...Ethics week 2 Team E Week 3 Issue: Team presentation Should tolerance of homosexuality be taught in our schools without parent consent? Does this violate the fundament social responsibility of parents? Week 5 issue: Why should illegal immigrants be entitled to free education, heath care services, food stamps and an assortment of other social service benefits? Does it make sense to reward those who break the law? Individual assignment 1. 5 primary barriers and obstacles that cause us to breach our moral & ethical values 2. How do they cause you to breach your moral and ethical values - Things that cause us to do the wrong things (temptations) ex: how does self interest cause us to do the wrong things 3. What needs be done to over come those obstacles 4. Do this for each of the primary barriers Week 3 presentation: 10 points 1. Provide background on issue- extent of it taught in schools MARCELA Ex: polls, legislature, historical value 2. ID and discuss all arguments on either side of the question (broad implications of this issue) Do schools have the rights where do their rights begin and end JAMES What are the rights of the parents where do their rights begin and end JOE 3. Team conclusion- 4. Justify conclusion, why was one side more compelling than the other MIKE 20 min presentation * Construction (4 out of 10 points) * accuracy * COPY OF PPP 3 slides to each page NOTES Metaethics: understanding where do our...
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...different types of meanings: * The denotative meaning = the factual, objective meaning of the word * The connotative meaning = the idea that words give, as opposed to its strict meaning Think about a rose: * Denotative meaning of rose = a flower * Connotative meaning of rose = love / passion When we talk about emotive language, we’re referring to the connotative meaning of words, i.e. the deeper meanings that these words convey and the emotions that they stir up. Now, the problem comes in where words have different emotive associations to different people. This can have unfortunate results! The following verse by John Donovan illustrates this perfectly: Call a woman a kitten, but never a cat; You can call her a mouse, cannot call her a rat; Call a woman a chicken, but never a hen Or you surely will not be her caller again. You can say she's a vision, can't say she's a sight; And no woman is skinny, she's slender and slight; If she should burn you up, say she sets you afire And you'll always be welcome, you tricky old liar. While some emotive words have favourable connotations, others have unfavourable connotations, for example: * Predictable vs boring * Scholarly vs nerdy * Self-confident vs conceited * Youthful vs...
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...History of Insurance 2500 BC- Bottemry Contract: Take a higher interest rate, if the ship is lost at sea then the loan is forgiven. 1600 BC- London- Eduard Lloyd- First true insurance policy for ships at sea. - Eduard Lloyds company became known as Lloyds of London. - Nicholas Barbon: If you buy my house and it burns down, I’ll build it back for free. 1666- Great London Fire- Nicholas Barbon was not able to rebuild all the houses. 1752- 1st fire insurance policy was written. - Written by the Philadelphia Contributionship - Fire mark: A metallic symbol you put on your front door. Damages are paid by the insurance company if you have the fire mark. - Must cut down all your trees to give access to the fire department. 1759- First life insurance company: Presbyterian Ministers Fund 1834- 26 Fire insurance companies in New York City alone. 1835- Great New York City fire: Only three of the 26 fire insurance companies paid. 1836- Battle of the Alamo 1865- End of the Civil War 1868- Paul v. Virginia court case: The Supreme Court took the case because insurance was not a transaction of commerce. The end result was that the states started regulating insurance. 1871- Great Chicago Fire: O’Leary’s cow started the fire allegedly. Many insurance companies went out of business because they couldn’t pay the claims. 1897- 1st automobile insurance policy 1944- Southeastern Underwriters Decision Court Case- Insurance should be regulated by...
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...Subjective vs. Objective There are different problems that can occur when a politician uses subjective measures instead of objective measures. Everyone wants a politician that knows his/her stuff that actually takes the time to research everything rather than someone that doesn’t research, but thinks he/she knows it all. One major problem could be that you will end up with a politician that doesn’t know much of anything with what is going on in the world today. He may act like he knows everything but doesn’t fully know much, and can cause some problems that wouldn’t have occurred if he would have done research. Another problem may be no one will actually respect nor listen to him/her, because they will feel why should we listen to him/her when they don’t really know anything. Also, they may think that since he is being subjective he is doing it for his own sake and he doesn’t care about them. Would you want a politician to be subjective in a decision or in public policy? There are many problems that would occur if that was the case. You could end up with someone that doesn’t know much of anything or someone that is just thinking about himself. So, I believe that having to do some research and actually knowing your stuff makes a big difference. Works Cited: Duncan, G. (2010) ‘Should happiness-maximization be the goal of government?’ Journal of Happiness Studies, Volume 11, Number 2, 163-178 Peasgood, T. (2008). Measuring well-being for public policy. PhD thesis, Imperial...
