...Osteoarthritis is a degenerative arthritis, a condition in which joint cartilage breaks down. New tissue, which grows at the ends of bones, now has no cartilage cap to control it. Instead, this new bone forms into strange lips and spurs that grind and grate and get in the way of movement of the joint. Osteoarthritis is common in older people after years of wear-and-tear that thin the cartilage and the bones. Osteoarthritis can also result from diseases in which there is softening of the bone, like Paget's disease in which the long bones of the body curve like a bow, or osteoporosis with its bowing of the shoulder called "dowager's hump," or the breakdown of other bones. Other forms of arthritis can also cause a secondary osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is not an inevitable problem of aging. Those who don't suffer from it may have their heredity and possibly the strength of their immune systems to thank. Medical science is not quite sure of all the factors that come into play in deciding who gets osteoarthritis and who doesn't. Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory arthritis. It is second only to osteoarthritis in the number of its victims. It affects primarily the small joints in the hands and feet and the synovium, causing crippling deformities. This is an arthritis that usually starts in middle age or earlier. Estimates of the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis run as high as one person in every hundred, and females are two to three times as likely to suffer from it. It seems...
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...Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) affects millions of people around the world and is one of the most common joint diseases in the older population (3). There is no current cure for osteoarthritis, but there are several treatments available to help reduce the pain associated with OA. Some of these current treatments include physical activity and exercise, physical and occupational therapy, acupuncture, vitamins and joint supplements, topical creams, NSAIDS, steroid injections, viscosupplementation, and surgery (1-2). But a relatively new biological treatment is being used as an option before major surgery. This treatment is the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP). PRP involves the use of one’s own body to promote the healing process in the affected...
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...What is Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis (or OA for short) is the most common type of arthritis and is associated with joint pain and reduced range of motion and quality of life. It is a vast, chronic condition which affects the weight bearing joints and involves biomechanical, morphologic and biochemical alterations of the matrix and cells of the bone. Common symptoms are pain in the affected joint area and loss of mobility however, structural changes may occur without any accompanying symptoms. In itself, OA is not a life threatening condition although it can affect considerably the quality of life. OA can be classified depending on the number of joints affected, the site which it affects and also the type. By type, one means whether it is inflammatory, generalised (affects many joints) or erosive (David & Lloyd, 1998). Osteoarthritis may also be divided into primary idiopathic or secondary. In primary OA there are no preceding injuries or trauma which could have caused it. The main cause is repetitive stress on the joint and cumulative changes to the joint surfaces. It is typically found in women over the age of forty five which repeatedly stress the same joints such as the knees and hips. Secondary OA, on the other hand, is caused by a previous condition, injury or disease. Injury to the joint, gout, rheumatoid arthritis and even obesity may eventually lead to the development of secondary OA (Koopman, 2000) Osteoarthritis Affecting the Knee Joint The knee is the most...
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...Osteoarthritis (OA), also known as degenerative joint disease is the most common inflammatory joint disease and disability in the United States. It is referred to as the “wear and tear” of joints. Osteoarthritis is a disease of the entire diarthrodial joint, including the articular cartilage, synovium, joint capsule, and subchondral bone, including surrounding muscles, bone, and ligaments (Pharmacotherapy, p. 1599). Osteoarthritis can affect any joint, but often occur in knees, hip, lower back, and small joints of the fingers causing pain, swelling, tenderness, decrease range of motion, weakness, and joint instability. In osteoarthritis, cartilage, a firm, smooth, connective tissue that covers the ends of each bone lubricated by synovial fluid,...
