...27 Shall include (a) a disposal plan shall include the likely method of disposal for each requirement and details of measures to be taken to prevent recourse to the use of another disposal method unless that approved by the tender committee (b) Planning for a disposal activity shall take into account the allocation of biddable lots to ensure that requirements are not split up without justifiable reason (c) The disposal stores and equipments shall be aggregated for all departments of a procuring entity; (d) The aggregation of disposal requirements shall take into account- (i) the market relationships between the items if any; (ii) items which are of a similar nature and are likely to attract the same potential bidders; (iii) the optimum size and type of contract to attract the greatest and most responsive competition or the best prices; (iv) items which shall be subject to the same method of procurement and bidding conditions; (v) items which shall be subject to the same conditions of contract; (vi) the appropriate size of contract to facilitate the application of any preference and reservation scheme. (e) a procuring entity shall not, with the intention of avoiding a particular method of disposal or the benefits of scale, split up disposal requirements which can be disposed of as a unit. (f) Splitting of disposal requirements, which are broadly similar or related, shall only be permitted when the split offers clear economic or technical advantages. (2) Where assets...
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...staffing, leading /directing, and controlling our organization (in this case my house). All this is done by resourcing, encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources. |My Mother “The Best Manager” | |Time |Activity |Functionality |Learning | |0500-0530 Hrs |Waking up on time despite of |Planning |Time management | | |working late last night |Organising |Organisational commitment | | | |Leading |Consistency | | | | |Work dedication | | | | |Work motivation | | | | |Impression...
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...ACCG330: Strategic Management Accounting LECTURE 12 CONTROL PROBLEMS AND PRACTICES IN MULTINATIONAL ORGANISATIONS ACCG330 Readings: Anthony & Govindarajan (2007, pp.678-696) ACCG330 Strategic Management Accounting Session 1, 2012 Learning Objectives 1. Describe management control problems and practices in multinational corporations. 2. Explain problems and issues associated with global organisations: i. Cultural differences and their impact on management controls. ii. Transfer pricing and related issues in multinational corporations. iii. Effects of exchange rates on multinational corporations and control system design issues. ACCG330 Strategic Management Accounting Session 1, 2012 1 Nature of Multinational Corporations (MNCs) • What is a Multinational Corporation? – A corporation that owns and operates production facilities in two or more countries. OR – A corporation with power to coordinate and control operations in two or more countries without owning them. • Typically have Headquarters in the country of origin • Build or acquire affiliates or subsidiaries in other countries (the host nation) ACCG330 Strategic Management Accounting Session 1, 2012 Basic Structures of MNCs • A number of basic structures exist that permit an MNC to operate and compete internationally – Structure must meet the need of both the local market and the home-office strategy of globalization – Basic structures of MNCs: • Domestic structure plus foreign subsidiary...
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...SStructural Control in Zibo Oceanfar International Trade Co. Ltd Introduction People employed in an organisation work together in order to produce goods or service and to achieve a goal that individuals cannot achieve. To realise the common goal, work needs to be divided among organisation members and then to be coordinated. Organisational structure is created to divide the work formally and to provide a configuration of relationships that can control activities in an organisation. (Bratton et al, 2010) Enquiries were generated during reading the materials. Therefore, Zibo Oceanfar International Trade Co. Ltd is investigated for finding out how the control of structure works in practice. The main objective of this report is to illustrate how structural control is experienced and managed by the members of Zibo Oceanfar International Trade Co. Ltd. This report includes four sections, which are the description of methodology used to obtain information, the results of the investigation, the analysis of the findings and conclusions. The investigation is specified in one organisation. Hence, the findings in this report cannot represent any other organisations. Methodology 1. Interview I managed to interview the general manager (Mr. Bi) of the chosen organisation by video chat. The face-to-face interview is flexible. Questions can be adjusted during the interview, and there are no confusions about the answers. The information gathered by interview is reliable and easy...
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...the most crucial function of management. In this function the company evaluates that either they have achieved the goals which they had set before. If the answer is "yes" then the employees and managers are rewarded with bonuses and other ways otherwise if not then the managers have to take action to solve the problem. It is important to keep a control over your company because it helps managers know whether organisational goals are being met and, if they are not being met so what are the reasons. Controlling helps in employee empowerment and it helps to protect the organization and its assets. The Coca Cola Company uses the step process which includes measuring actual performance, comparing it with the set goals or standards and take actions to address any issues. The managers measure the performance through written reports by the head of that responsible area, through statistical reports which helps managers in making decisions and compare with the competitors especially pepsi. The managers measure the performance like whether the costs are kept within the budget or not. If the costs exceed the budget so managers take actions to control the...
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...BTEC Level 3 Diploma in Business [pic] |UNIT |Unit 2: Business Resources | |UNIT CREDIT |10 Credits | |ASSIGNMENT |Assignment 1- The Role of Financial Resources – Costs & Budgets | |TUTOR NAME | | |STUDENT NAME | | |DATE ISSUED |Please refer to your scheme of work. Dates are recorded when handed out (as assignment is issued at different times | | |for different programmes). | |DEADLINE |Please refer to your scheme of work. Dates are recorded when assignment needs to be submitted (as assignment are to be| | |handed in at different times for different programmes). ...
