...Motivation Theories to Influence the Behaviour of People in Organizations. In: Business and Management Explain How Managers Can Use Motivation Theories to Influence the Behaviour of People in Organizations. [pic] ===================================================================================== [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic][pic] [pic] Explain how managers can use motivation theories to influence the behaviour of people in organizations. [pic] Table of Content Page Introduction 4 The meaning of motivation 6 Theories of motivation The Need or Content Theories of motivation Abraham Harold Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 8 Douglas Mc Gregor’s Theory X and Theory Y 12 Frederick Herzberg’s Motivator Hygiene Theory 15 David McClelland’s Acquired-Needs Theory 17 The Process or Cognitive Theories of Motivation Victor H. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory (The VIE Theory) 20 The Reinforcement Theory 23 Conclusion 26 Bibliography 28 Introduction Understanding people’s perceptions, attitudes, motivations and behaviours is extremely important for achieving both managerial and organisational effectiveness. To get the very best out of people in work settings, managers constantly need knowledge about the behaviour of individuals and groups in organisations; they also need to be aware of the organisational and environmental variables that can potentially affect human behaviour. They need...
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...Contemporary Theories of Motivation Introduction Understanding people’s perceptions, attitudes, motivations and behaviours is extremely important for achieving both managerial and organisational effectiveness. To get the very best out of people in work settings, managers constantly need knowledge about the behaviour of individuals and groups in organisations; they also need to be aware of the organisational and environmental variables that can potentially affect human behaviour. They need to understand, anticipate, modify and improve behaviours that are organizationally meaningful and relevant. The contribution of people, through their motivation and commitment, and dedicated behaviour towards the goals and objectives of the organisation, remain the single most important factor in making organisations better and more effective. Some people like their jobs and work harder as well as smarter. They are also very proud of the organizations for which they work. Other people simply dislike their jobs and would do anything just to avoid working. They would also prefer, if given the choice, to leave the organization. Motivation is the willingness to exert high levels of effort to organizational goals, conditioned by the effort’s ability to satisfy some individual need. This need is the internal state that makes certain outcomes appear attractive. Motivation is also the process that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal...
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...Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems 8(1), 34-48, 2010 COMPLEXITY IN ORGANIZATIONS AND ENVIRONMENT - ADAPTIVE CHANGES AND ADAPTIVE DECISION-MAKING Robert Fabac* Faculty of Organization and Informatics, University of Zagreb Varaždin, Croatia Regular article Received: 14. May 2010. Accepted: 30. June 2010. ABSTRACT The features of complexity are ever more present in modern organizations and in environments in which they operate, trying to survive and be as competitive as possible.) In the processes of, the socalled emergence, the formal organizational structure, designed purposefully and with a plan, is going through a change due to complexity and the need for adaptation. As a result, there is a variety of new informal groups. At the same time, the intended structural changes and business process changes occur because of the perception that the leadership and senior organizational management have of the strategic situation. Managers in modern organizations often use business intelligence (BI) systems when making important business decisions. These systems offer support to the decision-making by gathering and processing relevant data and information about the company performance, but also about the data on conditions in close and remote environment. A modern company is characterized by the complex adaptive system, but the environment in which it operates together with other business subjects (agents) is also complex. Consequently, the requirements for appropriate...
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...Contents Relevant Theory................................................................................................... 3 Summary of Findings........................................................................................... 4 Analysis of Interview........................................................................................... 5 Recommendations................................................................................................. 7 New Business Realities & Thinking Habits....................................................... 7 Reflections and Evaluations................................................................................ 8 References............................................................................................................. 9 Relevant Theory I have chosen chaos and complexity theory to discuss and evaluate for this project. Under chaos and complexity theory, organizational structures served to create boundaries between everything and prescribed who did what. The organization treated people like machines, assigning them specific roles, duties, and responsibilities while ignoring their other abilities, emotions, or beliefs. The interview summary will display the company as chaotic but a self-organization entity. Beneath all structures and behaviors resides the real creator – dynamic processes. Confusion is part of a much deeper process of organization. It is in this confusion...
