficient potassium content and medium content of phosphorus. According to the analysis made, there was a significant difference in the bulk density of the soil and there was no significant...
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...human health issues, and (v) animal welfare issues. The review was based on peer-reviewed research papers identified by experts at MSU, as well as (where specifically suggested) non peer-reviewed university and government reports. Additional studies were identified from the reference section of recommended papers, as well as via their citation index (primarily Google Scholar). A synopsis of each section is available below, as well as at the end of each section. There is a great deal of research –much of it based in the United States- on the environmental effects of all types of dairy farming, including intensive/confinement, mixed, pasture-based, and management-intensive rotational grazing (MIRG) operations. The vast majority of studies identified for this review focused on the fate and management of excess nitrogen and phosphorous, their effects on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and contributions to air quality and climate change. Many environmental mitigation efforts were suggested, including balancing nutrient inputs/outputs at the level of the farm, the watershed, and regionally; taking greater care in the timing of fertilizer and manure applications; increased testing for phosphorus and nitrogen in soil; and the use of riparian buffer strips and fencing to protect water bodies. In addition, many studies suggested that cattle stocking rates be calibrated to ensure that nitrogen...
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...and Abatement Handbook WORLD BANK GROUP Effective July 1998 Nitrogen Oxides Nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the ambient air consist primarily of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). These two forms of gaseous nitrogen oxides are significant pollutants of the lower atmosphere. Another form, nitrous oxide (N2O), is a greenhouse gas. At the point of discharge from man-made sources, nitric oxide, a colorless, tasteless gas, is the predominant form of nitrogen oxide. Nitric oxide is readily converted to the much more harmful nitrogen dioxide by chemical reaction with ozone present in the atmosphere. Nitrogen dioxide is a yellowish-orange to reddish-brown gas with a pungent, irritating odor, and it is a strong oxidant. A portion of nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere is converted to nitric acid (HNO3) and ammonium salts. Nitrate aerosol (acid aerosol) is removed from the atmosphere through wet or dry deposition processes similar to those that remove sulfate aerosol. 1994). The United States generates about 20 million metric tons of nitrogen oxides per year, about 40% of which is emitted from mobile sources. Of the 11 million to 12 million metric tons of nitrogen oxides that originate from stationary sources, about 30% is the result of fuel combustion in large industrial furnaces and 70% is from electric utility furnaces (Cooper and Alley 1986). Occurrence in Air and Routes of Exposure Annual mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in urban areas throughout the world are in the range...
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...Ecosystem Structure, Function, and Change Paper (Great Lakes) Shantera Bell October 26, 2015 SCI/256 UOP The Great Lakes region is rich with life and full of native species well adapted to survival. However, since the early 1800s, many non-native plants, animals and microscopic organisms have been introduced into the Great Lakes, either accidentally or intentionally. Great Lakes native species are diverse and interesting and contribute to a healthy ecosystem. There are many unique and interesting birds, fish and plants found in Michigan and throughout the region that are integral to the health of the Great Lakes ecosystem. More than 140 species of birds depend on Michigan’s coastal habitat during their life cycle. Coastal wetlands, beaches, sand dunes and remote islands provide food and shelter for both resident and migratory species. Waterfowl such as Canvasback and Scaup are among the many species that use coastal wetlands as stopover sites to rest and refuel. Shorebirds including the endangered piping plover fly thousands of miles to nest on undisturbed beaches and remote Great Lakes islands. Because of their use of the coastal lands, there are thousands of great locations to see both resident and migratory bird species throughout Michigan and the Great Lakes region. State parks, national parks, wildlife refuges and sanctuaries throughout the state all provide good bird-watching opportunities. Some sites along Michigan’s Great Lakes shoreline are even...