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...Deskilling Introduction Main body In Braverman’s argument, managers perpetually seek to control the process by which a workforce’s labour power(its ability to work) is directed towards the production of commodities(goods and servces) that can be sold for a profit. The control of this labour process is essential because profit is accumulated through 2 stages: firstly, through the extraction of the surplus value of labour and second, through the realisation of that value when the commodities are actually sold. These two stages are referred to as ‘valorisation’--- which means that managers are seeking to control the way work is organized, the pace of work and the duration of work, because these affect profitability. In Braverman’s analysis the managerial obsession with labour control is the key to an understanding of capitalism and leads managers to find ways of reducing the discretion exercised by the workforce in performing their jobs. In order to exert their own control over the workforce and limit the control and influence of employees, managers are seen to pursue a general strategy of deskilling---which can be classified in organisational and technological. Organisation deskilling is the separation of the conception and execution of work. The conceptual tasks(the more challenging and interesting parts of the job, such as planning and developing new working methods) are transferred to technical and managerial staff, while the execution of the work(less challenging part...
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...Why is demand in tourism different from other industry operations? i. Tourism industry is dominated by small and often owner-managed firms. ii. There is also great diversity in the different types of operation such as hotels, restaurants, pubs and so on and therefore it is difficult to generalize about the organisational structure of organization within the tourism industry [wood 1994]. iii. The tourism industry tends to employ large numbers of individualistic and even idiosyncratic proprietors and managers and its stated that being able to have direct control over the operation is seen as the main attraction of entering the industry for proprietors and managers [Wood, 1997]. iv. Managers in the tourism industry are found to be different in personality from managers in other industry. For example studies by Lockwood [1989], stone [1988] and WORSFOLD [1989] found hotel managers to be more autocratic, assertive, competitive, stubborn, spontaneous, cynical, critical, controlling and practical. What techniques were suggested for improving the quality of services in response to fluctuations in demand? i. The “chase and level strategy” where the firm chase demand by offering flexible working hours, etc. The firm alter the level of demand by utilizing marketing mix [sassier 1976] ii. “Yield management” is used to alter demand by carefully forecasting, overbooking, choosing high yield customers etc. [KIMES 19890] iii. “Intelligence enhancement strategy” is used to analyse historical...
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...In-class activity 1: Identifying control problems and MCS Source case / paper: Wong’s Pharmacy (textbook p. 20) AND Leo’s Four-Plex Theater (textbook p. 19) In-class activity questions / objectives: Wong’s Pharmacy: 1. What is the main problem facing Wong’s pharmacy? 2. What options are available to Thomas Wong? Leo’s Four-Plex Theater: 3. What are the key controls problems at Leo’s Four-Plex Theater? 4. State the control measures implemented in the theatre and the purpose and limitations of each 5. Are the problems caused primarily by inadequate existing controls and what improvements would you suggest? In-class activity 2: The role of management accounting information in controlling an organisation Source case / paper: Kaplan, R. S., 1984, The Evolution of Management Accounting, The Accounting Review, Vol. LIX, No. 3, pp. 390-418 (SO page 92 to 120). In-class activity questions / objectives: 1. What is the role of accounting information in controlling an organisation? 2. Outline the historical development of the use of management accounting information to control organisations. 3. Why may profit not be a good criterion to “motivate and evaluate short-term performance” in all cases? In-class activity 3: Controls at the Bellagio Casino Resort Source case / paper: Case Study: Controls at the Bellagio Casino Resort (textbook p. 134) In-class activity questions / objectives: Focus on the three key roles at three levels of authority in the...
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...to maintain position through security needs by task-related activities. After taking the LSI survey my primary and secondary styles of thinking fall under aggressive/defensive thinking. My limiting style of thinking falls under passive/defensive thinking. My primary thinking style, power, measures your self-worth to a degree that we can control and dominate others. Power thinkers lack confidence in others and try to establish their feelings of self-importance. Power thinkers are characterized to be aggressive and to have a rigid way of thinking. Power thinkers have a high need for control, power, prestige, and status. Power thinkers dictate the actions of others and they are threatened by undermined authority. Consequently, the qualities I found to be true about me regarding power is that I have a lot of aggression, lack confidence in others, and I have a high need of control and influence. At work I like to influence my coworkers to strive high and push towards things that they will improve their lives. I like to try and control my relationships and daily activities. Also, I have a tendency of trying to control situations that I have no control over. Furthermore, I disagree with the power style characterization. I use power to keep my daughters in line and my life in order. I...
