...Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 13 (Research in Contemporary Islamic Finance and Wealth Management): 98-102, 2013; ISSN 1990-9233 © IDOSI Publications, 2013 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.13.1888 The Concept and Challenges of Islamic Pawn Broking (Ar-Rahnu) 1 S. Hisham, 1S. Abdul Shukor, 1A.B. Ummi Salwa and 2Kamaruzaman Jusoff 1 Faculty of Economics and Muamalat, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 71800 Bandar Baru Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia 2 Department of Forest Production, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Abstract: The introduction of Islamic pawn broking (Ar-Rahnu) in Malaysia is seen as a new micro credit instrument. This paper aims to provide a review on Ar-Rahnu’s concept and challenges faced by Islamic pawn shops in Malaysia. The study employs library and archive research to achieve the objectives of the paper. Islamic pawn broking consists of four basic concepts namely Qardhul Hasan, Ar-Rahnu, Al-Wadi'ah and Al-Ujrah. The Islamic pawn broking have several advantages over conventional pawn broking because it provides a cheaper way to obtain financing and is free from interest. In addition, assets pawned are guaranteed to be kept safely and there is a fair practice in auctioning and bidding. In addition, Ar-Rahnu also helps finance educational needs and provides capital to small businesses and entrepreneurs. It implies that this instrument will help the community to increase economic capability...
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...study was done at AR-RAHNU Bank Rakyat, thus the background also will cover a little about Bank Rakyat and then goes through its AR-RAHNU system. In this chapter, problem statement, objective of the study, scope and significance of the study also be presented. 1.1 Background of Study People say diamonds are women’s best friend while gold jewelry is their true friend. In reality, this is at least true among Malaysian women. The reason is, other than to enhance women’s look, the jewellery also could be functioned as collateral whenever cash is needed by using pawn broking financing. As we can see, pawnshop has become a common activity to Malaysian especially among the Malays community and has an overwhelming responses among the poor and middle class in Malaysia to have financial sources quickly and easily. On that basis, many pawnshops and pawnbrokers exist to offer this service. Pawnbroking is a business of advancing loans to customers who have pledged their personal belongings as security. The pawnbroker's trade is one of the oldest known, having existed 2,000–3,000 years ago in China, as well as in ancient Greece and Rome. 1.1.1 CURRENT SCENARIO Among the current scenarios that exist and practiced in our country these days are: * There are many financial institutions which had offered services by practicing conventional financial transaction which are totally contradict with Islamic thought and teaching. * There are fairly substantial numbers of illegal services...
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...reality shows such as “Pawn Stars” and “Hardcore Pawn.”2 Television viewers’ curiosity about an old credit institution may be due to the fact that 7% of all U.S. households have used pawn credit.3 Although pawnshops predate biblical times, researchers know surprisingly little about this ancient form of banking and its customers.4 We fill this gap by documenting detailed information on pawnshop loan repayment and default, and by discussing how pawnshop borrowers’ behavior is consistent with various behavioral economics phenomena. Pawnshop loans are small, short-term, collateralized loans typically used by low-income consumers. The borrower leaves a possession, or “pledge,” as collateral in exchange for a loan, typically of $75–$100.5 Interest rates vary by state and range from 2 Assistant Professor, Office of Economic and Manpower Analysis, United States Military Academy. susan.carter@usma.edu. The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily represent those of the United States Military Academy, the United States Army, or the Department of Defense. ** Associate Professor of Law, Vanderbilt University Law School. paige.skiba@vanderbilt.edu. We would like to thank Margaret Blair, Anna Skiba-Crafts and Kip Viscusi for valuable feedback. 1 JOHN P. CASKEY, FRINGE BANKING: CHECK CASHING OUTLETS, PAWNSHOPS, AND THE POOR 13 (1994). 2 Pawn Stars, THE HISTORY CHANNEL, http://www.history.com/shows/ pawn-stars (last visited Nov...