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...assignments: Option 1: Ecosystem Components Paper Option 2: Ecosystem Components Video and Summary Option 1: Ecosystem Components Paper Select a representative natural ecosystem in your area or one that you are interested in—such as a lake, preserve, or park—that is managed for native species. • Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper explaining the following: o The major structural and functional dynamics (processes) of that ecosystem including change over time o How humans may have affected biogeochemical cycles in that ecosystem, including impacts to the nitrogen, phosphorus, or carbon cycle o How knowledge about that ecosystem’s structure and function can help or has helped to develop plans for its management and restoration o The implication of species interactions in ecosystem management and restoration • Include two outside references. • Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Option 2: Ecosystem Components Video and Summary Select a representative natural ecosystem in your area or one that you are interested in—such as a lake, preserve, or park—that is managed for native species. • Shoot a 7- to 10-minute video chronicling the following: o The major structural and functional dynamics (processes) of that ecosystem including change over time o How humans may have affected biogeochemical cycles in that ecosystem, including impacts to the nitrogen, phosphorus, or carbon cycle o How...
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...One element that is necessary for life is nitrogen, and coral reefs have the ability to fix nitrogen highly efficiently, allowing it to be taken up more readily. Specifically, it is the algae that the coral polyps share a symbiotic relationship with that fix the nitrogen. Algae found in Pacific reef flats called Calothrix crustacea was found to fix nitrogen at a rate of 1.8kg/ha/day, which was 2-5 times the amount fixed by ground coverings that are commonly observed for nitrogen fixation (Barnes & Hughes 1999). This fixed nitrogen was then released into the ecosystem through multiple different means, such as: the algae being consumed and the nitrogen being released as fish faeces; sections of the algae becoming displaced during strong waters and being released across the reef; or the algae directly releasing the fixed nitrogen into solution, which it does roughly 50% of the time (Barnes & Hughes 1999). By releasing this fixed nitrogen, it can be taken up by organisms such as phytoplankton and the surrounding areas of the coral reef can gradually become nitrogen-rich, allowing larger marine life to flourish (O’Neil & Capone 2008). Alongside fixing nitrogen, coral reefs have also been shown to aid in the distribution of nutrients in coastal environments. Coral reefs themselves are generally low in nutrients, stemming from the fact that they...
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...This IRP will/is going to be testing how liquid nitrogen affects the germination rate of seeds. Cryopreservation is whenever damaged cells are frozen at sub-zero temperatures to attempt to preserve the cell. In preserving the cell it is possible to fix the cell or help the damage done depending on how densely packed the seed is. Based on the information provided if the seeds are stored in the liquid nitrogen then they will germinate at a faster rate than the control group. Germination is the process of the plant growing from the seed. Germination starts when a seed soaks up water at a constant rate. The soaking up of water by the seed is called imbibition (imbibition means drink and seeds imbibe water). When the seeds continuously intake water they hydrate there enzymes and it increases their metabolic activity which produces energy for the plant to grow. Liquid nitrogen helps the seed germinate faster by freezing the seed over so that the water levels around the seed increase. When the seed is sowed it already has water soaked into it so it grows faster. The Apple seeds that will be used are Malus Domestica. I will refer to Malus Domestica as MD for the rest of the paper. MD seeds...
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...The 2001 film “Evolution”, is an entertaining film about an alien species being introduced to earth via meteor. However, this film seems to contain a copious amount scientific inaccuracies. For example, when the meteor is traveling through space, the movie presents the meteor rushing towards Earth with sound. However, space is a vacuum, so there for there would be no sound in space. To continue with the lengthy list, the meteor, after piercing the atmosphere of earth, still remains around the same size, not withering at all through the intense heat and weathering that would occur by doing so. Also, last time I checked, meteors did not contain explosives. I only bring that up because when it impacts, it creates a huge explosion, rather than the dirt or displaced earth that would be sent into the air. Not to mention, the fireman that was there on impact, was obviously still able to drive his car even though the meteor basically destroyed it, I mean, that is totally plausible, right? Now, when David Duchovny and Orlando Jones, who play the role of two college professors, arrive to be the first to investigate the rock, they try to take a sample of the rock to test it. When they break off the piece of rock, it starts to “bleed”. Really, a rock can bleed? Next thing you know, the blood will start transforming into a sentient species! So, after they collect some of the the “blood”, they bring it back to the lab for testing and inspecting. Now, it is my understanding that in order...
