...a *6173350000215* 6173350000215 Student ID: 15891048 Student ID: 15891048 Student Name: Snehal Prabhavalkar Programme Code: AK3711 Programme Description: Postgraduate Diploma in Professional Accounting Class Code: ACCT862/11 Class Description: Taxation in New Zealand (Was 368905) Assignment: Assessment1 Due Date: 26-Jan-2016 Lecturer: Ranjana Gupta Declaration - This assessment has been written by me and represents my own work. - This work has not previously been submitted by myself or anyone else. - All sourced information has been appropriately acknowledged and referenced. - I have maintained and will continue to maintain the confidentiality of any persons/organisations referred to in this assessment. - I permit this assessment to be copied for academic processes (such as moderation). - I have retained a copy of this assessment electronically. Signature ………………………………. Date …………………………. IntroductionIntroduction of anti-avoidance provisions takes very back in time of 1878, since then the legislation has been twisted many times to ensure interpretation and solicitation against potential treats of tax avoidance. Tax avoidance provisions are illustrated in section BG1, GA1 and YA1 of Income Tax Act (ITA) 2007 closely read with applicable sections of Tax Administrative Act 1994. The report aims to throw light on Tax Avoidance by briefly analysing facts of arrangements and it tries to determine whether...
Words: 3943 - Pages: 16
...Executive Summary Currently, Redbox does not have a mission or vision statement out for the public. This is a problem since the mission and vision statements are an important aspect of a company. However, in their 2010 annual report, I did find out that one of the goals of Redbox is to be able to achieve satisfactory availability rates to meet consumer demand while also maximizing Redbox’s margins. Nonetheless, Redbox should provide its customers and the public with mission and vision statements. My recommended mission statement can be found in Exhibit 1. Redbox has been successful renting DVDs ”on-the-go”, however, just like the convenience drove customers to Redbox kiosks, new technology can drive them away. The upsurge of online streaming seems to be the new “thing”. In order to combat this problem Redbox needs to develop a streaming business that can compete with the likes of Netflix, Apple and other rivals (Redbox rivals can be found in Exhibit 2). If Redbox can accomplish this task, it will give Redbox further growth expansions providing them with a competitive advantage. Situation Synopsis (extended SWOT) A quick SWOT Analysis lays out Redbox’s standing: Strengths Weaknesses Cheap Rental Prices $1.20+tax Limited only to New DVD Releases More clients because of No membership fees Maintaining physical stock Various Locations Poor advertising 1st of its kind Limited functionality of machines Offers free DVD promotion rental 28-day delay of new...
Words: 2457 - Pages: 10
...CONTENTS TOPIC SINGAPORE PAGE NO 1. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION IN SINGAPORE 3-4 2. UNDERSTANDING THE SINGAPORE TAX SYSTEM 4-6 3. TAX RATES 6 4. TAX ADMINISTRATION AND COMPLIANCE 7 NEWZEALAND 5. TAXATION IN NEWZEALAND 7-8 6. INCOME SUBJECT TO TAX 8-9 7. TAX RATES 9-11 8. TAX ADMINISTRATION AND COMPLIANCE 11 1. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION IN SINGAPORE The scope of taxation in Singapore 1. Income tax is charged on income from an employment exercised in Singapore and on any income accrued in or derived from Singapore, regardless of the tax residency of the individual. The taxability of employment income depends on where the services are performed, not where the payment is made or where the employer is resident. 2. With effect from 1 January 2004, income derived from sources outside Singapore, even if received in Singapore (except for income received through a partnership in Singapore), is exempt from Singapore tax. The tax year 3. In Singapore, an individual's income of the preceding calendar year ('tax year') is assessed to tax in the following calendar year ('Year of Assessment'). For example, if an individual commenced his or her employment in Singapore in April 2010, the employment income derived in the period April to December 2010 will be chargeable to tax in Year of Assessment (“YA”) 2011. Methods of calculating tax 4. Resident individuals are entitled to personal...
