...Visiting home health nurses are a well-known profession and becoming more popular as time grows. The service of public health nursing was carried out on the frontier by nurses under the name of “Visiting nurse services” which were part of the late 19th century health reform out of ‘The Henry Street House’ in 1893, as discussed in the film “Nursing in America – A History of Social Reform”. They held many roles outside of nursing, those roles and missions and struggles will be discussed. The Henry Street House was opened in 1893 by Lilian Wald who established the phrase ‘public health nurse’, as discussed in the film “Nursing in America – A History of Social Reform”. She believed that bedside care should be provided to the public sick poor as well as treating the social and economic problems they faced and providing them with health education (Buhler-Wilkerson). She sent out nurses who traveled door to door to the families of the community of which they served. They were the major health educators to the people of the cities, many of whom could be considered for lack of a better work, ignorant. They knew not of the power of purpose of their own bodies, how to keep themselves healthy, or of their own sex organ functions. The messages of the public health nurse included education on child rearing, why immunizations were important, and information on sanitation and nutrition. They provided many services to the families they visited. In the beginning of public health nursing, nurses...
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...History of Community Health Nursing and Health Promotion/Risk Reduction Cumberland University History of Community Health Nursing and Health Promotion/Risk Reduction For this assignment, I have chosen two articles from the American Journal of Nursing written in October of 1900. Article 1 The first article obtained is titled Work for Nurses in Play-Schools written by Mary Boyle O’Reilly for the first edition of American Journal of Nursing (O'Reilly, 1900). The article discusses how district nurses were trying to impress upon patients in the area that prevention and sanitation were the keys to battling disease. The district nurses were finding that some people were not interested at all in changing the way in which they did things and that those that did show interest often fell back into old ways soon after the nurses giving instruction were gone. Around this same time, the newly formed Guild of Saint Elizabeth was formed and as part of their work of a social settlement, they created play-school which was where children could go during the months of July and August in an attempt to keep these children from the influences of the streets. The nursing corps associated with The Boston City Hospital decided to go to the play-school and instruct the children on basic nursing, sanitation, and disease prevention in hopes of instilling these principles in the children who had yet to have instilled in them the ways of their parents. This proved to be a very popular course at...
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...History of Community Nursing Matrix As long as people have existed, they needed to look after their health. As a result, the healthcare industry was born. Nurses were a vital part of that growing community. This paper will approach three different historical periods in the United States, discuss the nurse’s role in the community in regards to the major health issues of that period, how they partnered with the community to create new programs and finish with an intellectual discussion on how Jean Watson’s theory of Caring can be applied to the nurse’s role for each historical period. Period 1-- 1800s: In the early year of American settlement , female head of the family provided the care for sick in the family (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). In the early 1800s increased number of urban residents have changed the traditional caring system (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). After the American Revolution, increased urbanization and beginning industrialization contributed to epidemical diseases (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). In 1800, the first Marine Hospital was opened in Norfolk, Virginia (). In early 1800s, nursing care mainly focused on moral issues than illness intervention (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008). “The public was interested in limiting disease among all classes of people for religious reasons as a form of charity” (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2008, p. 27). The Ladies’s Benevolent Society of Charleston, South Carolina for the sick and poor provided charitable assistance...
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...The role of the community and public health nurse Community and public health care nursing is a different type of nursing than that of a clinical nurse. The patients people in the community that have a specific needs, the focus is on one major population or a health care issue within a community. The role of these nurses is to provide care to populations that may not otherwise receive care, or provide education about certain conditions, and develop strategies on how to treat and prevent complications based on evidenced based practices. In order to deliver this type of care, a community or public health nurse must have an educational background that includes a strong research base regarding public and community health issues, additionally these nurses must have a pulse on the public and what resources are available to fill the needs of the public. Public health nurses must have excellent critical thinking skills, in that if presented with a disease process that is a community based illness, then they must investigate the origination, recognize that there may be multiple factors involved and diagnose and develop a plan of care to treat. A community or public health nurse is an autonomous figure in that they must treat each case as an individual case until or unless there are similar cases. in the case of individual cases, a diagnosis and treatment plan based on evidenced based practices must be put into place, taking into consideration, the patients resources and the community...
