...CONSERVATION OF LEOPARDS IN AYUBIA NATIONAL PARK, PAKISTAN By Asad Lodhi M.Sc (Chemistry), University of Peshawar, Pakistan, 1991 M.Sc (Forestry), Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan, 1994 Professional Paper presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Wildlife Biology The University of Montana Missoula, MT Spring 2007 Approved by: Dr. David A. Strobel, Dean Graduate School Dr. Daniel Pletscher Director Wildlife Biology Program Dr. Kerry Foresman Division of Biological Sciences Dr. Mark Hebblewhite Wildlife Biology Program Lodhi, Asad M.S. May 2007 Wildlife Biology Conservation of leopard in Ayubia National Park, Pakistan Director: Dr. Daniel H. Pletscher Large carnivores are important for biodiversity and ecosystem function, yet are very difficult to conserve because of their large home ranges and conflicts with humans. I examined human-leopard conflicts in and near Ayubia National Park, Pakistan, to provide management recommendations for the conservation of leopards. Persecution of leopards by humans has been on the rise primarily due to depredation on livestock and risk to human lives. Since 1989, 16 humans have either been killed or injured in and around Ayubia National Park while leopards faced 44 human-caused mortalities during the same period. I examined the management strategy adopted by NWFP Wildlife Department for leopard conservation, identify gaps, and suggest possible management...
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...redirecting the obvious and present understanding to another explanation, or to entertain the reader. An extended definition of a term takes on a much more deep and thorough goal. An extended definition intends to ‘extend’ your knowledge or understanding of a term. The use of examples, stories, anecdotes and experiences is usually used to accomplish this, as well as giving comprehensive information about the term such as its noun, verb, adjective, and adverb meanings, and the origin of the word. Needless to say, much research goes into writing this type of essay. Methods of definition include Distinction, Examining, Analysis, and Etymology. • Distinction: This method explains not only what the term or phrase is, but compares it to other related terms and clearly explains what it is not. Bringing out the definition in this manner helps the reader to more clearly understand exactly the point being made. An example of the distinction method would be a coupon. A coupon is a paper or an online code that offers the consumer a discount if they purchase a particular item. In contrast, a sales premium is a bonus item given to the consumer when they purchase something else, such as a free trial bottle of shampoo when a large bottle of conditioner is purchased. • Examining denotation and connotation: Denotation is the actual meaning of a word or term, and connotation is a suggestive meaning of the same term. When using this method, the writer compares both definitions of a word. An example...
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...Its class is mammalia due to the fact that it has hair all over its body and is warm blooded. It also feeds its offspring with milk from its own body. Its order is carnivora because it is a meat eater, however “although the snow leopard mainly eats meat, they sometimes eat plants. Scientists have found that snow leopards eat grass, twigs, and other plant material… Scientists believe that plants could provide snow leopards with extra vitamins. Plants may also aid with digestion or help snow leopards get rid of parasites” (Winget Snow Leopards 13). The snow leopards family is felidae, this is because it is a cat. The genus of the snow leopard determined by molecular studies and have shown that it is similar to panthera. Its species is uncia, making its scientific name Panthera uncia or more commonly known as the snow leopard.(see img.1)...
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................................................................................................... 2 1.1 BACKGROUND OF INFORMATION ............................................................................................. 2 1.2 Statement of the Research Problem .................................................................................................... 4 1.3 OBJECTIVE ....................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3.0 General objective ............................................................................................................................. 6 1.3.1 Specific objectives ....................................................................................................................... 6 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS................................................................................................................. 6 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 General overview of diseases .............................................................................................................. 7 3.0 RESEARCH...
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...com/smpp/title~content=t792306868 Ethnobotanical Study of Upper Siran Habib Ahmad a; Shujaul Mulk Khan a; Sajidul Ghafoor b; Niaz Ali1 a a Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan b Department of Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan Online Publication Date: 01 January 2009 To cite this Article Ahmad, Habib, Khan, Shujaul Mulk, Ghafoor, Sajidul and Ali1, Niaz(2009)'Ethnobotanical Study of Upper Siran',Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants,15:1,86 — 97 To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/10496470902787519 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10496470902787519 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or...