Words: 3283 - Pages: 14
...------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ACCT 358 ------------------------------------------------- Tutorial for Week Beginning 11 March 2013 ------------------------------------------------- Tutorial: Company Taxation: Imputation, RWT/NRWT (continued) Dividend Imputation 1. SpannerWorks Limited is a closely held private company incorporated on 1 April 2001. Its share capital comprises $40,000 $1 ordinary shares fully paid and 10,000 15% preference shares fully paid to $1.00. SpannerWorks Limited has provided you with a list of the following tax transactions it has entered into. The opening balance of the ICA account as at 31 March 2011 was $1,500. Imputation Transactions (a)(b) | 15 Apr. 2011 | SpannerWorks pays an interim dividend of 8% on the ordinary shares and makes payment of the dividend due on the preference shares. The maximum ratio of imputation credits allowable is allocated to each distribution. | (c) | 7 May 2011 | SpannerWorks pays the 3rd instalment of 2011 Provisional Tax of $900. | (d) | 28 Aug. 2011 | SpannerWorks pays 1st instalment of 2012 provisional tax of $1,000. | (e) | 7 Oct. 2011 | SpannerWorks pays fringe benefit tax of $5,000. | (f) | 10 Dec. 2011 | SpannerWorks pays a final dividend of 8% on ordinary shares. The imputation credits allocated are the maximum allowable. | (g) | 15 Jan. 2012 | SpannerWorks pays the 2nd instalment of 2012 provisional tax of $1...
Words: 792 - Pages: 4
...Summer 2014/2015 Appendix OBJECTIONS TO ASSESSMENT FOR TIM BUTTON REASONS FOR OBJECTION Tim Button objects to his Amended Income Tax Assessment for the financial year ending 30 June 2014 (the income year), issued to him by Notice of Amended Assessment dated 30 November 2014 (XXX_24376898/987). The total amount being objected to is $9.15 million in income and $4056 in deductions. The objected amount can be divided into the following: Inclusion of income for overseas work $ 150000 Inclusion of sale of Lutwyche property $ 9000000 Blue overalls $ (500) Steel-capped boots $ (270) Meals purchased while truck driving $ (3736) 1. TIM’S SALARY AND EXPENSES FOR OVERSEAS WORK CANNOT BE PART OF ASSESSABLE INCOME This is in relation to all services income earned prior to 25 April 2014, from Singapore Offshore Diving Company (SODC), for income year. The Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth) (ITAA97) stipulates that only ordinary1 and statutory2 income can be included in assessable income. Including expenses incurred and income earned abroad into assessable income is dependent on whether Tim is considered: an Australian resident, who is must have all sources of income assessed;3 or a non-resident, who will only be assessed on amounts derived directly or indirectly from Australian sources4 or specified within a specific statutory provision.5 The source of services income is generally derived from the...
Words: 3784 - Pages: 16
...Contents Items Pages | 1. Introduction to GST 4 1.1. Background Of Study 4 1.2 What is GST 6 1.3 Why is GST implemented 8 1.4 Difference between GST and SST 9 1.5 General operations of GST 10 1.5.1 Goods and Services Tax (Zero-rated supply) Order 2014 11 1.5.2 Goods and Services Tax (Exempt supply) Order 2014 132. Content 14 2.1 Effect of implementation of Goods Services Taxes (GST) in Malaysia 14 2.1.1 GST are regressive tax or progressive tax? 14 2.1.2 Effect of implementation of GST on inflation based on CPI 16 2.1.3 Effect of implementation of GST on the household income ...
Words: 12413 - Pages: 50
...purposes of calculating income tax. • Legal entities o Companies, which have separate legal personalities, are legal entities. Income flows • Income should be considered as a cash flow stream, where timing is important. • The question is, when the income recognised as earned or deducted (because tax delayed is tax denied)? CLASS 1.2 Patterns of taxation Income tax • Income tax is a progressive system. • Income tax is mainly a rich person’s tax once franking credits are taken into account to produce an “effective tax rate”. • Wealthy people pay less tax overall by reducing their tax burden through using the lower rate paid on capital gains and other tax minimisation schemes. • Total tax as a percentage of GDP is lower in Australia compared to many other countries across the world. However, these results must be considered in light of the high level of income (where it may not be as much of a burden to pay high taxes where there is high income) and quality of public goods provided in counties such as Sweden (which has the highest total tax rate as a percentage of GDP). Justifications for taxation Why do we need taxes? • Public goods argument: the government can provide some benefits to society better than anyone else. Examples include defence, and law and order. • Market failure (merit goods) argument: the public does not spend enough for their own benefit. o Examples include education where some people do not emphasise tertiary education and therefore...
