...The Epistle to the Galatians, often shortened to Galatians, is the ninth book of the New Testament of the Bible. The book of Galatians is Paul the Apostle’s letter to several Early Christian communities in Galatia. The churches of Galatia were comprised of both Jewish and Gentile converts, and Paul’s purpose for writing to them was to confirm them in the faith. The truth of justification by faith, and not those of human works alone, was being denied by Jewish missionaries trying to de-authenticate Paul’s teachings. Paul learned of this, and wrote his defense of the apostolic authority and of the correct understanding of the faith. Galatians 2 and 3 are a portion of Paul’s epistles to the churches of Galatia. Chapter 2 begins by acknowledging the people’s perseverance, but remarks on how far they have fallen. Chapter 3 focuses on the application of their faith. This book also encourages the Galatians to have faith in God, no matter the circumstances, and to always show their love for Him through their actions. As...
Words: 1088 - Pages: 5
...without. He suggested that the righteousness not only comes from Christ but is also Christ’s righteousness that is ascribed to Christians through faith. In this regard, Luther explored the dissimilarities between the righteousness accorded to Christians as a gift through faith and Christian’s own proper righteousness which works in the power of the gift through Jesus to do different works of mercy and love. Consequently, Luther presented a Latin phrase that further described Christian justification, “Simul Justus et Peccator” which is directly interpreted as “simultaneously just and sinners.” Therefore, this paper will explain and evaluate Martin Luther’s ideas of the double righteousness possessed by Christians using his commentaries on Galatians and Romans as well as his 1519 sermon on two kinds of righteousness. Luther’s ideas on Simul Justus et Peccator and Justification Luther’s sermon on the two kinds of righteousness is associated with the reformers belief of salvation and living by faith and not works. The original justice presented by Luther is the alien righteousness that comes from without. This kind of righteousness is the righteousness of Jesus Christ and is ascribed through faith. Luther quotes the Bible in John 14:6 where Jesus Christ says ‘I Am the way, the truth, and the life.’ this form of righteousness is accorded to people in baptism after believing in Jesus Christ and beyond doubt being repentant. Luther’s argument is that the...
Words: 2814 - Pages: 12
...and works sing his work to the “Twelve Tribes dispersed throughout the World” (Presumably “Spiritual Israel,” the International Church), the author calls himself” James, a servant of God and the Lord Jesus Christ. He does not claim apostolic rank or mention a kinship with James, but church tradition Identifies him as the person whom the apostle Paul calls” “James the Lord’s brother” (Galatians 1:19) the principal leader of Palestine Jewish Christianity between about 20 and 62 C.E. He was devout respecter of the Mosaic Torah and was known to his fellow Israelites as “James the righteous”. Despite his high reputation among both Jews and Christians, however, a violent mob killed him about 62 C.E. Two qualities of the Epistle of James give general clues about background. Besides being written in excellent Greek (not something a Galilean nature would likely be capable of), it repeatedly echoes Greek editions of the Hebrew Bible, especially the Book of Proverbs and later Hellenistic wisdom books like Ecclesiastics and the wisdom of Solomon. Forms and Organization Except for the brief opening salutation, the work bears no similarity to a letter. It is instead a collection of Proverbs, commentaries, scriptural paraphrases and moral advice. As a literary genre, James is the only New Testament resembling the compilation of wise counsel found in the Hebrew Bible. Lacking any principle of coherence, James leaps from topic to topic and then back again. The only...
Words: 1824 - Pages: 8
...INTRODUCTION This thesis developed from an understanding that 1 Cor. 14:34-35 is an interpolation. Based on this affirmation, chapter one investigates both the meaning of vv. 34-35 within the context of Paul’s first extant letter to the Corinthians, and the original message of chapter fourteen without vv. 34-35. Chapter one also offers the most compelling reasons why a scribe would choose chapter fourteen as the place to insert an interpolation against women’s speech in the church. Finally, I examine the parallels between 1 Cor. 14:34-35 and 1 Tim. 2:9-15. Chapter two summarizes the argument that 1 Cor. 14:34-35 is an interpolation. In this chapter, first I investigate the issue of interpolation in ancient literature. Then, I present the arguments based on internal evidences that are both for and against the interpolation of 1 Cor. 14:34-35. Next, I provide a section on external evidences supporting a case of interpolation of vv. 34-35. In this final section we will investigate scribal awareness of multiple readings in Codex Vaticanus, Fuldensis and Ms. 88, which can be observed in some sigla left by the copyists of these texts. Chapter three examines the identity of the author(s) and the date of composition for both the interpolation in Corinthians and the Pastoral Epistles. Chapter three provides a survey on the role of women in the churches under Paul’s personal supervision. It also examines the ancient view of the role of women in the Greco-Roman society...