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...Pre 20th Century Mental Institutions|| Melissa Hook HSP 3M1 |October 1st, 2011| A Cruel Fate: Torture in the Asylums Since the dawn of time, human nature has proven to be uncompassionate, aggressive and horrific. This idea is ultimately evident as we examine the horrendous procedures, and conditions of pre 20th century insane asylums. In his Journal of Social History, C. Rosenberg (1997) writes “Institutions traditionally seen as expressions of reform and benevolence have increasingly come to be seen as modes of enforcing social control”. Regardless of the barbaric and obscene methods of treatment, mental institutions were notorious for their insanely high levels of social control and complete ignorance of the rights of the patients. Inhabitants of these institutions experienced harsh and sometimes life threatening living conditions, and very poor nutrition and treatment. Essentially, the inmates of pre 20th century insane asylums were treated in a comparable manor as to that of an animal. The seriousness of these conditions is affirmed in the article, A Historical Sketch of the Emergence of Liverpool Psychiatry (Valliant 1963). The author states that these unfortunates were confined and cruelly repressed, beaten, starved, and manacled for acts over which they had no control. They were kept in filthy rat-inrested dungeons without light or clothing and the only medical treatments were shots in the dark such as ‘Whirling Chairs’ ( para- 3 Valliant 1963). Figure 1.1 (1949)...
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...Mental Health Nursing By Neil Drummond Essay 3048 words Care Plan 1676 words Overall wordage 7186 The aim of this essay is to show how I have formed, maintained and disengaged from a therapeutic relationship within a practice setting. This will include a profile of the client from their perspective. For the purpose of this essay, the therapeutic relationship was formed within the community mental health team. Their role is the primary intervention service promoting awareness, growth and helping people to work through difficulties (Mind.org, 2013). The interventions provided aim to facilitate comfort, support and a provision of care. The client I have chosen to write this essay on is called Angelo. Angelo is a fictitious name created to protect the individual’s right to confidentiality (NHS, 2012, N.M.C, 2008). The interaction was conducted because of a 6 month cognitive enhancer medication (galantamine) review. I will show an understanding of the importance of a therapeutic relationship building and the values that influence the formulation of mental health nursing assessment and care planning (Schultz and Videbeck, 2009). Appendix 1 will show the plan of management including risk and relapse. Appendix 2 will show the individualised Risk Assessment (profile). In my conclusion I will reflect upon my therapeutic encounter and will address the importance of knowledge and qualities needed to form, maintain and disengage from the therapeutic relationship in mental health nursing...
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...requirements and nursing professional requirements, the issue below. Peter is a 30 old man with a 10 year history of bipolar affective disorder. His history shows that during depressive stages he frequently becomes suicidal and has in fact made several attempts to take his life over the last 7 years. He lives at home with his elderly and frail mother. She finds his illness and non compliance with medications very difficult. His mother calls you to tell you she thinks Peter is going to kill himself as he is pacing around the yard and shouting that ‘he has a gun’. Peter has been very subdued and withdrawn for the last week. You call an ambulance after speaking to Peter’s doctor. The doctor has recommended urgent admission and has notified the hospital. Peter refuses to go to hospital; he claims he cannot be forced to consent to this. The economic burden of mental health treatment in Australia is enormous. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare reported that the national expenditure on mental health services in 2006-07 was estimated to be $4.7b (AIHW, 2009). Chronic mental illness can impact all aspects of a person’s life. Mental illness can be a debilitating barrier to goal establishment, realisation of self expectations and ultimately the perception of a meaningful life. Economic hardships and social problems such as stigma, isolation, loneliness and victimisation all negatively affect the quality of life of sufferers of mental health disorders. Furthermore...
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...intervention regulated by Mental Health Act 1986 (New South Wales Government, 2012). In the light of advocate for the person’s rights, privacy, dignity or self-respect for individual with brain- affected illness the practice of seclusion is the current main concern of mental health. According to the prescribed article, this issue was raised again as a main focus of ACT forum reviewing on the achievement of seclusion reduction, the barriers of elimination of this practice and experts’ opinions regarding alternative interventions (Peake, 2013). The negative impact of this practice on health care providers and mental health service recipients has been acknowledged. However, seclusion receives wide support from health care providers, particularly nurses as a necessary behaviour management therapy (Happell & Koehn, 2010). Many efforts have been made to reduce the use of seclusion but elimination of the practice is still controversial. This essay will discuss the use of seclusion as an intervention of maintaining safety in psychiatric setting and the detrimental impact of the practice on the individuals involved and, at the same time examine on better alternative measures and the opportunities to eliminate the practising of the intervention in different mental health care settings. Aggression and violence that leads to the consequence of injury to self or other and damaging property are considered as destructive, challenging, behaviours in mental health setting, where zero violence...