Words: 34901 - Pages: 140
...TAX COMPETENCIES, COMPLIANCE COSTS AND INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE AMONG SMEs IN UGANDA BY ANNET NAKIWALA 2007/HD10/11264U A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT S FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE OF MAKERERE UNIVERSITY September, 2010 TAXCOMPETENCIES, COMPLIANCE COSTS & INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE DECLARATION I, Annet Nakiwala, declare that this dissertation is my own work and that it has never been presented for a degree award at any other university. Signature: ………………………………………… Date: ……………………………………………… ii TAXCOMPETENCIES, COMPLIANCE COSTS & INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE APPROVAL This is to certify that this dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of a Masters of Science degree in Accounting and Finance of Makerere University with my approval as University Supervisor. Joseph Ntayi (PhD) Supervisor Signature: ………………… Date: ……………………… Arthur Sserwanga Supervisor Signature: ………………… Date: …………………….. iii TAXCOMPETENCIES, COMPLIANCE COSTS & INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE DEDICATION I dedicate this entire effort to my late Mother Gorreth Nabagereka. We miss you dearly. iv TAXCOMPETENCIES, COMPLIANCE COSTS & INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Completion of this research has been a result of both direct and indirect support of many people to whom I owe acknowledgement. I owe profound gratitude to my supervisors Dr. Joseph Ntayi and...
Words: 10762 - Pages: 44
...The wealth of the nation is dependent on the wealth created by citizens, that wealth is created by people seeking opportunities to satisfy demands for new products and services, whether being of their own citizens or for exports the pursuit for those opportunities in a cost efficient way leads to profit for the individual and growth for the company. In this essay I will be describing the relationship between Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Economical development. Well, in my view the relationship between these terms can only be explained thru a virtue circle. All of these 3 terms rely on each other if for example you reduce tax rate the government will get more tax going in because more companies would want to move to that country with a low tax rate => increase in infrastructure which will stimulate even more companies to move over, which will stimulate the economical development to increase this all was proven by Ronald Reagan. How do you stimulate innovation? Well, there are many ways to stimulate innovation: 1. Education: thru education you can stimulate young minds to innovate create new creative ideas. 2. Subsidies/funds: For example Israel grants a huge sum of money to whoever wants to start their own business, when the company is doing well the Israeli government sells their...
Words: 405 - Pages: 2
...Week 4: Homework Problems Questions: 14-4 The purpose of the nonrecognition of gains/losses upon transfers of property is to encourage corporate formation. Gains and losses are not recognized upon transfer of property to corporations because essentially the transferee has retained their investment in the property through a different form - stock. When the property is transferred for the stock, the transferee does not recognize a gain or loss and therefore there is no tax burden on the transfer. 14-20 Corporations have the flexibility of choosing their tax year. They can choose to run on the calendar year or a different fiscal year. In addition, their fiscal year does not have to match up to the same accounting periods as the owners of the corporation. In the beginning of a corporation’s life, there is usually a net loss and having a different accounting tax year than that of the owners can lead for a tax benefit for the owners when applying this net loss. In a proprietorship and partnerships generally have to use the same tax year as the owners and S-corporations are generally required to use the calendar year as their tax year. Corporations definitely have the advantage here. 14-22 Corporate capital gains and losses computation is very similar to capital gain/loss for individuals. Capital gains and losses can be short-term and long-term, just like individuals’ capital gains and losses. When a capital gain occurs for corporations, they are required to be included in gross...
Words: 689 - Pages: 3
...Fiscal and Monetary Policy The textbook states clearly that the aggregate supply curve (and the economy in general) is heavily influenced by unemployment: “The Keynesian range of the curve is horizontal because neither the price level nor production costs will increase or decrease when there is substantial unemployment in the economy.” (Tucker) This shows that high unemployment should be prevented as much as possible, and quickly alleviated if it begins to rise. “Our Fiscal Policy Paradox”, written by Alan S. Blinder, explores the current fiscal and monetary policy options, and describes which options should be implemented in order to pull the economy out of the recession. The fiscal options that are given are: 1. New jobs tax credit 2. Government hiring 3. Cut sales taxes The tax credit for new jobs would simply be an incentive for employers to hire more people in order to decrease unemployment, which will increase spending in general, a key factor in pulling the nation out of its economic trough. This strategy has been pursued, but not effectively. The author explains: The government could offer tax breaks to firms that increase their employment above some base level. In fact, Congress did just that with the HIRE (Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment) Act in March. But it was legislated on a pitifully small scale and will expire at year's end. We need a larger version that stays around for a while. (WSJ.com) Providing such a credit would theoretically...