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...Grand Canyon paper Mengbo Han 26/11/2012 My idea is, we should forbid or reduce airline near or passed above Grand Canyon to protect the environment there. The truth is, Grand Canyon has suffered from severe visibility problems, due in great part to pollution in the form of smog and haze. According to the final report of The Grand Canyon Visibility Transport Commission, the political body charged with looking into the issue, "Research shows that visual air quality in the West experienced a significant decline due to emissions from industrial activity from the 1940s to the 1970s. Visibility-impairing emissions began to decline in the 1970s following enactment of the federal Clear Air Act. Visual air quality at national parks and wilderness areas on the Colorado Plateau has not appeared to change since reliable monitoring data became available in the 1980s." This paragraph is not focused on the aircraft, but it does shows the air pollution in Grand Canyon is a serious problem. Industry and transportation contribute the largest percentage of smog forming emissions; trans-border pollution from Mexico was also cited as potentially significant contributors. For aircraft, it will certainly decrease the air condition. Aircraft create several types of air pollution. Pollution occur both at the airport during fueling, take off and landing and while the aircraft are in flight. For example, aircraft would make more greenhouse air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and some...
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...Research Paper: Review of Related Literature and Methodology I. Introduction Magnetic levitation has fascinated us since it was first introduced in Sci-Fi novels and movies. Moving across distances at high speeds while vertically suspended sounds impossible. But technology has advance to a point in which it is not as farfetched as it seems. Its physics is not impossible and is quite sophisticated. A. Research Question Will Magnetically Levitating vehicles be more efficient in saving energy for transportation services? B. Hypothesis If Magnetic Levitation reduce energy as it moves over a distance in time. Then it is more efficient in energy saving for transportation. C. Objectives of the study The objective is to engineer prototypes of MagLev trains with different systems and comparing it to a control model to determine its convenience and efficiency in saving energy. D. Significance DLSU-STC has proposed a future model of its campus that requires transportation around its vast area. Energy saving transportation would be an asset to the campus' innovative purpose. E. Limitations The use of scale models Life span of models Availability of materials 3. Review of Related Literature A. Introduction With the dramatic increase in population, transportation services using non-renewable energy cannot afford mass transit. New-Generation transportation systems are developing to meet the demand for innovative means of transportation. Magnetic Levitation...
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...swayajith@gmail.com Abstract Dimensional instability on finished plastics products due to changes in humidity is one of the leading causes of product failure. The test lead times associated with measuring changes in dimensions due to humidity changes are prohibitively longer & lot of machine time is consumed in the process. This can become a limiting scenario wherein multiple materials are scaled up for measurements or multiple formulation variables are being analyzed. In this paper, we propose to use the “Swell Index” as the prime factor to be used for evaluating the changes in dimensions. Swell Index of a material is defined as the ratio of difference in dimension to the original dimension as a function of temperature or humidity and is expressed as percent swell index (temperature) or percent swell index (Humidity) respectively. Swell Index is measured using TMA by measuring the dimensional changes as a function of time while cycling the environment of the test sample between dry Nitrogen (~0% RH) and wet nitrogen (100% RH). This analysis can be accomplished using few grams of samples without manual intervention, thereby leading to significant reduction in test lead times. Key words: -Thermo Mechanical Analysis, Swell Index, Dimensional stability Principle When hygroscopic polymeric materials experience humidity, the dimension of the material changes .The dimension changes due to moisture absorption can be measured either by gravimetric techniques (TGA) or by mechanical techniques...
