...A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 9.One eV is equal to _____ J. A) 6.02 × 1023 B) 1.6 × 10–19 C) 6.25 × 1018 D) 1.66 × 10–24 10. Which of the following elements is most frequently used for doping pure Ge or Si? A) Boron B) Gallium C) Indium D) All of the above 11.The diffused impurities with _____ valence electrons are called donor atoms. A) 4 B) 3 C) 5 D) 0 12.In what state is a silicon diode if the voltage drop across it is about 0.7 V? A) No bias B) Forward bias C) Reverse bias D) Zener region 13.What unit is used to represent the level of a diode forward current IF? A) pA B) nA C) A D) mA 14.Which of the following ratings is true? A) Si diodes have higher PIV and narrower temperature ranges than Ge diodes. B) Si diodes have higher PIV and wider temperature ranges than Ge diodes. C) Si diodes have lower PIV and narrower temperature ranges than Ge...
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...68. The ability to move around while communication is called A. Data rate B. Speed C. Range D. Mobility ANSWER: D. Mobility 69. The distance between one transmitter and receiver is called A. Area B. Range C. Data rate D. Mobility ANSWER: B. Range 70. Single network operator has control over the usage of the spectrum is called A. Regulated spectrum usage B. Unregulated spectrum usage C. Spectrum limitation D. Speared spectrum ANSWER: A. Regulated spectrum usage 71. The frequency assign for different wireless services is regulated by A.FCC B.CEPT C.ITU D.ARIB ANSWER: C. ITU 72. The noise power spectral density is A.N0=KbTe. B.N0=Kb/Te. C.N0=KbTedb D.N0=db/Kb. ANSWER: A.N0=KbTe. UNIT II WIRELESS PROPAGATION CHANNELS 9-FADING AND FADING EFFECT 73. Types of small scale fading, based on Doppler spread are A. Fast fading B. Frequency non selective fading C. Flat fading D. Frequency selective fading ANSWER: A. Fast fading 74. Flat fading or frequency nonselective fading is a type of A. Multipath delay spread small scale fading B. Doppler spread small scale fading C. Both a) and b) D. None of the above ANSWER: A. Multipath delay spread small scale fading 75. In Frequency Selective Fading, the A. Coherence Bandwidth of the channel is less than bandwidth of transmitted channel B. Coherence Bandwidth of the channel is more than bandwidth of transmitted channel C. Coherence Bandwidth of the channel is equal to bandwidth of transmitted...
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...Chapter 11 question 9 Describe and give function of a neuron cell body, a dendrite and an axon. Neurons are organized to form complex networks that perform the functions of the nervous system. They are also called nerve cells. The function of neurons is to receive stimuli and transmit the action potential to other neurons or the effector organs. There are three parts to a neuron that include; a cell body and two processes known as axon and dendrites. The cell body is call neuron cell body. It contains a single, relatively large and centrally located nucleus that has a prominent nucleolus. The nucleus is surrounded by rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Cell body also contains other organelles and mitochondria.Cell body differs...
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...1. What is the process an auditor would use to audit Section 12 of the PCI DSS for an organization undergoing an audit for PCI compliance? Include the documentation that would be required to prove compliance and describe in detail how you would review the documentation, conduct interviews and system demonstrations. Answer: Section 12 of PCI DSS audit deals with the maintaining a policy that addresses information security for all personnel, a strong policy helps the organization to ensure information security and through the awareness and dissemination of policies to the employees we can ensure that everyone is aware of their responsibilities and we can ensure sense of responsibility for securing the cardholder data. It has 11 major requirements, under the process which I will follow, I will verify and test all the requirements and will review the documents associated with the requirement and will conduct the interview for the information of the requirement, 12.1: Establish, publish, maintain, and disseminate a security policy. I will examine the information security policy and I will verify that it is published and communicated to all the stakeholders via proper channels. There is a requirement to review the policy at least annually, and it is updated the business changes and risk environment. To verify it I can check historical security policy and review logs to ensure the review is done. Documentation Required: Current security policy document and historical security policy...