Words: 826 - Pages: 4
...I. Introduction The purpose of this report is to explain what I did and learned during my internship period with T and T Holdings Limited. This report is also a requirement for the partial fulfillment of University of Eastern Africa Baraton degree program. The report primarily focuses on the assignments handled, working environment, successes and short comings that the intern did encounter when handling various tasks assigned by supervisor. It is also imperative that recommendations and suggestions be given reflecting on the intern’s shortcomings, successes, observation and comments. II. Description of T and T Financial Sercices T and T holdings limited is a financial institution that started up around 14 April, 2008. It is generally involved in microfinance activities and currently provides three main services or products which are; small business lending, order finance, and salary based lending. 1. Vision To be recognized as being among the best financial service providers providing customers with advice, information and services to meet their financial needs. 2. Mission To make a positive difference in people’s lives through innovative financial products that are trusted and valued 3. Values The values of ministry of finance are; Transparency and Accountability, Professionalism, Impartiality, Teamwork and Responsiveness and Personal integrity. III. Duties and Responsibilities I began my internship program on 15th February, 2011 with T and T. The internship...
Words: 1246 - Pages: 5
...Environmental sustainability is gaining much focus in the recent years as people are beginning to strive for a balance between economic growth and sustainability. In fact, many developed countries such as UK, Japan have implemented strict environmental policies to enhance the quality on the environment and to preserve the sustainability of its resources. It is viewed that Malaysia’s effort has been marginal in achieving effective management of resources, pollution control and prevention of environmental degradation. Tax Incentives ENERGY Energy sector is one of the target sectors of Green Technology under the National Green Technology Policy. Various attractive incentives are given to businesses to encourage the generation of renewable energy (RE) such as biomass, biogas, hydropower and solar power, and the efficient use of energy (EE). Conservation of energy is a promoted activity under the Promotion of Investments Act of 1986, companies providing EE services or companies that incur capital expenditure for conserving energy for own consumption can be considered for the Pioneer Status or the Investment Tax Allowance. Besides, for companies who intend to implement Power Quality Improvement Projects can apply for Accelerated Capital Allowance (ACA). On top of these, income received from the sale of certified emission reduction would be exempt from income tax. Incentives Available to Companies Adopting RE/EE Initiatives: a) Pioneer Status: Exempt from income tax on 100%...
Words: 3203 - Pages: 13
...MEMORANDUM To: File From: Date: October 24, 2012 Re: Craig - Structuring a cash transfer in the case of bankruptcy Facts Craig receives a $50,000 salary for running the day to day operations of Canterbury Corporation. He owns 100% of Canterbury’s stock, which is valued at $200,000. Canterbury currently needs $90,000 to meet short-term cash-flow needs, of which Craig is personally sending over to the business. We assume that when Canterbury goes bankrupt, there is no chance of further repayment of debt. Issues 1. How is debt treated at bankruptcy? 2. What are the tax consequences of contributing capital to a corporation when the company goes bankrupt? 3. If a loan is structured with the intent to protect investment, what are the tax consequences when the company goes bankrupt? 4. If a loan is structured to protect employment, what are the tax consequences at the time of bankruptcy? 5. Which of the above scenarios is the best way to structure a transfer for tax purposes? Conclusions 1. Debt will become wholly worthless upon bankruptcy. 2. The $90,000 capital contribution may be deducted as a capital loss to the extent of gains from such sales or exchanges, plus the lesser of $3,000 and the excess of such losses over such gains. 3. A nonbusiness bad debt may be deducted as a short term capital loss $90,000 in the year the loan becomes worthless to the extent of short term capital gains, plus the lesser of $3,000 and the excess of such losses over...
Words: 858 - Pages: 4
...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Since the 1960s to date, small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) have been given due recognitions especially in the developed nations for playing very important roles towards fostering accelerated economic growth, development and stability within several economies (Yitzhaki, 2006). They make-up the largest proportion of businesses all over the world and play tremendous roles in employment generation, provision of goods and services, creating a better standard of living, as well as immensely contributing to the gross domestic products (GDPs) of many countries (OECD, 2000).Over the last few decades, the contributions of the SMEs sector, the development of the largest economies in the world have beamed the searchlight on the uniqueness of the SMEs; and this have succeeded in overruling previously held views that SMEs were only ―miniature versions‖ of larger companies (Al-Shaikh 1998; Gaskill et al. 1993). And although Small and Medium Enterprises have been at the center of the policy debate for quite some time in both developed and developing countries, little analytical work has been undertaken in this area.The dearth information that exists among researchers on Small and Medium Enterprises however provides a sense of how important this sector is for sustainable development in emerging economies (Medina, 2001). For instance, recent studies conducted by United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concur that SMEs...
Words: 21615 - Pages: 87
