... 70% of Net Sales. 3) The Gross Margins are equal to the difference between Net Sales and COGS 4) The Operational Expenses are given and equal to 200,000$ per month. 5) Interest Expenses are calculated as the sum of interests based on Long Term Debt (400,000$ with an amortization of 25,000$ due in June and December) and interests based on the Line of Credit (752,000$ at the beginning, with a monthly maturity) . The first has a fixed annual rate of 95/8%, while the second has a annual rate of 9%. In the calculation of those we divided by 12 to reach the monthly payment. 6) The total of Interest incomes are based on the Cash available to Toy World, Inc.. They are equal to 4% (annualized rate of return) times the average monthly cash balances. To compute the monthly interest incomes we did the arithmetical mean of two months cash availability. Doing this we addressed ...
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...SHEPPARD’S Accounting game 1: Deyonne’s assets: 1. 400 sheep 2. 20 acres of land 3. A one-room cabin 4. A plow 5. Two carts 6. An ox Deyonne’s liabilities and deduction of assets: 1. 35 sheep 2. 3 sheep Due to the information, 20 acres of land equal 80 sheep according to the exchange rate of last year, a one-room cabin equal 3 acres of land and equal 12 sheep finally, a plow equals 2 goat and equal 2/3 sheep according to last year’s exchange rate and 2 carts which were traded with a poor acre of land equals 8 sheep plus 400 sheep. So Deyonne’s total assets are 500(2/3) sheep. Deyonne’s liabilities and assets deduction are 35 sheep plus 3 sheep, which will come to 38 sheep, therefore, his total net assets are 462(2/3) sheep. Batonne’s assets: 1. 360 sheep 2. 30 acres of land (which were trade with 35 sheep 10 years ago) 3. 10 acres of land (which were trade current year) 4. 10 goats ( 3 goat equals 1 sheep according to last year’s price) 5. An ox ( equals 3 sheep) 6. A two-room cabin (worth 3 acres of land) Explanations: 1. Although Batonne obtained 20 acres of land 10 years ago with 35 sheep, the worth of land increased to 4 sheep per acre of land. So all the land should be converted to sheep according to this later price. 2. There is no exchange price for the poor land, so it is assumed that the price for poor land is also 4 sheep per acre of land. 3. Because the...
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...Miosha Vogt ET2560 Unit 1 Assignment 1 Chapter 1: Pg. 43 Quick- Check Exercise 1. Machine language 2. Operating System 3. Translation, Linking, Loading, Execution 4. Source 8. Software, Hardware 9. Variables 10. Secondary storage Pg. 44 Review Questions 3. Two secondary storage devices is a disk drive and flash drive Two input devices is the keyboard and mouse Two output devices is the monitor and printer 5. Syntax error is grammar error of a programming language. 6. The loader copies the executed file into memory and initiates execution of instructions. 7. Memory cells are a grouping of small units called bytes Bytes are the amount of storage required to store a single character, composed of even smaller unit called bits. Bits are binary digits 0-10. 8. Three high languages are Fortran, C, and Java FORTRAN used in scientific programming. C is used in system programming. Java supports web programming and programming Android applications. 9. Ram is volatile and it temporarily stores programs while their being executed, delete when computer is turned off, Rom is not volatile the data stored there will not disappear when the computer is turned off. 2. Write an algorithm in pseudo-code to solve the following problem: Input a temperature in Fahrenheit, and output the temperature in Celsius and Kelvin. Formulas needed are: C = ( 59 ) (F – 32). K= ( 59 ) (F – 32) + 273.15 Algorithm: Fahrenheit...
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...George Orwell’s 1984 was written to be a warning to future societies about the dangers of an overly powerful government. One of the ways the government used to keep the people in control was altering their perception of reality using the media. Could even a very powerful government control the minds of citizens so that they no longer believe scientific facts or even something as simple as 2+2=5? Reality is a concept that is mainly based on one person’s belief. Therefore, if they could infiltrate one’s mind enough to redefine their whole belief structure, they may be able to control their concept of reality on a small scale. Big Brother had many ways of altering the minds of the people of Oceania. Some of these were through media and propaganda,...