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...Montie Ramsarran August 11th, 2014 NT1310 Mr. Amos Unit 9 Exercise 1 Light Source and Components-Definitions 1. Forward Biased LED: A bias voltage that is applied to a pn-junction in the direction that causes a large current flow; used in some semiconductor diode circuits. 2. Incoherent Light: Light in which the electric and magnetic fields of photons are completely random in orientation. Incoherent light is typically emitted from light bulbs and LEDs. 3. Laser: Acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. The laser produces a coherent source of light with a narrow beam and a narrow spectral bandwidth (about 2cm). Lasers in fiber optics are usually solid-state semiconductor types. Lasers are used to provide the high-powered, tightly controlled light wave lengths necessary for high-speed, long-distance optical fiber transmissions. 4. Output Pattern: A setting that selects the output pattern for comparison outputs. This enables outputs for changes in levels rather than just upper/lower limit comparisons to set value. It can be set according to the control applications. Note: The settings must be as follows for correct zone outputs. 5. Output Power: The useful signal or power delivered by a circuit or device. 6. Modulation Speed: (1) Coding of information onto the carrier frequency. Types of modulation include amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and phase modulation...
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...to (01110)3 to get the equivalent ternary number as (12210)3 = (156)10. By performing exactly reverse process, we can reconvert the received m digit ternary message to its equivalent binary form. That is first we scan the given ternary number from its most significant (leftmost) digit position in a digit by digit manner, and convert the part of the so far scanned ternary digits to its equivalent binary representation. Because of Binary to ternary conversion of data we have the advantage of reduction in the total number of symbols to be transmitted and hence the total transmission duration gets saved. As we know both the transmitter and the receiver consume energy with respect to their duration for which they are switched on, regardless of the symbol transmitted, this recoding to a higher radix will lead to a savings in energy at both the transmitter and the receiver simultaneously. The transmission protocol of TSS involves the following steps: Protocol Transmit TSS Step 1: binary data is recoded to ternary data using the Binary2Ternary protocol. Step 2: Transmit this recoded ternary data symbol by symbol, using the following rules: Step 2.1: If the transmitted symbol is to be 0, then switch off the transmitter for the symbol period. Step 2.2: switch on the transmitter and for the transmission of symbol (1 or 2) in the time slot. The receiver side protocol is the reverse of the transmitter side protocol. Protocol Receive TSS Step 1: Receive the ternary encoded data symbol by...
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...Patient Nine G. K. is a 66-year-old male scheduled for a colonoscopy. Indication is due to the patient having a history of polyps back in 2013. I went over the informed consent with the patient and explained that a colonoscopy procedure usually isn’t a high-risk procedure, but in the case of an emergency, if you were to need any life saving measures of using blood products, then I would inform the client/patient to sign on this dotted line and so on. The patient signed to receive life saving measures. The patient was not on any medications currently. The patient refused to let students place IV’s, so I watched Mikayla place the IV and one thing I learned from her is that she will feel around the vein, if she doesn’t hit the vein straight on, and she will find a way to hook the vein with the needle (fish-hook the vein). She was successful on the first try. Patient’s have the right to refuse care from students, but the patient was still willing to allow me to help in other ways. I don’t mind observing because it allows me to sit back and examine how others do the skills, which allows me to learn as well. This concluded my visit with the patient. Patient Ten R. B. is a 54-year-old male scheduled for a colonoscopy. Indication is for a screening. Patient is allergic to guaifenesin. This patient came in with his primary caregiver (mother). This patient has down syndrome, so this required a lot of encouragement when caring for this patient. His mother informed us that...
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...key if you really want to reach your goals. Sometime everything looks unreachable, but if you keep on trying and never give up you will conquer the impossible. Just keep on trying eventually you will get there. 3) What skills and knowledge do I recognize that I am gaining? Never surrender, continue until the end, it does not matter if you are not the first one to get to the finish line what matters is that you get there. 4) Describe one important thing that you are thinking about in relation to the activity. Learning about software engineering has given me probably one of the most important tools in the software world to get the job that I am looking for. 4) Define CVSS and CCSS with respect to the problem chosen from appendix in Unit 3. Well, if we apply CVSS to the example, we can find the vulnerability components of the application across the user environment. They could be one of the modules (student transcripts, account receivables, etc) may be a hardware device (server, hard drive, etc) or even a network resource (file access, remote data storage, etc). If we just use the CVSS base metrics set (Exploitability and Impact) the vulnerability can be exploited and we can also measure the consequences of the thing that suffers the impact. The Temporal metrics will be used to provide an official patch to the vulnerability and the Environment metrics will incorporate security control to diminish the consequences. Now if we apply the CCSS to the example we can categorized...