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...Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, Finding Our Core: The Therapeutic Relationship in 21st Century Advanced ORIGINAL 4 42 June © Blackwell 0031-5990 Publishing Perspectives in Psychiatric PPC 2006 Practice PMH2006 Malden, USAARTICLE Care Blackwell Publishing Inc Nursing: Finding Our Core Suzanne Perraud, RN, PhD, Kathleen R. Delaney, RN, DNSc, Linnea Carlson-Sabelli, PhD, APRN, BC, Mary E. Johnson, RN, PhD, Rebekah Shephard, MS, APRN, and Olimpia Paun, APRN, BC, PhD TOPIC. Increasingly, students from various professional backgrounds are enrolling in Psychiatric Mental Health (PMH) Nursing graduate programs, especially at the post-master’s level. Faculty must educate these students to provide increasingly complex care while socializing them as PMH advanced practitioners. PURPOSE. To present how one online program is addressing these issues by reasserting the centrality of the relationship and by assuring it has at least equal footing with the application of a burgeoning knowledge base of neurobiology of mental illness. SOURCES. Published literature from nursing and psychology. CONCLUSIONS. The PMH graduate faculty believes that they have developed strategies to meet this challenge and to help build a PMH workforce that will maintain the centrality of the relationship in PMH practice. Search terms: Nurse–patient relations, psychiatric nursing, empathy, therapeutic relationship, education, nursing, graduate Perspectives...
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...Adjustment to Health Change or Crisis The following essay will describe the understanding that I have gained regarding a person who is adjusting to their health change. Throughout the essay I will be referring to the patient as John, and his wife as Sally, therefore adhering to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) guidelines upholding confidentiality. John’s background will be summarised and key terminology being used throughout the essay clarified. I will underpin my essay with theory relevant to adjustment and coping, linking the theory to the interventions that were implemented while John was on the ward. Demonstration on how these interventions were effective and significance in supporting John with his adjustment will be shown, concluding with my own professional development. John is 68 years old; I met him while on placement. John was admitted to the ward after deterioration in his mental state at home. John has a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD) and has recently become confused and was becoming aggressive, both verbally and physically with his family and friends. According to Jacoby,Oppenheimer (2003) reported aggression towards carers from people with AD is high and is generally the reason for the person to have a hospital admission. Sally was finding it increasingly difficult to manage his needs and her own health was suffering. John was also unsafe to be left at home alone due to his tendency to wander and his inability to recognise his...
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...Colorado Denver College of Nursing and Anschutz Medical Center, where she held an endowed Chair in Caring Science for 16 years. She is founder of the original Center for Human Caring in Colorado and is a Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing. She previously served as Dean of Nursing at the University Health Sciences Center and is a Past President of the National League for Nursing. Her latest activities include Founder and Director of the non-profit foundation: Watson Caring Science Institute. In partnership with Heart science developments, she serves as Distinguished Scholar in Institute of HeartMath (www.heartmath.org). Dr. Watson has earned undergraduate and graduate degrees in nursing and psychiatric-mental health nursing and holds her PhD in educational psychology and counseling. She is a widely published author and recipient of many awards and honors, including The Fetzer Institute Norman Cousins Award, in recognition of her commitment to developing; maintaining and exemplifying relationship-centered care practices; an international Kellogg Fellowship in Australia, a Fulbright Research Award in Sweden. She holds ten (10) Honorary Doctoral Degrees, including 7 International Honorary Doctorates (Sweden, United Kingdom, Spain, British Colombia and Quebec, Canada, Japan). Clinical nurses and academic programs throughout the world use her published works on the philosophy and theory of human caring and the art and science of caring in nursing. Dr. Watson’s caring philosophy...