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...12} \section*{Activity 1.12} In this activity, we want to explore what happens to the product when we multiply two numbers and then increase the first number by 1 and decrease the second number by 1. \begin{enumerate} \item \textbf{{\large When we multiply a number by itself!}}\\ \begin{tabular}{|c|c|} \hline A & B\\ \hline $7\times 7 = 49$ & $8\times 6 = 48$\\ \hline $8\times 8 = 64$ & $9\times 7 = 63$\\ \hline \end{tabular} The general equation for this problem can be written as follows!\\ If $x^2 = k$, then $(x+1)(x-1) = k-1$\\ General statement!\\ If we multiply a number by itself and the product is equal to $k$, and then we increase the first number by 1 and decrease...
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...1. Why does GDP equal aggregate income and also equal aggregate expenditure? Answer: The definition of GDP, Gross Domestic Product, is the value of the aggregate production of goods and services in a country during a given period of time which usually one year. The GDP can be measured in two ways by the expenditure approach which is the total expenditure on goods and services or by the income approach, total income earned producing goods and services. Total expenditure is known as aggregate expenditure which equals consumption expenditure plus investment plus government expenditure plus net exports. The equation is shown below: GDP= C+I+G+X-M On the other hand, total earned producing goods and services are known as aggregate income which equal to the total amount paid for the factors of production used such wages, interest, rent and profit. The firms pay out as incomes including retained profits, everything they receive from the sale of their output, so income equals to expenditure. Y= C+I+G+X-M GDP equals to aggregate income and aggregate expenditure is because in the circular flows of expenditure and income shows that the household receive income from the firms when they provide labour to them which know as firms consumption. The households spend their income to goods and services which produce by the firms which known as household consumption. The households save their money in the financial markets which known as bank and the firms borrow money from the bank to...
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...may not be interested in the full physical description of the sample space or the events; rather we may be interested in certain numerical characteristic of the event, consider suppose I have ten instruments and they are operating for a certain amount of time, now after amount after working for a certain amount of time, we may like to know that, how many of them are actually working in a proper way and how many of them are not working properly. Now, if there are ten instruments, it may happen that seven of them are working properly and three of them are not working properly, at this stage we may not be interested in knowing the positions, suppose we are saying one instrument, two instruments and so, on tenth instrument, 1 2 up to 10, we are not very particular whether instrument number one has failed or two has failed or ten has failed; that means, which three of them have failed, may not be of interest, rather we are interested in the total number of the instruments, which have failed and total number which have which are working. (Refer Slide Time: 02:04) Ah you look at say a game of...
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...God - A Myth or Reality? C.S. Lewis once aforementioned that God is not the sort of subject one can be somewhat interested in. Yet, if God does not exist, then there is no cause to be concerned of Him. However, if He does exist, then this is of preeminent discussion, and “our ultimate concern ought to be how to be properly related to this being -- God -- upon whom we depend on moment by moment for our very existence” (Craig, 2014, p. 1). Another quote of C.S. Lewis’s says, “Atheist rage against God; however, they claim that His presence does not exist.” The debate of God’s existence continues to grow each day; in the 2007., the percentage of Americans that claimed to be an atheist was 1.6%. However, in 2014, the numbers grew to 3.1%. That is 1.5% more than in 2007 (Lipka, 2015) . The problem, however, is that at one time many of the percentages believed in God. “Atheism” has turned into a rage against God, but wait, I thought that in their view God did not exist, that He was just a myth. Moreover, a few of the ongoing disputes between Atheist and Christians are the Cosmological Argument, the Teleological Argument, the Ontological Argument, and the Moral Law Argument; these...