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...What was Susan Wolfe's thesis meaning "arises from loving objects worthy of love and engaging with them in a positive way" Susan Wolfe Bipartite Means 2 parts (subject and object) Susan Wolfe Endoxic Accepted by everyone Why is Wolfe's essay considered endoxic? Subject finds passion, object engaging in passion 2 main reason's for bipartite view -Subjective only = doesn't discriminate enough -Objective only = Reasons for caution -1/other leaves too much out Baraka Movie, 3 definitions Breath of Life in Dwelling, Blessing, indwelling Emerson's movement Trancendentalism Emerson and importance of water lecture Boston @ Athenaeum (love of knowledge) History of Emerson (4 steps) 1. Pastor 2. Married Ellen Tucker 3. Ellen dies 4. Emerson opens Ellen's tomb (sees sunrise the next day) Importance of Polarity Action and Reaction (Newton's 3rd law) 4 Main Points of Compensation 1. Proper Understanding of a person 2. Derives from polarity/balance 3. Learn laws through acting and observing 4. Growth comes from understanding and awareness of compensation Philosophy's Responsibility according to Arthur Schopenhauer Tell full truth 2 reasons to not believe in an all good, all wise and all powerful being 1. Obvious imperfections of humans 2. The misery that's everywhere What misery and suffering is caused by and the way to redemption and the way to end suffering Way of redemption is deny the will. Will to live Schopenhauer's 4 steps to awakening 1. Understand...
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...nearly unbearable without the use of imagination. Essay Map: The bleak and depressive theme of this poem exposes the poet’s struggles with finding meaning in his own life, reflects the stability of an objective view of reality rather than a subjective view, and provides an excellent example of the tricks that the right brain is capable of playing on the mind as a whole. I. Wilbur’s Search for Meaning in Life Is Reflected by His Writings A. The poem is written in a style that is quite unusual compared to Wilbur’s other literary works. B. The only positive outlook on life is found while the speaker is still asleep. C. He uses such harsh words as “rape” and “gallows” to make a point about the brutality of everyday life. D. His mixed feelings about life itself are exposed by absurd juxtapositions like “bitter/love” and “thieves/nuns”. E. He is able to find meaning by embracing his imagination as a part of life, and living according to that reality. II. Achieving an Objective View of Reality is a Healthy Practice A. Objective reality, or objectivity, is defined by the World English Dictionary as a worldview existing independently of perception or an individual’s conceptions. B. An objective view of reality is healthier than a subjective view of reality because no one can make informed, sane decisions while being influenced by his own misguided feelings. C. In an altered state of consciousness, the mind is unable to differentiate...
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...Main sociological perspective *Structural Functionalism - the creation of the institutions in society that function to keep society going. Analogy to the human body.(Emile Durkheim) *Conflict Theory- groups with power in society will take care of their needs at the expense of others groups who struggle to get their fair share of societies resources.(Karl Marx/ Max Weber) *Symbolic Interactionism -The study of how information is transferred through human interactions. The issue for researchers studying social problems concerns how groups make their issues known. sociological cannon- the foundational works of a discipline. *Important to the study of social change during the transition from tradition to modernity. Karl Marx- class struggle Max Weber - bureaucracy, ideas causing social change Emile Durkheim- The function of institutions in society. Tradition=Modernity Rural= Urban Farm= Factory Monarchy= Democracy Religion= Science *The works of Marx, Weber and Durkheim replaced the early sociological works that focused on social control had been developed during time of european colonization. U.S Sociology - Social Problems Research Chicago School of Sociology 1900-1940 Examined the problems of cities that were caused by rapid industrialization, immigration, crime. -While social conditions were seen as contributions to problems, ultimately individuals were blamed for their failure to adapt. Structural Functionalism 1950’s- -Seen as a...