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...ECONOMIC RESEARCH (2 ICBER 2011) PROCEEDING nd nd A STUDY ON ISLAMIC PAWN BROKING AWARENESS AND FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SCHEME IN SUNGAI PETANI, KEDAH Santhi Appannan and Gaithry Doris Faculty of Business Management AIMST University Email: santhi_appannan@yahoo.com gaithry_doris@yahoo.com ABSTRACT This paper aims to identify the level of public awareness towards Islamic pawn broking Ar Rahnu Scheme and the main factors that influence the public to pursue Islamic pawn broking in Sungai Petani, Kedah. Questionnaires were used to collect the data and were analyzed via cross tabulation, mean score analysis and multiple regressions. The findings indicate Sungai Petani’s community is aware of the term Islamic pawn broking but the awareness is at a different level among the races. The majority of Chinese and Malays were aware of this scheme. However the Indians were not aware of the scheme. The findings also indicate that the majority of Islamic pawn broking consumers are in a lower income group, mainly from the private sector with an income of RM1000 and below. It is also found that the main factor influencing public to pursue Islamic pawn broking was its cheap cost of loan. The other factors that were tested were confidential, customer service, locality and income level. Keywords: Ar Rahnu Scheme, public awareness, cost of loan, confidential, customer service, locality and income level. 1459 2 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC RESEARCH (2 ICBER...
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...reality shows such as “Pawn Stars” and “Hardcore Pawn.”2 Television viewers’ curiosity about an old credit institution may be due to the fact that 7% of all U.S. households have used pawn credit.3 Although pawnshops predate biblical times, researchers know surprisingly little about this ancient form of banking and its customers.4 We fill this gap by documenting detailed information on pawnshop loan repayment and default, and by discussing how pawnshop borrowers’ behavior is consistent with various behavioral economics phenomena. Pawnshop loans are small, short-term, collateralized loans typically used by low-income consumers. The borrower leaves a possession, or “pledge,” as collateral in exchange for a loan, typically of $75–$100.5 Interest rates vary by state and range from 2 Assistant Professor, Office of Economic and Manpower Analysis, United States Military Academy. susan.carter@usma.edu. The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily represent those of the United States Military Academy, the United States Army, or the Department of Defense. ** Associate Professor of Law, Vanderbilt University Law School. paige.skiba@vanderbilt.edu. We would like to thank Margaret Blair, Anna Skiba-Crafts and Kip Viscusi for valuable feedback. 1 JOHN P. CASKEY, FRINGE BANKING: CHECK CASHING OUTLETS, PAWNSHOPS, AND THE POOR 13 (1994). 2 Pawn Stars, THE HISTORY CHANNEL, http://www.history.com/shows/ pawn-stars (last visited Nov...
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... Cubao, Q.C. Selected Pawnshop Businesses along Sumulong Highway, Marikina City: Factors of Success Submitted by: Leira Susana Arceo Escala Charmaine Santos Tesalona Mariel Navata Nieto John Michael Temporal Soria Ralf Louise Sauro Vico Submitted to: Dr. Carolina D. Ditan Table of Contents Title Page Acknowledgement List of Tables List of figures Chapter I Introduction Background of the study Theoretical Framework Research Paradigm Statement of the Problem Hypotheses of the Study Significance of the Study Scope and Delimitations Definition of Terms Chapter II Review of Related Literature Foreign Literature and Studies Local Literature and Studies Chapter III Research Methodology Research Design Sampling Design Research Instrument Data Gathering Procedure Statistical Treatment Chapter IV Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of Data Chapter V Conclusion and Recommendations Summary Conclusion Recommendation Bibliography Appendix Appendix I. Letter to the respondents Appendix II-A. Questionnaire for customers Appendix II-B. Questionnaire for employee/staff Appendix III. Vicinity Map Acknowledgement We would like...
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...start up, the al- ijarah, mudarabah and musyarakah products have good potential. But if someone needs cash to pay debts or settle a down payment, buy shares, house renovation or even to go on a vacation. The above instruments may not help us get the cash we want. A pawn broking operation is relatively straightforward. The borrower simply needs to place a pledge or security for the amount of debt needed. Rahnu is a means of providing short term financing to the public by pawning his/her jewellery to banks or pawnshops as a security. It is one of the microcredit and financial instruments for low income earners seeking financial assistance to meet their fast working capital needs. [2] The inclusion of syariah regulation in the banking system in 1983 has encouraged its implementation in other finance institutions such as insurance, trust unit and Islamic pawn broking (ar-rahnu). The main reason is to eliminate interest which was imposed by pawn brokers as payment from the cash being loaned. The effect can be seen by the emergence of two pawn broking systems in Malaysia, namely the conventional pawn broking system and the Islamic pawn broking system. Rahnu principle is mainly used for Islamic pawn broking services in Malaysia. Under rahnu, valuable item is collateralized to a debt which may be utilized as payment if the debt is not repaid within the agreed period. In the event the debtor is not able to repay the debt, the pawned asset will be sold off to...
