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COMMENTS ON THE SECTIONS OF A RESEARCH REPORT by Dr. Miriam Helen Hill Title: Be specific. Tell what, when, where, etc. In one main title and a subtitle, give a clear idea of what the paper investigated.
Acknowledgment: Include only if special help was received from an individual or group.
Abstract: Summarizes the report including the hypotheses, procedures, and major findings.
Introduction: Sections may be combined in short reports.
Statement of the Problem: This is a general introduction to the topic.
Significance of the Problem: Comment on why this question merits investigation.
Purpose: What is the goal to be gained from a better understanding of this question?
Statement of the Hypothesis: In one statement (not a question) declare the question which is investigated and the expected results. (For a null hypothesis, no difference is predicted.)
Assumptions: Explain everything that is assumed in order for the investigation to be undertaken.
Limitations: Explain the limitations that may invalidate the study or make it less than accurate.
Definition of Terms: Define or clarify any term or concept that is used in the study in a non-traditional manner or in only one of many interpretations.
Review of Related Literature: Gives the reader the necessary background to understand the study by citing the investigations and findings of previous researchers and documents the researcher's knowledge and preparation to investigate the problem.
Design of the Study: Gives the reader the information necessary to exactly replicate (repeat) the study with new data or if the same raw data were available, the reader should be able to duplicate the results. This is written in past tense but without reference to or inclusion of the results determined from the analysis.
Description of the Research Design and Procedures Used: Completely explain step-by-step what was done.

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