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...They work diligently to develop the intellectual virtues of intellectual integrity, intellectual civility, intellectual empathy, intellectual sense of justice and confidence in reason.” Critical thinking is taking a thought thinking about it, analyzing it, and then elaborating on it with facts and evidence. Based on Linda Elder’s argument critical thinkers use intellectual tools to improve their thinking through numerous skills. The numerous skills used such as intellectual empathy and rationale allow for critical thinkers to reason at a high level of quality. With Linda Elder’s definition in mind the following texts offer evidence to support her definition. In John Berger’s Ways of Seeing he offers the problem of people being subjective. In David Foster Wallace’s essay “Deciderization 2007-A Special Report” he shows a solution or choice to the problem. In Leon Weiseltier’s “The Democratic thinker” he shows the obligation that people have. “The Blind Men and the Elephant” shows conflict between knowledge and understanding. “The Three Questions” by Leo Tolstoy also shows conflict between knowledge and understanding but in a...
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...potentially useful) information or patterns from data in large databases Alternative names: – Knowledge discovery (mining) in databases (KDD), knowledge extraction, data/pattern analysis, analysis data archeology, data dredging archeology dredging, information harvesting, etc. Data Mining © Jason Wang 3 Data Mining: A Multidisciplinary Field Pattern Recognition Machine Learning Databases St ti ti Statistics Information Visualization Data Mining © Jason Wang 4 Data to be mined Text databases Web databases Scientific and biological databases Transactional databases Data Mining © Jason Wang 5 Knowledge to be discovered K l d t b di d Association (correlation) – Multi-dimensional vs. single-dimensional association – age(X “20 29”) ^ income(X “20 29K”) buys(X “PC”) age(X, 20..29 ) income(X, 20..29K ) buys(X, PC ) [support = 2%, confidence = 60%] – contains(X, “computer”) contains(X, “software”) [1%, computer ) software ) 75%] Data Mining © Jason Wang 6 Knowledge to be discovered g (cont.) Classification – Finding models...
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...Lecture 1 Introduction to research in applied linguistics • What is research? • Research is the process of going up alleys to see if they are blind Marston Bates, American writer • Research is what I am doing when I don’t know what I am doing Von Braun, American engineer • If you steal from one author, it’s plagiarism; if you steal from many, it’s research. Wilson Mizner, American dramatist Lecture 1 Compulsory Readings Cohen, L., et al. 2007. Research Methods in Education. London and New York: Routledge (P. 5- 47) Nunan. D. 1992. Research Methods in Language Learning. Cambridge: CUP (P. 1 - 23) Brown, J.D. & Rodgers, T.S., 2002, Doing Second Language Research, Oxford: OUP (P 3-18) Wisker, G. 2001, The Postgraduate Research Handbook, New York: Palgrave (P. 113 - 126) McDonough, J. & S. McDonough, 1997, Research Methods for English Language Teachers, London: Arnold (P. 37 - 55) Lankshear, C. & M. Knobel, 2008, A Handbook for Teacher Reasearch, From Design to Implementation, Glasgow: McGraw-Hill (1-39) The distance between theory and practice is greater in practice than in theory. The nature of research 4 traditional kinds of empirical research: • Scientific and positivistic methodologies • Naturalistic and interpretive methodologies • Methodologies form critical theory • Feminist educational research The search for truth • The search for understanding the nature of...
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...There is no easy or universally accepted definition of performance management. Nevertheless, it seems possible to recognize three major perspectives of performance management (Palan, 2002): 1. Managing organisational performance. 2. Managing employee performance, and 3. Integrating the management of organisational and employee performance. (Rogers, 1999) defines that the characteristics of performance management systems for managing organisational performance are that they are corporate systems which include the following processes as part of an integrated cycle of management: * Setting corporate policy and resource aims and guidelines, * Specifying within the above framework, a detailed set of plans, budgets, objectives, targets and standards of performance, and * Regularly and systematically reviewing the performance of all series. 1.1 Current Trends and challenges of implementing an effective Performance Management. How we can identify the suitable attributes for improvement? Filmer (2013) stated that the performance management process has been an established business practice for more than 50 years, yet for many organisations, it remains one of the more challenging aspects of workforce management and employee engagement. Performance management programmes seek to optimise employee performance by providing an environment...