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...levels are at analyzing the environment? 2. “To manage transactions with the organizational environment effectively, managers should chart the forces in the organization’s specific and general environments, noting (a) the number of forces that will affect the organization, (b) the pattern of interconnectedness or linkages between these forces, (c) how rapidly these forces change, and (d) the extent and nature of competition, which affects how rich or poor the environment is.” (Managerial Implications, p. 73) Conduct a specific analysis of Yahoo’s environment, identifying each of the 4 factors listed above. 3. “Taking that analysis, managers should plan how to deal with contingencies. Designing inter-organizational strategies to control and secure access to scarce and valuable resources in the environment in which they operate is the first state in this process” (Managerial Implications, p. 73) 4. How is Resource Dependence Theory illustrated in Yahoo’s relations with its environment? 5. Illustrate the concepts of symbiotic and competitive interdependence, using Yahoo’s case history. Did Yahoo effectively manage its interdepencies? 6. As a consumer, how would you rate Yahoo against its major competitor Google? Why? Part I. Identification of Problems (2-4 pages) Using only the information provided in the case, identify and explain the problems that the company is having. In...
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...Telstra suffered from an embarrassing situation which risked losing its position of dominance. The main reason for this is that its management structure, that is, classical management. The report will argue that the problem of classical management and offer a recommendation for this situation. From this case, it is clearly to identify the management problem is that classical management. There are some facts, which can prove this. One of the fact is that the organization assets were privatised in a way that allowed the organization to function as a monopoly. In addition, another fact is that Telstra block competitors' access to the network. Both of these examples emphasize Telstra aimed at controlling others. Telstra control market by controlling competitors in order that it is a monopoly. According to William C, the classical management focus is controlling others(1992). In terms of investment, Telstra invest $300 million in upgrading network, and they want to get all providers to use this network. This means Telstra maximize return on investment, they also focus on short-term goals. William C stated that the classical management revolves managers are seen as keepers of scorecards who manage toward short-term goals and they maximize return on investment(1992). All of this facts are in accordance with classical management models. In view of the above-mentioned facts, a recommendation is provided. Telstra should adopt new paradigm management. According to William C, the...
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...the storage of products, and their primary purpose is to maximize the usage of available storage space. Distribution centers emphasize the rapid movement of products through a facility, and they attempt to maximize the throughput. 4. Cross-docking is a process where a product is received in a facility, occasionally married with product going to the same destination, then shipped at the earliest opportunity, without going into long-term storage. This could affect warehousing design as cross-docking is more desirable by allowing more receiving and outgoing delivery doors, or a bigger floor space to handle more product movements. 6. The advantages of private warehousing are: cost is spread over more units of inventory, more control over storage needs, control over product placement within the facility, and access to product whenever the company needs. A few disadvantages are: initial cost is very high, fluctuating demand means loss of productive space, high interest rates cause more cost for financing, and a reduction in the company’s flexibility in relation to their external environment. 11. The trade-off between order-picking versus stock-replenishing is: keeping both teams working on the same floor at the same time will save on managerial personnel being needed, it will also cause congestion. 18. To start with, hazardous materials means that enhanced security focusing on people, facilities, and processes must occur. Secondly, proper documentation and signage needs to be able...
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...INTRODUCTION Every human been has several needs and desires. But no individual can satisfy all his wants. Therefore, people work together to meet their mutual needs which they cannot fulfill individually. Moreover, man is a social being as he likes to live together with other people. It is by working and living together in organized groups and institutions that people satisfy their economic and social needs. As a results there are several types of groups, eg..; family, school, government, army, a business firm, a cricket team and the like. Such formal groups can achieve their goals effectively only when the efforts of the people working in these groups are properly coordinated and controlled. The task of getting results through others by coordinating their efforts is known as management. Just as the mind coordinates and regulates all the activity of a person, management coordinates and regulates the activities of various members of an organization. Every organization, regardless of size, has developed and implemented its own management in order for it to run smoothly and accomplish the vision, goals and objectives it has set forth. As such, the basic function of management, broken down into four different areas, allow for it to handle strategic, technical and operational decisions for the organization. The four function of management are: planning, organizing, directing and controlling. PLANNING Planning is the core area of all function of management. It is the foundation...
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...in our Contemporary Management textbook, our class was assigned to determine if Mr. Edens’ behavior was ethical and acceptable or unethical and unacceptable. Secondly, we needed to provide the rationale for our answers and provide examples. Mr. Edens has created a highly controlled workplace with close manager supervision and surveillance. Even though I don’t agree with this environment, I think Mr. Edens’ behavior has been ethical and acceptable. Lockbox Processing: No Place to Hide Mr. Edens’ company, Electronic Banking System Inc., specializes in “lockbox processing.” Due to the sensitive nature of this financial service, Mr. Edens has implemented many controls to monitor his employees. Workers handle thousands of dollars in checks and cash, and thus they need to be monitored closely. These controls are designed to limit theft which reassures customers that their money is safe. Managers sit at the front of the room on raised platforms; other supervisors watch employees from the rear. While some may consider this approach intrusive, these techniques exist in many workplaces today where employees come in direct contact with money. Mr. Edens’ employees work in an area called “the cage.” No talking is permitted, the windows are covered, and many common items that workers usually have at their desks are banned. Mr. Edens is able to monitor this environment with a series of eight cameras which have the ability to zoom in closer on employee’s activities. Personally...
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