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One Day Food Intake

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One Day Food Intake One Day Food Intake Los alimentos brindan los nutrientes y la energía que el cuerpo necesita para estar sano y poder efectuar las labores diarias. Estos nutrientes se comprenden en ciertos grupos básicos de los cuales están los lípidos, los carbohidratos, las proteínas, los minerales y las vitaminas (Roman, 2010). Como parte de la clase Nutrición Humana SCI/220 se estará recopilando el consumo de alimentos durante un día regular. El mismo será comparado con las Referencias Diarias de Consumo, de aquí en adelante nombradas como DRI, por sus siglas en ingles. Dichas referencias son un conjunto de valores para el consumo de energía, nutrientes y componentes de los alimentos que son utilizados para la planificación y la evaluación de las dietas para promover personas sanas en los Estados Unidos y Canadá. Como parte de los alimentos consumidos en la recopilación durante un día se encuentran los siguientes: como parte del desayuno se encontraba un cereal alto en proteínas que proporciona 20 gramos por servicio, una taza de café con leche reducida en grasa en un 2% y una botella de agua. Para el almuerzo se consumió una hamburguesa con queso y ensalada, una Coca Cola de 16 oz. De dieta y una papas fritas. No hubo consumo de cena, por el contrario, la misma fue sustituida por el consumo de un Yogurt Dannon y una botella de agua. Es importante mencionar, que dicho alimentación en la tarde es parte de las medidas tomadas para completar un consumo de 1,500 calorías diarias que incluye 45 minutos de ejercicio aeróbico. Al hacer la comparable del consumo de este día específico con el DRI recomendado, basado en la edad, peso, estatura y actividad física, se consumieron 842 calorías por debajo de lo sugerido. Como parte de las calorías de grasa, la cantidad obtenida estuvo dentro de los parámetros establecidos para el consumo diario de la misma. No obstante, el consumo calórico estuvo por debajo de los límites que establece el DRI, sugiriendo un consumo calórico para un proceso de disminución de peso, los valores de los nutrientes no establecen, en su mayoría una buena alimentación. A continuación, se desglosará por específico. En el renglón de las grasas, se ven representadas aquellas que se han comprobado que presentan daño a la salud, al igual aquellas que son necesarias para el buen funcionamiento. En las grasas saturadas se observa una recomendación de consumo de menos de 28.2 gramos. Basados en esto, el consumo de grasas saturadas se mantuvo dentro de las especificaciones, siendo éste de 19.2 gramos. Las grasas “trans” no deben ser consumidas como recomendación general, en este caso las mismas fueron consumidas representando un 2.6 gramos. Aunque no es una cantidad exuberante, la misma puede ser minimizada. El Omega 6 y el Omega 3 fueron consumidos en menor cantidad según lo establecido por los DRI. Estos de consideran ácidos grasos esenciales y su ausencia puede causar difusión en la tiroide, también produce la diabetes, dado que para poder producir energía, es necesario que la azúcar pueda llegar a la celular, situación que se dificulta cuando las membranas son débiles, reacción a el aceite esencial Omega 3. El colesterol también sube a la ausencia de dichos ácidos. El consumo del colesterol se mantuvo dentro de los límites, siendo éste 289mg contra 300mg recomendados. En base al peso del cuerpo, se sugirió 60g de proteína, fueron consumidos 88g. Pero es importante señalar, que esta recomendación puede variar dependiendo del régimen atlético de la persona evaluada. Existen dietas donde el consumo de proteína aumenta para así poder adquirir mayor masa muscular. Basado en una actividad física de una hora diaria, los 88 gramos no representan peligro. En cuanto a los componente vitamínicos, todos sobrepasaron los niveles sugeridos, exceptuando el potasio, el hierro y la vitamina E. En el caso específico del potasio, el consumo del mismo se redujo a la mitad. El hierro alcanzo un 82% del sugerido y la vitamina E, siendo éste el caso más drástico, solo un 22% de la cantidad recomendada por los DRI. Por el contrario, también se percibe un consumo exagerado en ciertas vitaminas como la riboflavina y la niacina, alcanzando éstos un consumo de 235% y 285% respectivamente. Analizando estos últimos hallazgos individualmente, la reducción del potasio de manera constante en la dieta puede causar altos niveles en la presión arterial. Éste es esencial para que funcionen las células, los órganos y tejidos. También su ausencia puede causar condiciones en los riñones. Por ende, una de las recomendaciones es el aumento en alimentos que posean potasio, entre éstos, las hortalizas como el brócoli, tomates y batatas. Hay frutas con alto contenido de potasio como el Kiwi, los melocotones y melones. En el caso de la vitamina E, ésta es un antioxidante que ayuda en la formación de glóbulos rojos, y protege al cuerpo de daños causados por los radicales libres. Ayuda también a la protección del corazón. Es necesario el aumento en alimentos como vegetales verdes, nueces, maíz y aceitunas. Estos alimentos no se consumen regularmente, por ende, un suplemento diario de la misma podría ayudar a aumentar sus niveles. Por otra parte, se observó altos consumos de riboflavina y niacina. Ésta es la Vitamina B2 y es hidrosoluble. Por lo tanto, el exceso se elimina en la orina y no representa mayores riesgo a la salud. Su mayor propiedad es oxigenar la córnea. El exceso en la Vitamina B3 o niacina puede provocar daños estomacales. Ésta ayuda en el sistema circulatorio, ayuda a la producción de energía y promueve la digestión. Se encuentra en las carnes, lácteos, huevos y cereales. También en algunas legumbres y es hidrosoluble. Su intoxicación está más asociada a suplementos adicionales de niacina, que pueden producir problemas hepáticos y estomacales. No es un caso común por medio de la alimentación, por ende, medidas adicionales son serán necesarias en este caso en particular. Al comparar el consumo evaluado, con un día de consumo con el expediente de Kelly Watson, se puede observar un consumo de productos más sanos por parte de Kelly. Dentro de los parámetros del DRI para Kelly en comparación con su consumo, ésta guardó en la mayoría de los renglones nutricionales el alimentarse de cada uno de ellos en partes proporcionales con la recomendación. No obstante, el bajo consumo en algunos casos, la mantuvo lejos de la cantidad de calorías necesarias y esto puede repercudir en bajos niveles de energía. Contrario a los valores alimenticios antes expuestos, Kelly mantiene bajos consumos de grasas perjudiciales e ingesta adecuada de los ácidos grasos esenciales. Su consumo de proteína es proporcional a lo establecido. Y las vitaminas mantienen un patrón adecuado en relación a la acomodación. Por lo que se concluye, que comparablemente, la ingesta de Kelly resulta mejor que la presentada previamente, en condiciones iguales. A pesar de que los resultados obtenidos no presentan niveles exagerados en ninguna de las partes, existen medidas que deben tomarse para evitar situaciones de salud futuras. Aumentar el consumo de legumbres, menos proteínas y más productos con Omega 3 y Omega 6, los cuales serían pescado, lechugas, nueces y espinacas entre otros (Merino, 2010). También se deben regular los niveles de potasio; recomendaciones para esto fueron presentadas previamente.

Referencias
Roman, C.. (2010). Nutrición. Available: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/spanish/nutrition.html. Last accessed 5th Jun 2011.
Merino, A.. (2010). Omega 3 y 6. Available: http://www.botanical-online.com/medicinalesomega3.htm. Last accessed 5th Jun 2011.

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