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...1 Introduction According to the Third Assessment Report of IPCC, South Asia is the most vulnerable region of the world to climate change impacts (McCarthy et al., 2001). The international community also recognizes that Bangladesh ranks high in the list of most vulnerable countries on earth. Bangladesh’s high vulnerability to climate change is due to a number of hydro-geological and socio-economic factors that include: its geographical location in South Asia; its flat deltaic topography with very low elevation; its extreme climate variability that is governed by monsoon and which results in acute water distribution over space and time; its high population density and poverty incidence; and its majority of population being dependent on crop agriculture which is highly influenced by climate variability and change. Despite the recent strides towards achieving sustainable development, Bangladesh’s potential to sustain its development is faced with significant challenges posed by climate change (Ahmed and Haque, 2002). It is therefore of utmost importance to understand its vulnerability in terms of population and sectors at risk and its potential for adaptation to climate change. Increased climate variability means additional threats to drought-prone environments and is considered a major crop production risk factor. The impact of climate variability and change on agricultural production is a global concern. However, the impact is particularly important in Bangladesh...
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...study focused on some several activities for comprehending an overall review. * To identify the problems that Bangladesh faces in tourism industry. * To find the tourist spots those are renowned globally & domestically. * To identify the solution that will lessen the problems in tourism industry. * To find the awareness of people about the culture of Bangladesh. * To understand the perception of native people and foreigners about the people of Bangladesh. * To find which country of origin is more precious to people. * To identify the factors that limits the investment decision. * To understand the image of the government of Bangladesh around the world. 1.4 Research Design: I. Type of research design: Both the exploratory and descriptive research designs have been adopted for the study. The pilot survey is undertaken that is...
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...Edited by Kristen Walker Painemilla, Anthony B. Rylands, Alisa Woofter and Cassie Hughes Edited by Kristen Walker Painemilla, Anthony B. Rylands, Alisa Woofter and Cassie Hughes Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22202 USA Tel: +1 703-341-2400 www.conservation.org Editors : Kristen Walker Painemilla, Anthony B. Rylands, Alisa Woofter and Cassie Hughes Cover design Paula K. Rylands, Conservation International : Layout: Kim Meek, Washington, DC Maps [except where noted otherwise] Kellee Koenig, Conservation International : Conservation International is a private, non-profit organization exempt from federal income tax under section 501 c (3) of the Internal Revenue Code. ISBN 978-1-934151-39-6 © 2010 by Conservation International All rights reserved. The designations of geographical entities in this publication, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Conservation International or its supporting organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Any opinions expressed in this publication are those of the writers, and do not necessarily reflect those of Conservation International (CI). Suggested citation: Walker Painemilla, K., Rylands, A. B., Woofter, A. and Hughes, C. (eds.). 2010. Indigenous Peoples and Conservation: From Rights to Resource Management. Conservation...
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...Twilight (series) |Twilight | |[pic] | |Complete set of the four books | |of the Twilight series and the spin-off novella, The Short Second Life of Bree| |Tanner. | |Twilight | |New Moon | |Eclipse | |Breaking Dawn | |Author |Stephenie Meyer | |Country |United States | |Language |English | |Genre |Romance, fantasy, young-adult fiction | |Publisher |Little, Brown and Company | |Published |2005–2008 | |Media type |Print | Twilight is a series of four vampire-themed fantasy romance novels by American author Stephenie Meyer. It charts a period in the life of Isabella "Bella" Swan, a teenage girl...
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...grammerFrench Grammar and Usage French Grammar and Usage Second edition Roger Hawkins Senior Lecturer in Language and Linguistics, University of Essex Richard Towell Professor of French Applied Linguistics, University of Salford NATIVE SPEAKER CONSULTANT Marie-Noëlle Lamy Senior Lecturer, Open University A member of the Hodder Headline Group LONDON Contents Guide for the user Glossary of key grammatical terms Acknowledgements Acknowledgements for the second edition xi xiv xx xxi 1 Nouns 1.1 Types of noun 1.2 Gender 1.3 Number 2 Determiners 2.1 Articles 2.2 Typical use of the definite article 2.3 Typical use of the indefinite article 2.4 The partitive article: du, de l', de la, des 2.5 Use of indefinite and partitive articles after the negative forms ne... pas, ne... jamais, ne... plus, ne... guère 2.6 Omission of the article 2.7 Demonstrative determiners 2.8 Possessive determiners 3 Personal and impersonal pronouns 3.1 Subject pronouns 3.2 Object pronouns 3.3 Stressed pronouns 3.4 Demonstrative pronouns 3.5 Possessive pronouns 4 Adjectives 4.1 Adjectives modifying the noun 4.2 Adjectives which follow verbs or verbal expressions 4.3 Adjectives with complements 4.4 Indefinite and negative noun phrases with adjective complements 4.5 Adjectives used as nouns 4.6 Adjectives used as adverbs 4.7 Masculine and feminine forms of adjectives 4.8 Plural forms of adjectives 4.9 Adjective agreement with nouns 1 1 5 17 23 23 24 29 32 33 34 37 39 40 40 53 71 75...
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