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... but also to act correctly. Moreover, it also emphasizes on individualism. According to the humanist system, individuals are unique and autonomous by nature, rational and free. Humanism also embraces the idea of ‘general principles’ (Idealism), these principles are believed to be equally applicable to all people, at all times, in all places (Universalism). Besides, these principles must also be able to be proven to be true in and through careful observation and rational, objective methods of argumentation, known as ‘Empiricism’. Last but not least, humanism is founded on dichotomous logic, where the world is centered with a serious of oppositions. (E.g. Male vs. Female, Good vs. Bad). Post-structuralism is referred to ‘the crisis of humanism’, where there is a diminishing belief in rationality, absolute truth, objectivity, universal principles and dichotomous logic. It claims that people cannot always be rational and objective, as we are always affected by our emotions and results in being more subjective. Moreover, poststructuralist also points out ‘the repressive hypothesis’, where individual’s unique and innate self is affected by the society and culture where he/she lives, rather than an autonomous being. Rather than focusing on sameness, post structuralism is more concern with differences, How these differences are constructed and how they affect meaning-making. Moreover,...
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...‘Discourse’ is a complicated concept that has developed numerous discourse analytical theories. Discourses are abundant throughout society. Society itself is built upon discourses. Two differing discourses social, and cultural discourses are used to discuss the differences between Twitter and Facebook in the use of branding. Depicting the “social discourse” is “Twitter vs Facebook: Which is more valuable for brands?” an article by Megan O’Neill. The opposing discourse of “culture” is portrayed through “Social Networking: Twitter vs Facebook,” a blog post by Jessica Kim. Firstly, it should be notable that there is no utter definition of discourse. The study of discourse is a vast field, and the nature of its complexity stands as enough of an explanation. On that note, this essay will attempt to define discourse in the way it has been understood. Discourse could be defined as any given theme derived from any given body of text. According to Michel Foucault (1997), discourses are “socially constructed knowledge’s of some aspect of reality” (Theo p.94). Discourses provide us with a port of reference and a way to interpret the world, allowing our knowledge to be influenced and created through certain discourses. Specific notions on a chosen topic have been constructed according to our social contexts; our knowledge of a particular object and are influenced and created through discourses. (Theo p.94) In the Foucauldian conception, Discourse is seen as “more than just a way...
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...Egocentrism in older adults: Paget’s Three Mountains Task Revisited Egocentrism may be defined as ‘the error of assuming that one’s subjective impression of a situation equates to its objective reality, or (erroneously) believing that other people’s perceptions and knowledge bases are the same as one’s own.(Stuart Hamilton). The first theory that was described was preschool (3 to 5 years) Imitative vs. . . . . Guilt- Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose. The next stage that was defined was school age (6-to 11 years) Industry vs. Inferiority-Children needs to cope with new social and academic demands. These two theories are surrender with Piglet the mountain task of logical development. These two theories are described upon a demonstration known as the three mountain task The first experiment is when a child is place in front of a tabletop model of three mountains, and is asked to select a picture showing the view he or she can see from a set of alternatives. This is usually done correctly and shows that he/she understands what they just did. However the next experiment is when the child is shown a doll and sitting at another table. The child is asked the same question but instead ask the view that the doll can see. Children under 8 have trouble with this task which refers to Erikson theory that children need to cope with new social and academic demands. The child basically had to try to determine the angle in which the doll was looking. There was a test assessed...
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...Egocentrism in older adults: Paget’s Three Mountains Task Revisited Egocentrism may be defined as ‘the error of assuming that one’s subjective impression of a situation equates to its objective reality, or (erroneously) believing that other people’s perceptions and knowledge bases are the same as one’s own.(Stuart Hamilton). The first theory that was described was preschool (3 to 5 years) Imitative vs. . . . . Guilt- Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose. The next stage that was defined was school age (6-to 11 years) Industry vs. Inferiority-Children needs to cope with new social and academic demands. These two theories are surrender with Piglet the mountain task of logical development. These two theories are described upon a demonstration known as the three mountain task The first experiment is when a child is place in front of a tabletop model of three mountains, and is asked to select a picture showing the view he or she can see from a set of alternatives. This is usually done correctly and shows that he/she understands what they just did. However the next experiment is when the child is shown a doll and sitting at another table. The child is asked the same question but instead ask the view that the doll can see. Children under 8 have trouble with this task which refers to Erikson theory that children need to cope with new social and academic demands. The child basically had to try to determine the angle in which the doll was looking. There was a test assessed...
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