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...Review Article Knee Surg Relat Res 2012;24(4):193-200 http://dx.doi.org/10.5792/ksrr.2012.24.4.193 pISSN 2234-0726 · eISSN 2234-2451 Knee Surgery & Related Research Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis Young-Mo Kim, MD, PhD and Yong-Bum Joo, MD, PhD Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research Institue for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea Patellofemoral arthritis is a fairly common disease, and it has been gaining interest with increasing number of studies due to its diverse treatment methods. Patellofemoral arthritis has a broad range of management options according to the characteristics of individual diseases. Identifying whether patellofemoral arthritis is the primary cause of knee pain and is compartment arthritis is necessary for establishing an adequate treatment method. rough investigation of the literature, the issues of recent knowledge of femoropatella arthritis and the diagnosis and treatment of which were studied. Key words: Patellofemoral arthritis, Diagnosis, Treatment. Introduction Unicompartmental arthritis of the knee generally refers to not only tibiofemoral arthritis but also to disorders of the patella and the cartilage. In particular, isolated patellofemoral arthritis is a relatively common disorder for which there has been increasing research regarding its treatment methods. Patellofemoral arthritis occurs due to the loss of the cartilage of the patella and the trochlear groove in approximately half...
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...Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. Osteoarthritis breaks down the cartilage inn your joints, when all the cartilage breaks down your bones start to rub together. Over time that the bones have been rubbing it has a permanent joint damage. Causes of osteoarthritis A person who get osteoarthritis is from being overweight, injuries, genes, older age, and gender role. Being overweight puts pressure on the hips and knees. Since you carry all that excessive weight it causes the cartilage to break down. If you get injured or tearing something it’s at risk of it become osteoarthritis. You can inherit genes of osteoarthritis if any of your family have it. Once you get older your bones and cartilage are not that stronger...
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...Resistance Training Therapy an Effective Treatment for Osteoarthritis? David C. Posey Greenville Technical College Abstract Osteoarthritis is a very common degenerative condition that affects tens of millions of Americans with treatment options varying from pain medicine management to surgical joint replacement. Because osteoarthritis is a chronic incurable disease, therapies using pharmacological methods are not always preferable due to side effects stemming from long term medicine use. Resistance training treatment is a potentially effective form of treatment, using resistance exercises to strengthen musculature surrounding the joint to alleviate stress on the joint. Several studies show significant improvement in pain management and...
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...Osteoarthritis (OA): Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of arthritis that is caused by the breakdown and eventual loss of the cartilage of one or more joints over time. Cartilage, a type of dense connective fibrous tissue, is a protein substance that serves as a ‘cushion’ between the bones of the joints. OA is due to destruction or decrease of synovial fluid that lubricates those joints. Cartilages are natural shock absorbers which cushion the joints. When the cartilages breakdown, the bones in the joints come into direct contact and that causes acute pain. Cartilages which are located inside the joints are composed of water soaked in a wet sponge like substance. The spongy part consists of several components. One such component is chondrocytes. These are cells that form new cartilages, as well as different molecules which impart the typical structure to the sponge and enable it to hold together....
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...Evaluation of MRI in diagnosing Osteoarthritis Clinical Presentation: A 65-year-old female presents to a primary care office with bilateral knee joint stiffness and pain that has been increasing for “some time.” She has a BMI of 30, and states the pain is worse upon movement, but becomes manageable with short rest. The patient states that the pain in her left knee is noticeably worse than her right knee. The patient is now retired but used worked at a bakery that required frequent bending and standing for long periods of time. Physical exam showed a lack of range of motion and revealed mild tenderness to palpation of knees. The patient denies pain upon palpation of surrounding tissue. The patient also denies any recent trauma or injury to her lower, but stated that she did tear her meniscus in her left knee about 15 years ago. PICO: In patients who have suspected knee osteoarthritis is an CT scan alone sufficient for diagnosis based on the specificity and sensitivity of the test....
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...5 Natural Treatments for Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, is a biomechanical and physiological disease. People over the age of 50, their knees that have served you well for years slowly starts hurting and swelling. They may start making cracking or popping sounds, and you may even feel a grinding sensation in your knees while moving. Physiotherapy treatment in Delhi can help by implementing a series of knees, hips, feet and spine exercises to combat those pains. Physiotherapy centres in Delhi provide the Physiotherapy for knee pain by well experienced and trained spine specialist. With osteoarthritis, you may feel stiffness for a few minutes on arising in the morning or stiffness after sitting. Other symptoms...