Words: 42363 - Pages: 170
...religio refer? a) The Latin word L. religionem (nom. Religio) is defined as “a respect for what is scared, reverence for the gods”, and according to the text refers to the fear or awe a person feels in the presence of a spirit or a god. 2. Taoism and Confucianism are nontheistic religions, that is, religions for which belief in God or gods is nonessential. While gods are not alien to either Taoism or Confucianism, belief in/of gods is not central to either tradition. What are a couple of other religions that can be called nontheistic religions? a) A few additional examples of some nontheistic religions are Agnosticism, Atheism, Buddhism, Secular Humanism and Scientology. 3. What is Paul Tillich's definition for religion, and why do Hopfe and Woodward consider its development too broad? a) Paul Tillich defines religion as, “that which is of ultimate concern”. Hopfe and Woodward consider the development of Tillich’s definition of religion too broad for a world religions course because a philosophical exploration of Tillich’s definition of religion, yields many an individuals personal belief of what is of ultimate concern hardly lending to the general understanding of popular or mainstream religions they hope to accomplish in this text. 4. Explain E. B. Tylor's theory concerning the origin and evolution of religion. What is animism, and to what, "ultimately" and "finally," did Tylor think it evolved? a) E.B. Tylor’s theory regarding the origin and evolution of religion is...
Words: 17463 - Pages: 70
...Aggressive Christianity Catherine Booth Catherine Booth Text from original 1880 publication in Public Domain. Additional sections, Copyright © 2012 by Will Riddle Published by Freedom House. All rights reserved. All images purchased and licensed by iStockPhoto. Please contact the author at will@thegonetwork.net if you would like to reproduce this book or sections of the book for your own purposes. All personal correspondence will receive a reply. Printed in the United States of America ISBN 1449913768 EAN 978-1449913762 Contents Original Preface 5 AGGRESSIVE CHRISTIANITY 7 OBLIGATIONS TO THE WORLD. 10 A PURE GOSPEL 20 ADAPTATION OF MEASURES 33 ASSURANCE OF SALVATION 46 HOW CHRIST TRANSCENDS THE LAW 59 THE FRUITS OF UNION WITH CHRIST 72 WITNESSING FOR CHRIST 83 FILLED WITH THE SPIRIT 99 THE WORLD'S NEED 110 THE HOLY GHOST 120 Contact Us! If you like the message of this book, we encourage you to bring our team out to your church or fellowship to host one of our conferences, or join our Bible school http://thegonetwork.net/school • Go Deep: Looking for a way to rekindle that special “God spark” in your congregation? Building on the teaching in Go Narrow, we take your people into realms of intimacy with God which will fuel and empower their Christian life. • Go Ignite: Designed to move people from the pews to places of...
Words: 52637 - Pages: 211
...CATECHISM OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH Table of Contents PROLOGUE I. The life of man - to know and love God nn. 1-3 II. Handing on the Faith: Catechesis nn. 4-10 III. The Aim and Intended Readership of the Catechism nn. 11-12 IV. Structure of this Catechism nn. 13-17 V. Practical Directions for Using this Catechism nn. 18-22 VI. Necessary Adaptations nn. 23-25 PART ONE: THE PROFESSION OF FAITH SECTION ONE "I BELIEVE" - "WE BELIEVE" n. 26 CHAPTER ONE MAN'S CAPACITY FOR GOD nn. 27-49 I. The Desire for God nn. 27-30 II. Ways of Coming to Know God nn. 31-35 III. The Knowledge of God According to the Church nn. 36-38 IV. How Can We Speak about God? nn.39-43 IN BRIEF nn. 44-49 CHAPTER TWO GOD COMES TO MEET MAN n. 50 Article 1 THE REVELATION OF GOD I. God Reveals His "Plan of Loving Goodness" nn. 51-53 II. The Stages of Revelation nn. 54-64 III. Christ Jesus -- "Mediator and Fullness of All Revelation" nn. 6567 IN BRIEF nn. 68-73 Article 2 THE TRANSMISSION OF DIVINE REVELATION n. 74 I. The Apostolic Tradition nn.75-79 II. The Relationship Between Tradition and Sacred Scripture nn. 80-83 III. The Interpretation of the Heritage of Faith nn. 84-95 IN BRIEF nn. 96-100 Article 3 SACRED SCRIPTURE I. Christ - The Unique Word of Sacred Scripture nn. 101-104 II. Inspiration and Truth of Sacred Scripture nn. 105-108 III. The Holy Spirit, Interpreter of Scripture nn. 109-119 IV. The Canon of Scripture nn. 120-130 V. Sacred Scripture in the Life of the Church nn. 131-133 IN BRIEF nn...
Words: 141872 - Pages: 568