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...4A. Vesicular transfersome and liposome based transdermal gel of aceclofenac: 4A.1 Preformulation studies: Identification of drug was carried out by DSC, FTIR and UV spectrophotometry 4A.1.1 DSC studies-DSC studies were carried out at a temperature range of 25 º C to 165 º C at 10 º C increments of temperature. Figure4A.1-DSC Thermogram of Aceclofenac DSC thermogram indicates the M.P of 154º C which fairly matches with reported M.P of Aceclofenac, thus confirming the identity and purity of aceclofenac. 4A.1.2. FTIR studies- Figure4A.2 . FTIR spectra of Aceclofenac Figure.4A.3 Standard FTIR spectra of aceclofenac FTIR Interpretation: Figure 4A.4 Chemical structure of aceclofenac Table 4A.1 Interpretation of FTIR spectra of aceclofenac Functional groups Absorption (cm-1) Range (cm-1) C=0 stretching 1736.41 1540–1870 OH stretching 2925.50 2500–3100 NH stretching 3359.18 3300–3500 C-Cl 668.00 550–850 Interpretation- The FTIR spectra of sample fairly matches with that of reference spectra particularly in fingerprint region thereby confirming the identity of Aceclofenac. 4A.1.3 UV Scan for determining λmax of Aceclofenac The aceclofenac drug concentration of 10 µg/ml in methanol was scanned between 200 nm to 400 nm using UV‐visible spectrophotometer Shimadzu Corporation, Japan (UV-1800). Figure 4A.5 UV scan of aceclofenac in methanol Interpretation: - From the UV scan of aceclofenac, maximum absorbance was observed at 278...
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...Phase 1 is that, BTC of the node j parent node field. After broadcastingADV1 message, if a node receives any of the ADV1 message from any type of other node, then the all node compare its own ID with the parent node ID stored in the received broadcast the message. If its own ID is equal to that the parent node ID in received ADV1 message, the node declares itself as an internal node, If the node does not receive any type of the ADV1 message where its own ID is equal to the parent node ID stored in that broadcast message, after then the node declare itself as an leaf node. The algorithm to add second parent to each of the node,the tree constructed in phase 1 is given in the procedure BTC phase2 in which performs its all task as follows. At the starting of this phase, sink node broadcasts anADV2 message to all its neighbours,the node executes the following steps 1. If the node receives the ADV2 message from the sink node, then it computes the new cost by adding reciprocal of its left over power to the received cost, and sets its two cost fields to new cost and its stores the sink node ID in its both parent node fields. 2. If both the parent node fields of the receiving node are equal, then it stores that new cost value as computed in step 1 in the second cost field and stores the received node ID in the second parent node field. 3. If both the parent node fields of the receiving node are not equal, then it compares the new cost with that cost are stored in the second cost field,...
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...transfer function the in series with an all-pass-filter and the characteristic issue of that series combination will be zeroes in the right-half-plane. The consequence of zeroes in the right-half-plane is that the inverted function is not stable. Minimum phase of system all pass filter it can be also be transport delay inserts into 'excess phase', that is why the resulting function would be the non-minimum phase is the example of minimum phase wavelet is a discrete-time system with the rational transfer function can only be satisfy with the causality and stability requirements of all of its poles are inside the unit of circle, because we are free to choose whether the zeros of the system are inside or outside the unit circle. Minimum phase of system with rational transfer function is maximum phase for all its zeros are also inside the unit of the circle. That is why it is called minimum phase wavelet. Fig 2.2.2 minimum phase Minimum phase wavelets are not the shortest wavelets achievable on a seismic section. For several amplitude spectra typical of processed seismic sections, both minimum-phase and zero-phase wavelets are presented. In each case, several measures of length reveal that the zero-phase wavelet is shorter than the minimum-phase wavelet corresponding to the same amplitude spectrum. There fore the zero phase wavelet it has lesser side lobes than that of the corresponding the minimum phase wavelet of the Synthetic seismographs were generated...
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...Fig. 11 shows a single stage circuit diagram of the bi-directional Ćuk converter balancing system. Generally, the method uses n - 1 SMs to balance a series string of n battery cells where each SM is composed of two switches, two inductors, and one capacitor. Each SM is connected across two adjacent cells to allow energy transfer from the cell with a higher voltage to the cell with a lower voltage, so it takes a relatively long equalization time especially for long string battery packs. The voltage of each SM is equal to the cell voltage and, hence, low voltage MosFETs can be used as power devices to reduce conduction and switching losses. The energy is transferred between the two adjacent cells through the capacitor and the direction of power flow is determined by the voltage imbalance between the cells and the switching function of the two switches. The bi-directional Ćuk converter is designed to operate in discontinuous conduction mode in order to reduce the MosFETs conduction losses. The initial capacitive voltage is equal to vBj + vBj+1 and two PWM signals are used to achieve the balance between the two adjacent cells which controls the switches, Sj and Sj+1. If vBj > vBj+1, the energy is transferred from cell Bj to cell Bj+1 by controlling the switch, Sj. Conversely, If vBj+1 > vBj, the energy is transferred from cell Bj+1 to cell Bj by controlling the switch, Sj+1. During the period, Ton, the switch Sj is turned on and the switch, Sj+1, is turned off. In this case, the...
