...With respect to what particular type of fairness did you score highest? What specific experiences contributed to this assessment? My score was the highest in Interpersonal justice in the area of fairness that I received. My interpersonal justice score reflects the relationship that I have with my superior and my perception of fairness by my supervisor (Greenberg, 2010). I work for the same company for many years and my last boss was one of the best ever. He was concerned with family first and always treated all of the leaders and line level with respect. He also promoted from with in. 2. With respect to what particular type of fairness did you score lowest? What specific experiences contributed to this assessment? Procedural justice was the type of fairness I received the lowest score for. The hospitality industry is tough. Often you work long hours and weekends. In the very beginning of your career, you work many holidays that keep you away form the family. When you first start off, the pay is not the best and you have to relocate to grow your career faster. 3. What kinds of problems resulted from any violations of any type of organizational justice you may have experienced? What could have been done to avoid these violations? For me, I feel there is a disconnect in the field due the informational justice. Often leaders in the corporate office fail to provide information and explanations to the field. For management to be successful...
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...Are you for or against Net Neutrality? I am in favor of Net Neutrality. I believe in Net Neutrality and the freedom of speech on the Internet. Content within a site should be free to the public. By protecting open Internet, it will insure that the Internet is not own by only a hand full of key players in the industry like Google, Verizon, Comcast dominating the Internet. What are your thoughts concerning this? My major concern about net neutrality is that few key companies would dominate the Internet. It might means pushing small companies out of business due to key players in the industry would take control over the cost of Internet, speed of the Internet, and even take control of access to information over the Internet. Internet became a part of our lives and in past 10 years most of our offline activities like banking, shopping, and professional recruitment are following the trends and move to the online world. For better or for worse, the Internet is changing the way we are evolving. At “The Future of the Internet” public hearing, FCC Commissioner Mignon L. Clyburn said “New and innovative media companies are constantly starting-up today, citizen journalism is on the rise, blogs have an increasing influence on public discourse, and media providers from broadcast networks to newspapers are shifting their strategies online. For these reasons and more, I say without hesitation, that an open Internet is indeed the great equalizer. It enables traditionally...
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...1. Using examples, explain the difference between obscene and indecent materials. Obscene and indecent both have different meanings but are similar in many ways. Obscene material is described as disgusting or repulsive but indecent material is described as being offensive to the public. Both obscene and indecent can be view differently by the public; however, the Constitution plays a role with indecent material. Obscene material "is not protected by the First Amendment,” (The Dynamics of Mass Communication Tenth Edition, page 377) and broadcast stations cannot air obscene material at anytime. The problem with this is that no one had come up with a set standard of what obscene material is. Due to the difference in beliefs between families and individuals, no two people have the same beliefs and will not agree to a set standard of what obscene material really is. Since obscene material is can not be banned completely and therefore can be view during nighttime broadcasting. A good example of this is the adult swim channel. During the day children can view cartoons like Spongebob and Rugrats; but when 10 o’clock p.m. hit, the channel switches to adult swim when there are show with naked women and sex scenes. According to the U.S. Supreme Court, to be obscene, material must meet a three-prong test, "(1) an average person, applying contemporary community standards, must find that the material, as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest (i.e., material having a tendency to excite...
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...FAIRNESS OPINIONS IN MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS Anil K. Makhija* The Ohio State University Rajesh P. Narayanan Ohio University April 11, 2007 ____________________________________________________________ __________________ Abstract Fairness opinions provided by investment banks advising on mergers and acquisitions have been criticized for being conflicted in aiding bankers further their goal of completing the deal as opposed to aiding boards (and shareholders) by providing an honest appraisal of deal value. We find empirical support for this criticism. We find that shareholders on both sides of the deal, aware of the conflict of interest facing advisors, rationally discount deals where advisors provide fairness opinions. The reputation of the advisor serves to mitigate this discount, while the contingent nature of advisory fees appears to have no impact. We also find support for allegations that fairness opinions are sought by boards for the legal cover they provide against shareholders unhappy with the deal’s terms. JEL Classification: G34, G24 Keywords: Fairness Opinions, Mergers and Acquisitions, Investment Banking ____________________________________________________________ __________________ *Corresponding author: Anil K. Makhija, 700 E. Fisher Hall, Fisher College of Business, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210. Tel: (614) 292-1899. E-Mail: Makhija.1@osu.edu. We are grateful for comments from Angie Low, Brian Nocco, Robert Rosholt, and René Stulz,...