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...For those affected by osteoarthritis the quality and effectiveness of their treatment has a direct effect on their quality of life. Without effective treatment, pain and joint stiffening can hinder a person to the point that they can no longer mobilise, significantly increasing their risk of contracting a number of serious complications and comorbidities, such as deep vein thrombosis, pressure sores, pneumonia, weakness and decreased range of movement in the joints. Unfortunately no cure exists for osteoarthritis at present, as the mechanism by which it arises and progresses is still not completely understood. Therefore, the goal of treatment is to alleviate the signs and symptoms of the disease and, if possible, to slow its progression Controlling pain and the mechanisms that cause pain is currently the most effective method of preventing this condition from becoming debilitating. Each patient’s treatment is individual and based on assessing several factors, such as severity of the osteoarthritis, the affected joints, the nature of the symptoms, any existing medical conditions, their age, occupation, lifestyle factors and activities of daily living. The treatment ranges from at home care to physiotherapy, orthopaedic aids and orthoses, pharmacological treatment, and finally surgery and rehabilitation The first line of treatment in osteoarthritis is usually lifestyle changes such as exercise, weight reduction, and smoking cessation. These measures will give the body the best chance...
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...Osteoarthritis is a one of the most common forms of arthritis. It is known as a disease of the joints which “affects approximately 27 million Americans” (Arthritis Foundation). Osteoarthritis commonly affects joints in your hand, knees, back and hips but does not affect any of your organ. This disease gradually breaks down the cartilage in your joints, so when you move your bones rub against one another causing permeant damage to them. My mother and maternal grandma both have Osteoarthritis. For my mom, Osteoarthritis affects her joints in her arms and for my grandma it affects her joints around her knees, hips and back. According to the Arthritis Foundation, “although osteoarthritis was long believed to be caused by the “wear and tear” of...
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...Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disorder of the joints and is the most common joint disease, mainly affecting weight bearing joints such as the knee and hip. Typically thought to affect only the hyaline cartilage, it is now believed to affect the synovial fluid, subchondral bone, joint capsule and other joint tissues. The release of cytokines and metalloproteinases is believed to contribute to the excessive matrix degradation and resultant cartilage degeneration. As the disease progresses, proteoglycan levels drop, leading to loss of joint space, which can be seen on X- Ray. Other radiological features include subchondral cysts, sclerosis and osteophytes. THR was the surgical procedure of choice in this case. It is estimated that roughly 85% of patients who undergo THR have a diagnosis of OA, however patients with inflammatory arthritis, such as Rheumatoid Arthritis and seronegative arthritides may also be candidates for the procedure. The indications for surgery are pain, functional limitation, stiffness and radiological changes. The procedure involves replacing the femoral head with a metal ball, which is secured with an intramedullary stem. A plastic cup replaces the damaged acetabulum, which articulates with the metal ball. The stem may be cemented or uncemented and there is on-going debate as to which is...
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...Textbook Review: What is Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis is the most common musculoskeletal condition and is a long-term chronic disease “characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage with hypertrophy of the underlying and adjacent bone” Without the articular cartilage providing a smooth surface for one bone to glide over another, it will cause stiffness, pain, and impaired movement. Osteoarthritis is related to age but associated with a variety of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, including obesity, lack of exercise, genetic predisposition, bone density, occupational injury, trauma, and gender. Osteoarthritis is the major cause of disability in elderly populations. There are two types of osteoarthritis: primary...
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...Osteoarthritis was first discovered in 1925 by Russell Cecil and Benjamin Archer.Russell Cecil was an orthopedic surgeon and Benjamin Archer was an physician. Cecil and Archer named the disease the “menopause arthritis”. Years later they change it to Osteoarthritis because it was not related to menopause at all,after further research. Now to what is Osteoarthritis is exactly. Osteoarthritis also called degenerative arthritis is a type of arthritis that occurs when flexible tissue at the ends of bones wears down. Basically the joint is no longer able to move without friction and severe pain. Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis, at least twenty-seven million Americans are affected by this disease. Around the age of eighty, mostly...
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