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...Body 2 and move the bodies closer to a final separation d. if the capacitance coefficients are known, the system potentials can be calculated: Q_1=c_11 V_1''+c_12 V_2 Q_2=c_12 V_1''+c_22 V_2 The solution of these equation yields: V_2=(Q_2 c_11-Q_1 c_12)/(c_11 c_22-c_12^2 ) V_1''=(Q_1 c_22-Q_2 c_12)/(c_11 c_22-c_12^2 ) V_1^''-V_2=(Q_1 〖[c〗_22+c_12]-Q_2 〖[c〗_11+c_12])/([c_11 c_22-c_12^2]) CONDUCTION CHARGING CONTACT WITH FLOATING CHARGED CONDUCTOR A third type of charging can occur between two conductors, one of which is initially charged. In this case a charge transfer takes place at the time of contact, and results in new body potentials after separation. Assume that Body 1 initially has a charge Q_1 and is isolated from Body 2 which is neutral. Then, for Body 1: Q_1=c_11 V_0 Let the two bodies approach until their separation is d. the body potentials, V_1 and V_2 can be calculated if the capacitance coefficients are known. Q_1=c_11 V_1+c_12 V_2 0=c_12 V_1+c_22 V_2 Let contact be made between the two bodies; the contact can be modelled by a fine conductor which joins the two bodies. After contact, both bodies are at the same potential V and the original charge Q_1 is distributed on the two bodies. The system equations become: q_1=c_11 V+c_12 V q_2=c_12 V+c_22 V Q_1=q_1+q_2 If the two bodies are now separated and moved back to their original positions, the new body potentials can be calculated: q_1=c_11 〖V'〗_1 q_2=c_22 〖V'〗_2 For conduction charging, the polarities of both bodies...
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...M.R.I Anatomy Axial, sagittal and coronal image planes are commonly used for foot and ankle examination. Axial images: Fig. 3-1 Sagittal localizer for axial cuts: perpendicular to the long axis of the tibia (Berquist, 2012) In the axial plane, the low signal intensity bands of the anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments are demonstrated at the level of the tibial plafond. The inferior extensor retinaculum is identified anterior to and at its attachment to the medial malleolus and represents the upper limb of this Y-shaped band of deep fascia (Stoller, 2007). On axial images through the tibiotalar joint, the tendons of the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, the extensor digitorum longus and peroneus tertius muscles occupy the anterior compartments in a medial to lateral direction. The peroneus brevis muscle and tendon and the more lateral peroneus longus tendon are located posterior to the lateral malleolus (Haaga, 2002). The tendons of the tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus can be identified posteriorly, running from a medial position posterior to the medial malleolus to a lateral position posterior to the tibial plafond and talar dome. Posterior and medial to the greater saphenous vein, the anterior tibionavicular fibers of the deltoid ligament blend with the low signal cortex of the anterior surface of the medial malleolus (Leffler and Disler, 2002). The Achilles tendon is identified in cross...
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...New Structure – Optical Networks The new structure has been given a grant to make its network state of the art by making it a fiber optic network. This paper will include what hardware will be necessary for the inside of the building and outside of the building and how we would expand the fiber to an adjacent building if it is built. This paper will also describe the safety procedures that will be followed during the fiber installation. INSTALLATION HARDWARE PULLING EYE- When running a cable through a wall, conduit or other inaccessible space a pulling eye can be an indispensable tool. This device is specially designed to attach to the strength member of the cable at one end and a pulling line on the other. The pulling line is used to pull the eye with the attached cable through an inaccessible space. This allows you to pull the cable and protect the fiber ends from damage. PULL BOX – A pull box is usually installed after a long straight run or every time the set of turns totals 180 degrees or more. The pull box is used to create a intermediate opening for the pulling cable to reduce the length of cable being pulled through the conduit or to reduce the number of turns the cable is being pulled through at a given time. It is important to keep in mind the bend radius of the cable when using a pull box. SPLICE ENCLOSURES – Splice enclosures can take many forms depending on their location and application. Splice enclosures can be typically place in one of the two following categories...
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