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...Diploma in Business Completion date 10.10.2013 Assessor name U KAUNG MYAT HTUT Submitted on 10.10.2013 Unit number and title Unit 2- Organisations and Behaviour H/601/0551 Assignment Report on Organizations and their Behaviour title In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidence against the following criteria. Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be found. Criteria referenc e 1.1 To achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the student is able to: Compare and contrast different organisational structures and culture Explain how the relationship between an organisation`s structure and culture can impact on the performance of the business Discuss the factors which influence individual behaviour at work Explain how organisational theory underpins the practice of management Evaluate the different approaches to management used by different organisations Compare the effectiveness of leadership styles Discuss the impact that leadership styles may have on motivation in organisations in periods of change Compare different motivational theories Task no. 1 Evidence 3-4 1.2 1 4-5 1.3 2 5 2.2 2 6 2.3 3 6 2.1 4 7-8 3.1 4 8-10 3.2 8-10 3.3 Evaluate the usefulness of motivation theory for managers Explain the nature of groups and group behaviour within organisation Discuss factors that may promote or inhibit the development of the effective teamwork Evaluate the impact of technology on team...
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...EMPLOYEE BEHAVIOUR AND MOTIVATION CONTENTS Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 4 2.0 Employee Behaviour 5 Performance Behaviour 5 Organisational Citizenship 5 Counterproductive Behaviours 5 3.1 Motivation 6 3.1 Motivation Theories 6 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Teory 6 Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory 7 Achievement/Acquired Need Theory 8 4.0 Techniques of Motivation 9 5.0 Conclusion 10 6.0 Annexure 11 7.0 Refernces 12 1.0 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this assignment is to understand the Employee behaviour and how the employee gets motivated. Furthermore, Employee behaviour has changed in many years, for an instance, there are different ways an individual handles and responds to a situation, One Individual can handle the stress situation in a calm and quiet way, but another individual would be having a very difficult time facing the challenge and the stress in a working environment. In this assignment the employee behaviour would be explained and the different types of employee behaviour be covered. With that the individual differences among employees such as personality and attitudes, how it affects their jobs would be explained as well. And in this assignment I will be also talking about the People who are suitable for the job, in other words matching people and jobs and with that how an individual is motivated and what can an organization do to motivate employees like providing attractive incentives, recognition, rewards...
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...Question: (i.) Critically evaluate the classical theory of organization and management in the light of contemporary business environmental changes facing managers in Nigeria (ii.) How did the neoclassical and contingency theories improve on the imperations of the classical approach? (i.) Critically evaluate the classical theory of organization and management in the light of contemporary business environmental changes facing managers in Nigeria Classical organization theories (Taylor, 1947; Weber, 1947; Fayol, 1949) deal with the formal organization and concepts to increase management efficiency. Taylor presented scientific management concepts, Weber gave the bureaucratic approach, and Fayol developed the administrative theory of the organization. They all contributed significantly to the development of classical organization theory. Taylor's scientific management approach The scientific management approach developed by Taylor is based on the concept of planning of work to achieve efficiency, standardization, specialization and simplification. Acknowledging that the approach to increased productivity was through mutual trust between management and workers, Taylor suggested that, to increase this level of trust, • the advantages of productivity improvement should go to workers, • physical stress and anxiety should be eliminated as ...
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...1 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. Which of these statements about the field of organizational behaviour is FALSE? A Organizational behaviour scholars study individual, team and structural characteristics that influence . behaviour within organizations. B. Leadership, communication and other organizational behaviour topics were not discussed by scholars until the 1940s. C. Organizational behaviour emerged as a distinct field around the 1940s. D. The field of OB has adopted concepts and theories from other fields of inquiry. E. OB scholars study what people think, feel and do in and around organizations. Which of these statements about the field of organizational behaviour is TRUE? A. Organizational behaviour emerged as a distinct field during the 1980s. B. The origins of some organizational behaviour concepts date back to Plato and other Greek philosophers. C. Information technology has almost no effect on organizational behaviour. D.The field of organizational behaviour relies exclusively on ideas generated within the field by organizational behaviour scholars. E. The origins of organizational behaviour are traced mainly to the field of economics. In the field of organizational behaviour, organizations are best described as: A. legal entities that must abide by government regulations and pay taxes. B. physical structures with observable capital equipment. C. social entities with a publicly stated set of formal goals...