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...Back when my mother was my age, the only media source they had was newspapers, radio, and television. Back then phones only had one function which was to communicate by voice and then came text. Now days our phone is a one stop shop for all media. All together though we do have: TV, phone, newspapers, radio, and the internet for our source media source. I personally don’t have cable anymore because of the dreaded news on each channel you turn to these days. I normally get my news from yahoo in whom I get an update in the morning and again in the evening. While serving in the Military, they told us that the only news we can really trust to be accurate was CNN and the Military News Network, that everyone else was exaggerated for higher program ratings. Should I be held accountable for their information? No. They should be, because the public values the truth and sometime the severity of it. According to Spark notes (http://www.sparknotes.com/us-government-and-politics/american-government/the-media/section3.rhtml) Printed media and Internet are unregulated. They can print whatever they want as long as they don’t slander anyone’s name. Broadcast Media is under strict regulations by the government. The FCC acts as a police agency over the airwaves. “Since the 1980s the government has loosened restrictions on media ownership, and Congress passed the Telecommunications Act in 1996 to allow companies to own even more media outlets. Due to the loosening of ownership restrictions, more...
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...article will make deciding if the content being reported is worth listening to. One of the key issues I see with journalists is they have their own agendas and are not secure enough in their position to have it questioned or debated on television. They are quick to attack their “opponent” with a barrage of unchecked fact-based questions and will not allow their victims a proper platform to respond. If the conversation is not going the way they want it to they will simply “run out of time” and go to a commercial break. Journalists say they are just doing their jobs and want the truth, but I know it’s merely for ratings and pushing their agenda. In researching the two websites listed in the content area, the Media Research Center (MRC) and Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR), I’ve come to the conclusion that there will always be bias in today’s media. The MRC is a pro Democratic website looking for biased media content that favor the “Right”, with FAIR doing the same for the “Left”. One New York Times article written by Neil Irwin was up for debate on FAIR’s website. The article was titled “Why Americans Don’t Want to Soak the Rich” (New York Times, Neil Irwin, 4/17/15). Mr. Irwin’s intent was to portray that the majority of Americans don’t believe in the redistribution of wealth from the rich to the less fortunate. His article was filled with misleading facts and no examples of the surveys or polls to corroborate his claim. The New York Times is a staunch supporter...
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...Fairness in Reward Allocation Name of the student: Name of the University: Course ID: Author’s note: Introduction The discussion of the essay is associated with the fairness in reward allocation that depends on various processes. Most of the organizations are facing the problem to implement the transparent process during the reward allocation because of the individual perception. The theory regarding the fairness also suggest to implement a structured way that will adhere to the policy of the organization so that no employees remain with the dilemma that justice is coming in the proper way. The theory is used to understand the behavioral aspect of the employees and their superior where researchers have given several feedbacks that influence the process (Lund, Scheer and Kozlenkova 2013). The argument is structured in such a way that helps to understand the several aspects of the importance of the organizational fairness in the compensation management, role of organizational fairness in reward allocation, factors that are influencing fairness in reward allocation, impact of reward distribution on employees and how fairness can be achieved within the process. All the processes are discussed with the view of several researches that establish the fact of issues and solutions of the reward allocation. At the end of the essay, every topic is summarized with the findings that could help to enhance the reward allocation. Discussion Operating an organization always needs fairness...