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...EDSST 1 RESEARCH AND ACTION PLAN SUBMITTED BY: ABIGAIL A. DELA SALDE SST 1 STUDENT CHRISTINE MAE SALAS SST 1 STUDENT LAVIÑA ALCOSIBA SST 1 STUDENT SUBMITTED TO: PROF. JACKSON SISON ED SST 1 PROFESSOR INTRODUCTION This research enhances the idea of every student on how to deal different economic and nature problem of the society or of the world. The research paper refers to the surveys and observation of every individual in a group. It is one way of showing the outputs of every member in order to create great research with a knowledgeable content. The possible outcome of a research reflects the ability of every student on how to observe particular problem. The topic that we have chosen is burning of fossil fuels (effects, causes and prevention). It opens our hearts and minds on the possible effects or outcomes that may happen in our environment if these thing will continuously arise. The damaged has been done in several parts of the world. The only thing we must do is to initiate other ideas that may convert the effects of burning of fossil fuel into a suitable one. The next pages of this research will explain other alternative ways to get energy or electricity without using or burning fossil fuels. As we continue to understand these things in this world, let’s put in our mind first that the imbalance of our nature can affects great percentage of our life not just here in the present but also to the next generation to come. OBJECTIVES:...
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...Research Paper on Hybrid Cars The cars we use all over the world are detrimental to our Earth’s environment. In the United States, air quality often fails to meet federal standards. Air pollution, water pollution, global warming, and ozone depletion are some of the problems we face each day that reflect the consequences of our actions. The cars we drive emit exhaust gas, whose harmful elements cause acid rain and global warming. As a result of growing environmental concerns, the US government has been trying to resolve these problems. One such solution is the Hybrid car, which can save resources by giving off less emission. However, among the many benefits of Hybrid cars, there are also some drawbacks as well. Hybrids still exhaust some emissions, and their large batteries require frequent replacement. Now, fortunately, many companies are thinking of ways to improve Hybrid cars because if we don‘t stop driving gasoline powered vehicles, the earth’s resources will be destroyed. Driving a car is the worst pollutant. Despite attempts to make engines more fuel efficient and the increase in antipollution devices, emissions from passenger vehicles are increasing in Canada and the US. The main cause of this problem is that cars are getting bigger and consumers are driving pick-up trucks and sports vehicles instead of smaller, lighter passenger vehicles. The average new car in 2001 consumed more fuel than the average car in 1988. In 1987 cars averaged 25.9 miles to the gallon in...
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...A SEMINAR PAPER ON PROSPECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE BY ADELAKUN EMMANUEL OLUWAGBENGA. CSP/07/9943 SUMMITTED TO DEPARTMENT OF CROP, SOIL AND PEST MANAGEMENT. SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY, FEDERAL UNVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AKURE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY APRIL, 2013. CERTIFICATION This seminar report has been read and approved as meeting the requirement for the award of B.Tech in Crop, soil and pest management. ……………………………….. …………………………… Student’s supervisor Date Dr. Awodun -------------------------------------- …………………………… Head of Department Date TABLE OF CONTENT Certification Table of content PREFACE CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT (I N M) 1.1 GOALS OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT INM 1.2 PLANT NUTRIENT APPLICATION 1.3 ADVANTAGES OF INM 1.4 CONCEPTS 1.5 DETERMINANTS CHAPTER TWO 2.0 THE PLANT NUTRIENT BALANCE SYSTEM 2.1 COMPONENTS OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT SYSTEM 2.1.1 ORGANIC MANURES 2.1.2 LEGUME PLANTING 2.1.3 BIO-FERTILIZERS 2.2 ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS 2.3 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS 2.4 PLANT NEEDS CHAPTER THREE 3.0 NUTRIENT CYCLE 3.1 NUTRIENT CONSERVATION AND UPTAKE 3.2 CONCLUSION REFERENCE Preface Plants require from the soil macro nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in large amounts which normally the organic manures are...
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...This purpose of this research paper is discussing the safety hazards of welding fumes. This paper will discuss a brief history of welding. This paper will discuss the history of the health hazards to the miners when welding. The effects of miners exposed to welding fumes will be discussed, and how federal regulations have an effect on the hazards. This paper will have discussed some of the controls mine sites are using to prevent the health hazards in welding fumes. The effect of welding fumes can cause health issues. Its dependent on how long the worker is exposed to the welding fumes. According to the Mine Safety and Health Administration Website: The adverse health effects of overexposure to welding fumes and gases include chronic...
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