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...a)Organisational behaviour Organisation is everywhere around us and people are the main recourse of an organization. today’s competitive business environment understanding the people who working in an organization is not less important then its overall success .organisational behaviour is concern with the behaviour of the people working within the company. It is the understanding of an individual or a group of people in order to help organizational improvement and its effectiveness Organisational behaviour and management theory are closely related. the activity of the people in an organization can not isolated from the role of management (Rollinson,2005) b)Importance of organisational behaviour Organisation are created by people and its missions are also set by people . People who run an organization are always trying to adopt themselves with the changing environment of the organization and often influence the organization by new skill and development .as people and organization are closely related they are learning from each other .the external forces such competition ,political, cultural environment are also help organization to learn new technical skill and communication. poet Samuel Butler said that “ any full can paint a picture but it takes a wise man to sell the picture” the skill of a Wiseman is worthless without the hard work of the fool people from this we can realize that how important it is for the manager to understand the organisational behaviour For...
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...with,organisational behaviour illustrates the performance of members in the organizations and helps to understand the external environments in order to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the organisations, as well as achieve their own mission(Aswathappa,2009).This essay aims to evaluate the statement that understanding organisational behaviour is important to organisation success. First and foremost, organizational behaviour helps enterprises to utilize the limited resources in their commercial activities such as machinery and land. It also helps employees to develop their skills and potential capacity. For instances, Taylor advocated that division of labour should be used by organisations as it can minimise the costs of production and strengthen the control of labour manually and mentally (Nair,2010). Employees can concentrate on specific task and utilize their strength effectively. Accordingly, it can avoid the overlapping of valuable resource and increase the productivity which is essential to the organisational success. Besides, Fordism indicated that the allocation of work task should be according to the ability of the workers(Brooks,2009).For example, untrained employees should do the simply equipped work. Conversely, skilful and reliable employees should be responsible for the complex task such as marketing and finance. It is feasible to improve the quality of production as they are given appropriate task. On the other hand, the theory of Henri Fayol proposed...
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...Organizational Behaviour Book Notes Chapter 1 Learning Objectives: 1. Define organizations and describe their basic characteristics. Organization – social inventions for accomplishing common goals through group effort. * Social inventions – coordinated presence of people or a group of people * Goal accomplishment * Group effort – organizations depend on interaction and coordination among people to accomplish their goals. * Organizations are social inventions for accomplishing common goals through group efforts. 2. Explain the concept of organizational behaviour and describe the goals of the field. Organizational Behaviour – the attitudes and behaviours of individuals and groups in organizations. * The field of organizational behaviour is about understanding people and managing them to work effectively. * The field of organizational behaviour is concerned with how organizations can survive and adapt to change. i. Certain behaviours are necessary for survival and adaptation: 1. they have to be motivated to join and remain in the organization; 2. carry out their basic work reliably, in terms of productivity, quality, and service; 3. be flexible to continuously learn and upgrade their knowledge and skills; and 4. be flexible and innovative. * The field of organizational behaviour is concerned with how to get people to practice...