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...equation for a sole proprietorship is: The accounting equation for a corporation is: Assets are a company's resources—things the company owns. Examples of assets include cash, accounts receivable, inventory, prepaid insurance, investments, land, buildings, equipment, and goodwill. From the accounting equation, we see that the amount of assets must equal the combined amount of liabilities plus owner's (or stockholders') equity. Liabilities are a company's obligations—amounts the company owes. Examples of liabilities include notes or loans payable, accounts payable, salaries and wages payable, interest payable, and income taxes payable (if the company is a regular corporation). Liabilities can be viewed in two ways: (1) as claims by creditors against the company's assets, and (2) a source—along with owner or stockholder equity—of the company's assets. Owner's equity or stockholders' equity is the amount left over after liabilities are deducted from assets: Assets - Liabilities = Owner's (or Stockholders') Equity. Owner's or stockholders' equity also reports the amounts invested into the company by the owners plus the cumulative net income of the company that has not been withdrawn or distributed to the owners. If a company keeps accurate records, the accounting equation will always be "in balance," meaning the left side...
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...(or star on a phone) /æst()rsk/ (/str/) For the phone, always say “star” as in *69 “star sixty-nine,” in other cases you can say “asterisk.” ( ) parentheses /prnsiyz/ The first is called open parenthesis (/owpn prnss/) and the second close parenthesis (/klowz prnss/).) dash or hyphen /dæ/ or /hayfn/ When this symbol occurs within a word, it is called a hyphen. Hyphenation (/hayfneyn/) refers to when you write a document that allows longer words to be broken up at the end of the line (the first part of the word is written at the end of the line with a hyphen and the rest of the word appears on the next line.) Between words, it is called a dash. You may even hear people say double dash (/dbl dæ/) for two like “--“ or long dash (/l dæ/) for “—”.) The longer dash is sometimes referred to as m-dash (/m dæ/) and the shorter as n-dash (/n dæ/) relating their length to the lengths of the letters n and m. underscore (/ndrskowr/) Before...
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...and raw materials, plus fixed costs, which are independent of the quantity of a good produced and include inputs (capital) that cannot be varied in the short term, such as buildings and machinery. Total cost in economics includes the total opportunity cost of each factor of production as part of its fixed or variable costs. The rate at which total cost changes as the amount produced changes is called marginal cost. This is also known as the marginal unit variable cost. If one assumes that the unit variable cost is constant, as in cost-volume-profit analysis developed and used in cost accounting by the accountants, then total cost is linear in volume, and given by: total cost = fixed costs + unit variable cost * amount. The total cost of producing a specific level of output is the cost of all the factors of input used. Conventionally, economists use models with two inputs: capital, K; and labor, L. Capital is assumed to be the fixed input, meaning that the amount of capital used does not vary with the level of production. The rental price per unit of capital is denoted r. Thus, the total fixed costs equal Kr. Labor is the variable input, meaning that the amount of labor used varies with the level of output. In fact, in the short run, the only way to vary output is by varying the amount of the variable input. Labor is denoted L and the per unit cost, or wage rate, is denoted w, so the total variable costs is Lw. Consequently, total cost is fixed costs (FC) plus variable cost (VC)...
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...CHAPTER 10 Properties of Stock Options Practice Questions Problem 10.1. List the six factors affecting stock option prices. The six factors affecting stock option prices are the stock price, strike price, risk-free interest rate, volatility, time to maturity, and dividends. Problem 10.2. What is a lower bound for the price of a four-month call option on a non-dividend-paying stock when the stock price is $28, the strike price is $25, and the risk-free interest rate is 8% per annum? The lower bound is [pic] Problem 10.3. What is a lower bound for the price of a one-month European put option on a non-dividend-paying stock when the stock price is $12, the strike price is $15, and the risk-free interest rate is 6% per annum? The lower bound is [pic] Problem 10.4. Give two reasons that the early exercise of an American call option on a non-dividend-paying stock is not optimal. The first reason should involve the time value of money. The second reason should apply even if interest rates are zero. Delaying exercise delays the payment of the strike price. This means that the option holder is able to earn interest on the strike price for a longer period of time. Delaying exercise also provides insurance against the stock price falling below the strike price by the expiration date. Assume that the option holder has an amount of cash [pic] and that interest rates are zero. When the option is exercised early it is worth [pic] at expiration. Delaying exercise...
