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Outline the Main Reasons for Student Withdrawal from University and Examine What Can Be Done by Both the Institution and the Student to Improve Retention.

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Student withdrawal from university is an ongoing problem for universities and there are many factors which can affect it. The five main factors affecting student drop-out rates are due to students failing their course, personality issues, financial issues, commitment problems and academic ability (Mackie, 2001). However, the institution and the student can improve retention by trying to resolve the issue. Interestingly, in 2007/08 in the UK there was a 9% overall drop-out rate, 7.4% young and 14.8% mature students dropping out. Millennium institute (UHI) has the highest drop-out rate in the UK at 28.4% and unsurprising Cambridge has the lowest with 1% (Google, 2011). In this essay the five main factors of why students drop-out of university will be discussed with what the university and student can do to try and retain from withdrawing from university.
Failing the course at university is a main reason as to why students are required to drop-out of their studies early (Adams, 1996 cited in Mackie, 2001). Wilson (cited in Beard, 1980) undertook a study at Aberdeen University in 1973 to try and understand why people were leaving. They found that people were struggling with their course and was one of the most common reasons given by students as why they were leaving their university education. Another reason given by students was that they had picked the wrong subject or that they had lack of guidance from lecturers. Another study looked at students; some having had left their university course and some that were in doubt about staying or leaving. The leavers main reason for leaving was due to no feedback being given and the doubter was going to leave due to the amount of work they were receiving (Mackie, 2001). Johnes, 1990 (cited in Beard, 1980) showed that 20% of university drop-outs were due to the course/institution which was recorded in 1979. More recently by

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