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...Clegg, S.R. and Dunkerley, D. (1980) Organization, Class and Control. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. Daft, R. L. (2003) Management, (6th edition), Thomson South-Western. Grey C & Willmott, H. (2005) (Eds) Critical management studies, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Grint, K. (1991) The Sociology of Work: an introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press. Handel, M.J. (2003) The Sociology of Organizations: Class, Contemporary and Critical Readings. Thousand Oaks: Sage. Mullins, L. (2011) Management and Organisational Behaviour, 9th ed. Harlow: Prentice Hall. Pugh, D. (1990) Organization Theory, 3rd ed. London: Penguin Books. Other editions available. Pugh, D. and Hickson, D. (1996) Writers on Organizations, 5th ed. London: Penguin Books. Other editions available. Thompson, P. and McHugh, D. (2009) Work Organisations: A Critical Approach, 4th ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Watson, T. (2011) Sociology, Work and Industry, 6th ed. London and New York: Routledge. Some Relevant Journals in Bangor University 1. Academy of Management Review (AM) 2. Business History Review (Cambridge University Press) 3. British Journal of Industrial Relations (Wiley-Blackwell) 4. British Journal of Management (Wiley-Blackwell) 5. British Journal of Sociology (Wiley-Blackwell) 6. Human Relations (Sage) 7. Human Resource Management Journal (Wiley-Blackwell) 8. International Journal of Human Resource Management (Routledge) 9. Journal of Management Studies (Wiley-Blackwell) 10. New...
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...Before a company starts developing its compensation system, it needs to establish a reward strategy. This is a mix of rewards both extrinsic and intrinsic, that the organizations intend to provide. It is the blue print for creating the reward system. Compensation system has 3 main components: 1) Base pay – the foundation pay component for most employees and is generally based on some unit of time. (Per hour, week, month) 2) Performance Pay – relates employee monetary rewards to some measure of individual, group or organizational performance. 3) Indirect Pay – noncash items or services that satisfy a variety of specific employee needs such as health protection. The first step in a compensation strategy is to determine the role that compensation will play in the reward system. Since most organizations want to minimize compensation costs wherever possible, you have to identify what other rewards are being provided and determine if these alone are sufficient to get certain behaviour from the members. Optimal reward system – adds the most value to the organization, considering all of its costs. Pay policies – base pay, cost-of-living adjustments, merit pay, incentive pay, skill based or competency based pay. Internal alignment – comparisons among jobs or skill levels inside a single organization External...
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...employees of an electricity delivery company located in the province of Ağrı, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. As a result of the study it is found out that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect employees while they achieve their tasks. Another result is that intrinsic factors are more motivating than extrinsic factors. Introduction In order to be successful or even more successful, today’s both private and public work organizations need to maximize the use of their employees’ skills. Human resource is the most critical resource for any organization in today’s highly competitive business environment. The primary task of any manager is to have an organization that functions effectively. To do so, subordinates must work efficiently and produce results that are beneficial to the organization. It is obvious that motivation is one of the main factors that determine the work performance of employees and highly motivated employees are crucial to an organization's success. But what does motivation really represent or why people behave as they do? Motivation theories have aimed to answer this question. If we know what drives the people then we are able to make them to do what we want (Owens, 2004; Eren, 2007; Koçel, 2010). In the present context,...
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...Organisational Behaviour ------------------------------------------------- Title Page Introduction (p5) Part 1: 1.1 Primary roles, functions and activities of different management levels including their interface with organisational behaviour. (p5) 1.2 Concepts of organisation and behaviour and the characteristics of organisational culture (p7) 2.1 Individual contribution and assessing alternative approaches to personality and its measurement. (p9) 2.2 Process of perception and any distortions that may arise. (p10) 2.3 The concept of attitudes and the problems of attitude change including solutions like the learning process and its key theories. (p11) Part 2: 3.1 Comparing and contrasting need theories, behavioural models and process approaches. (p12) 3.2 Problems of motivation and the implications for management of the different theories. (p12) 3.3 The main approaches and recent developments in improving job design.(p15) 4.1 The concepts of morale and job satisfaction and their relationship to performance. (p16) 4.2 The sources of and reactions to frustration and alienation at work. (p17) 4.3 Analysing stress, appreciate its links to personality and recognise how best to handle stressful situations. (p18) Part 3: 5.1 Distinguishing formal and informal groups and their effects on...
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