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...interact more effectively with others in organizations – People skills complement technical skills MGMT641_S1_2015_JLarkin • • • • Human Relations Movement The Quality Movement E-Business Revolution Human and Social Capital History of Organizational Behaviour MGMT641_S1_2015_JLarkin Management • Process of working with and through others to achieve organizational objectives efficiently and ethically • What skills are exhibited by an effective manager? • 21st Century managers have to play chess, not checkers MGMT641_S1_2015_JLarkin Evolution of 21st-Century Managers Primary Role Cultural Orientation Source of influence View of people Decision-making style Ethical considerations Past Managers Monocultural, monolingual Formal authority Potential problem Limited input for individual decisions Afterthought Future Managers Multicultural, multilingual Technical knowledge and interpersonal skill Primary resource; human capital Broad-based input for joint decisions Forethought MGMT641_S1_2015_JLarkin 1 The Ethics Challenge “In the Post Enron, post-bubble world, there’s a yearning for corporate values that reach higher than the size of the CEO’s paycheck or even the latest stock price. Trust, integrity and fairness do matter, and they are crucial to the bottom line.” Source: Excerpt from J A Byrne, “After Enron: The Ideal Corporation,” Business Week, August 26, 2002, p. 68 Corporate Social Responsibility Pyramid MGMT641_S1_2015_JLarkin Source: Carroll...
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...0 INTRODUCTION The field of organizational behaviour and the related discipline of management science began investigating organizations in terms of culture as early as the 1930s. The final phase of the famous Hawthorne studies at the Western Electric Company marked the first systematic attempt to use a concept of culture to understand the work environment. While an important step forward in qualitative research, the investigation was rather blunt and the understanding of organizational culture remained fairly primitive during the following decades. Organizational culture works a lot like this. Every company has its own unique personality, just like people do. The unique personality of an organization is referred to as its culture. In groups of people who work together, organizational culture is an invisible but powerful force that influences the behaviour of the members of that group. “Based on John McLaughlin in his article in www.study.com he declare that organizational culture is a system of shared assumptions, values, and beliefs, which governs how people behave in organizations”. These shared values have a strong influence on the people in the organization and dictate how they dress, act, and perform their jobs. Every organization develops and maintains a unique culture, which provides guidelines and boundaries for the behaviour of the members of the organization. Let's explore what elements make up an organization's culture. Organizational culture is composed of seven...
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...supply of information systems (IS) professionals is declining and demand is once again on the rise. With organizations challenged in their efforts to hire additional staff, IS professionals are being asked to do even more, often leading to burnout, turnover, and turnaway intentions. Building on Ahuja et al.’s (2007) work on turnover intentions and using the job demands– resources model of burnout as an organizing framework for the antecedents to exhaustion from IS career experience (EISCE), this illustrative research note draws attention to exhaustion in IS professionals that spans an individual’s professional career. Findings indicate that IS professionals’ perceived workload (demand) was associated with higher levels of EISCE, whereas fairness and perceived control of career (resources) were associated with lower levels of EISCE. The influence of EISCE on affective commitment to the IS profession (ACISP) was found to be negative and, ultimately, ACISP fully mediated the effect of EISCE on the intention to turn away from an IS career. The results suggest the importance of studying IS...
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...performance and their response to their work, supervisors, and customers. The organizational culture at Riordan incorporates fairness, trust, dedication, innovation and teamwork, disability accommodations, performance evaluations and employee benefits. Riordan is an organization that strives to provide solutions for their customers’ needs by exceeding their expectations. Riordan is considered a superior company but, like other companies, they must learn when and how to implement change effectively 9. Select the most appropriate channels to communicate the change to the employees, and explain why you selected these channels. Communication Plan Communications is vital when trying to raise the level of understanding in Riordan Manufacturing during implementation of a change. To deliver information regarding the change effectively it is essential to use multiple platforms or media resources to communicate the same message, and determine who will communicate the Riordan Manufacturing need for change. President and CEO, Dr. Michael Riordan, is the most effective communicator- employees need to hear about upcoming changes from their direct supervisor. One of the biggest concerns will be developing written messages that will define organizational values and principles, and set the expectation for the employees to accomplish the proposed strategies, meet expectations, and achieve organizational goals. The messages should explain the nature of the upcoming change, the process...