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...5. For Ian, his error is that he is regrouping the number in the ones place instead of the number in the tens place. For him, I would recommend that his teacher work with him on identifying numbers in the ones and tens place, and showing him step by step how to carry the tens place over instead of carrying the ones place over. For him I would also recommend using problems that are adding two two-digit numbers that require regrouping from the ones place to the tens place. For Moniqua, her error is that she is not regrouping at all in the ones place. When she is adding the ones place numbers together she is not carrying over the tens place but instead writing the entire number in the answer. For her, I would recommend that the teacher work with her on regrouping, and carrying the tens place over. For her I would also recommend using problems that are adding two two-digit numbers that require regrouping from the ones place to the tens place. For Pablo, his error was being unable to recognize the addition sign and subtraction sign. For him, I would recommend that the teacher work with him on identifying the signs before working out the problem. With Pablo, however, since he was shown to have no errors on the other problems, it should be able to be fixed in a quick mini-lesson. 6....
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...Online Abstract This paper will break down a firm productivity using two different fixed cost scenarios. By calculating the value of the below formulas I will be able to determine whether or not they should shut down or stay in business with changes such as layoffs. In order to make this decision I will need to calculate the firms profit or loss, output price and average variable\total cost. Problem: Calculate the values for the following four formulas: ~Total Variable Cost = (Number of Workers * Worker's Daily Wage) + Other Variable Costs ~Average Variable Cost = Total Variable Cost / Units of Output per Day ~Average Total Cost = (Total Variable Cost +Total Fixed Cost) / Units of Output per Day ~Worker Productivity = Units of Output per Day / Number of Workers The firm currently uses 50,000 workers to produce 200,000 units of output per day. The daily wage per worker is $80, and the price of the firm’s output is $25. The cost of other variable inputs is $400,000 per day. First scenario assuming that total fixed cost equals $1,000,000: Second scenario assuming that total fixed cost equals $3,000,000: Individual Project (3) - Production and Perfect Competition Using the total variable cost of one million and the following calculation end up with total variable cost of $4.4mm (50,000 workers x $80 per worker) plus $400,000 other variable inputs, average variable cost of $22 (TVC of $4.4mm divided by 200,000 units)...
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...CONTANT INDEX S/L 1 2 CONTANT NAME What is Price Importance of Price PAGE 1 2 4 4 9 9 9 14 16 16 17 22 23 27 30 32 32 34 36 48 49 50 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Objectives of Pricing Pricing Techniques Categories of Pricing Methods New Product Pricing Policies Product Mix Pricing Strategies Product Line Pricing Five geographical strategies Pricing in Practices Two-Part Tariff with Two Consumers Bundling in Practice Pricing science Pricing of Multiple Products Products with Interrelated/Interdependent Demand Pricing Practices in Market Economy 25 Theories To Get You Started Arbitrage pricing theory Cost-of-production theory of value Multiple-product Pricing Multi-product pricing Conclusion 1 Pricing Practices Pricing practices sometimes seem peculiar. When first-class hotel rooms in London, Tokyo, or Paris go for $300 to $500 per night, Holiday Inns offers Weekend WebSaversSM rates at Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport from as low as $62.48 per night—more than 50 percent off regular prices. Not to be outdone, Howard Johnson’s says vacations are more fun with family package rates up to 70 percent off regular prices. Meanwhile, Marriott offers advance purchase rates on the Internet for as low as $59 per night at the Courtyard Marriott Village at Lake Buena Vista, Florida. At the Hilton Durham, in North Carolina, weekday rates are $109.95 and $89.95 on the weekend. What is going on here? Rather than a mad scramble to build market...
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