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...Vocational Project The occupation I chose is that of a psychiatric Board certification in psychiatric nursing through the American Nurses Credentialing Center. Psychiatric Nurses: Treat patients diagnosed with conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. They’re also trained in behavioral therapy, which allows these nurses to teach patients, and their loved ones, how to deal with challenges that go along with psychiatric disorders (http://www.discovernursing.com/specialty/psychiatric-nurse#.VH6R9DHF8rc) To become a psychiatric nurse, you must first go receive a great deal of education. This begins with your Bachelor’s of Nursing or Associate’s degree in nursing which can take two to five years to obtain. Next, you must pass your National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX-RN). You must renew this certification every five years. Once you have completed the NCLEX-RN, you may begin working as a registered nurse in psychiatric hospitals and other mental health facilities. Psychiatric mental health nurses work with families, groups and communities. Psychiatric nurses begin their job by interviewing and assessing their new patients to learn their history, symptoms, patterns of illness, and daily living habits. Psychiatric nurses care for people with anxiety disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, addictions, substance abuse, Alzheimer’s disease, and related dementias. With help from others and medicines, the nurses build detailed plans to suit the...
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...Dementia gradually robs people of their independence, dignity and loved ones. For the purpose of this assignment the author is going to use evidence based research to critically discuss the care of two couples who have lived together for a long time, because of the cruelty of Alzheimer’s disease they have been separated. For the purpose of confidentiality pseudonyms will be used in this assignment (National Midwifery Council, 2002). Jim Blake’s care will be discussed first followed by the care of his wife. An overview of Dementia will be explored first followed by Jim’s care. Analysis of risk assessment and management will be incorporated in the delivery of Jim and Mrs Blake’s care. Different psychosocial interventions will be applied in the care of the two couples. Throughout the assignment government directives will be used in support of these interventions. Lastly implications for clinical practice will be analysed prior to conclusion. Cantley (2001), Bates et al (2004) defines dementia as a deterioration in intellectual performance from a previous level accompanied by a significant decline in personal and social function. Dementia usually starts with relatively slight impairment but can progress to a point where all skills of communication and self care are lost (Whaley & Breitner, 2002). According to Wilbourn & Prosser (2003), Cantley (2001) dementia is caused by the cortical atrophy, enlarged ventricles and softening of brain tissues. There are different types of dementia...
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...According to Bob Price, a nurse academic writing for the Nursing Standard in 2006, ‘the term person-centred care is used…to indicate a strong interest in the patient’s own experience of health, illness, injury or need. It infers that the nurse works with the person’s definition of the situation, as well as that presented through a medical or other diagnosis’. (pg. 49 – 56) The notion of person-centeredness has become well recognized within healthcare and especially within Nursing (Binnie & Tichen 1999, McCormack 2001,2003). Person Centeredness is also ingrained in many policy initiatives within the UK (eg. The National Service Framework for Older People, Department of Health 2001). Evidence has suggested that implementing person centeredness within nursing can provide patients with more holistic style of care and may even increase the patient satisfaction with the level of care. (Binnie & Tichen 1999) There are a variety of frameworks which have been established to aid nurses in implementing Person Centred Care, and although these frameworks differ they all share important components. Person centred care focuses on delivering a standard of care which include incorporating a patients beliefs and values, maintaining a sympathetic presence, sharing and involving client in decision making all whilst providing for the patients physical needs or requirements. (McCormack & McCance, 2006) There are many different...
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...CARE PLAN: (U40) Name of Patient: Mrs Brown Name of Care Giver: Andreya Owusu-Mensah Date: 04/03/16 Diagnosis of patient: Diagnosed with late onset Alzheimer’s. Individual need: | How is the need met, by whom: what are their roles and responsibilities Mental health nurse | Expected outcomes i.e. how does care improve health and well-being of individual: | Monitoring her conditionMental health nurse | In her case, she would have been referred to a mental health nurse by the doctor. She has mental health needs (Alzheimer’s) and because of that, she needs to be monitored by a mental health nurse to ensure that she is safe. Mental health nurses are also there to assess people like Mrs Brown to be advised of various way of coping, staying safe, improving her health and quality of life. | The expected outcomes are: * Giving the best care possible * One-to-one support * Making people feel safe * Helping to recover episodes of mental health * Giving better diagnosis and treatment * Healthy relationship with mental health professionals | Iron deficiency, malnutrition and dehydrationHealthy diet | In the first instance, she would have been referred to a dietician by the doctor, because she has iron deficiency and malnutrition. In order for her needs to be met, she needs a dietician to give expert advice and guidance about her nutrition, poor appetite, dehydration and weight-loss. The dietician would also give her a dietary plan which the care worker and family...
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