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...UNIT: Developing Corporate Culture Topic: Political Organization’s Culture In Pakistan BY: M Muneeb Ullah Sandhu Unit Contents: * Introduction to culture. * Culture of political parties. * Brief details of PTI * Cultural Profile of PTI * Climate of PTI * Communication & PTI WHAT IS CULTURE? Def. Culture is the values and practices shared by the member of a group (source notes) Hence a corporate culture is values and practices shared by the people in that company Key Points Regarding Culture * A Companies culture can make or break the company. * Company’s culture can be changed. But it can be difficult in some cases. * It can be changed as the targets of the company changes. * Company culture changes and evolves over time. But not in all cases if it is strong culture. * It changes from one environment to another. (E.g. Multinational companies) Explanation in My Views: Any human organization develops culture over time, from small family business to global national companies to village and country try to develop its own culture over time. It is like an iceberg whose very small portion can be seen while travelling in sea but the major portion of it is under water, which can only be observed when you get under water. Now, Why it is important? It is important as every organization try to develop its own unique identity. Here I think it is important to define organization...
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...Running head: VALUE ALIGNMENT PAPER Value Alignment Paper University of Phoenix Value Alignment Paper The first paragraph of this paper will give a brief introduction of my company, Coffee and Tea Beyond Retail, followed by an analysis of the individual values and organizational values reflected by the organization. Then, the rest of the paragraphs will examine the degree of alignment between the organization's stated and actual plans as well as the differences in individual and organizational values. Coffee and Tea Beyond Retail is a small business I want to start and will be a profitable private retailing company which will provide the finest and qualitative coffee and tea products sourced from all over the world and packed in a friendly environment. The coffee and tea will be sold in the retail and will be sourced from the finest and premium coffee and tea plantations across the world and will adhere to best practices in environment protection in the sourcing and procurement activities. The mission and vision statement of my company will focus on putting people before products and have a long established and passionately large and diverse loyal retail coffee and tea customer base. The company will strive to provide the highest quality products in the coffee and tea retail industry, at competitive prices to consumers and attain the highest possible customer satisfaction levels, by displaying highest standards in customer service, quality and professionalism...
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...MASTER OF BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATION 2015 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR Student’s Name : Amira Nadia Raup Lecturer’s Name : Assoc. Prof Dr Fatima M Lawal Student’s Name : Amira Nadia Raup Lecturer’s Name : Assoc. Prof Dr Fatima M Lawal 1. Describe how the field of organizational behaviour today is being shaped by the global economic, increasing racial and ethnic diversity in the workforce, and advances in technology Due to economic globalization, many organizations are now operating around the world. It adds a new dimension to multinational operations because it involves the distinction environments, social, political and economic. Therefore, communication and control becomes more difficult. The global economic, increasing racial and ethnic diversity in the workplace, and advances in technology are major driving forces creating and shaping changes on organisational behaviour field today. These factors were equally important and can affect the performance and the company's workforce. Changes in an organization will involve "3P" test performance, productivity and profitability of the organization. Generally people are difficult to accept any changes and more reactive and not responsive. Callan(1992) says that during the time of great change in strategy and organization structure, employees can experience high levels of stress affecting their work and the...
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...development of employees, rewards and organizational behaviors and also processes. Topics discussed within this paper are the objectives and background of the hospital, how their practices influence organizational behaviors, their efforts in making a diverse workforce and employment retention will be affected by the planning. Background and Objectives of Organization The hospital carries facilities of holding ninety-six pediatric beds, seventy-two obstetric beds; intensive care unit containing seventy-eight beds, gynecological unit has thirty-five beds serving all needs of their young and female patients. The hospital being one of the top six has been a quality name for family centered services for all women and children and focuses on children having a good time at hospital by the induction of playful activities for them. Also, child delivery is facilitated at greatest lengths to ensure that new born are welcome safely in the world. In case of any mishaps, care centers are established to avoid any problems. The hospital’s women center surpasses in providing guidance for women in all aspects of pregnancy and rehabilitations. The hospital enjoys its access to a number of important areas. The goal of the hospital is to provide supreme care and guidance to women and children with its top class staffing and doctors. Also it aims to keep its competition on the high end that makes it earn revenues on a large scale. Influence of Organizational Behavior on its Effectiveness The improvement...
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