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...objectives of the study, research questions, and significance of the study. This chapter also discusses on scope and limitations of study and definition of term. 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY For the past few years, a pawn broking has taken place in our country. It has been started since the 15th century which was introduced by the Chinese traders during the Malacca Sultanate. Then, it continued to expand after the discovery of tin mining in Larut in the 19 century. Pawn broking can be traced back to at least 3,000 years in ancient China. It also has been found in the earliest written histories of Greek and Roman civilizations. According to the Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB), the Ar- Rahnu scheme can demonstrate its roles as a viable microcredit product of the financial institution in meeting the different customer requirements. Firstly, it represents a credit channel to those who want to use Ar-Rahnu scheme to obtain financial resources to meet their daily financial requirements; and secondly, it can be a credit channel to those who requires temporary working capital, particularly for small business. The objective of Ar-Rahnu is to create an alternative financing channel to the conventional pawn broking, that is not only more transparent but it also more compliant with Shari’ah principles. Ar-Rahnu is a form of microcredit product the borrower places their valuable assets such as gold or jewellery as collateral for the financing. In conventional pawn broking, the interest...
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...objectives of the study, research questions, and significance of the study. This chapter also discusses on scope and limitations of study and definition of term. 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY For the past few years, a pawn broking has taken place in our country. It has been started since the 15th century which was introduced by the Chinese traders during the Malacca Sultanate. Then, it continued to expand after the discovery of tin mining in Larut in the 19 century. Pawn broking can be traced back to at least 3,000 years in ancient China. It also has been found in the earliest written histories of Greek and Roman civilizations. According to the Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB), the Ar- Rahnu scheme can demonstrate its roles as a viable microcredit product of the financial institution in meeting the different customer requirements. Firstly, it represents a credit channel to those who want to use Ar-Rahnu scheme to obtain financial resources to meet their daily financial requirements; and secondly, it can be a credit channel to those who requires temporary working capital, particularly for small business. The objective of Ar-Rahnu is to create an alternative financing channel to the conventional pawn broking, that is not only more transparent but it also more compliant with Shari’ah principles. Ar-Rahnu is a form of microcredit product the borrower places their valuable assets such as gold or jewellery as collateral for the financing. In conventional pawn broking, the interest...
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...modern banking institutions including loans, consignments, and storage. A good pawn broker buys items for a reasonable price and sells them at a discount. The pawn industry is about making money, and that means repeat business and reasonable dealings. A good pawnshop will carry a variety of items including jewelry, tools, antiques, furniture, knives, guns, crossbows, camping gear, and everything and anything you could imagine being of value and sellable. Some pawn shops even buy and sell cars, motorcycles, and aircraft. In the Philippines Pawnshop Operation is guided/ covered by Presidential Decree No. 114 Sec. 1-2 as: This decree may be cited as the Pawnshop Regulation Act, which stipulated according to that: “ It is hereby declared the policy of the State to regulate the establishment of pawnshops and to place their operation on a sound and stable basis to derive the optimum advantages from them as an additional source of credit; to prevent and mitigate, as far as practicable, practices prejudicial to public interest; and to lay down the minimum requirements and standards under which they may be established and do business...” The word "pawn" comes from the Latin word "pignus," which means to pledge. When someone has an item of worth on which they would like to receive a monetary loan, they take that item to a broker who receives it as a pledge (aka collateral or pawn) in exchange for money. A pawn shop serves as that kind of broker. Pawn shops have existed since ancient...
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... Bachelor of Science in Business Administration Major in Financial Management Submitted by Juatco, Martian Lanz Gary A. Mingaracal, Alvin M. Pediengco, Alelie Krizza D. Perey, Christine Mae R. Summer S.Y. 2014- 2015 CHAPTER I The Problem and Its Background Introduction Pawnshops are in the business of lending money on the security of pledged goods left in pawn, or in the business of purchasing tangible personal property to be left in pawn on the condition that it may be redeemed or repurchased by the seller for a fixed price within a fixed period of time. A "pawn transaction" does not include the pledge to, or the purchase by, a pawnbroker of real or personal property from a customer followed by the sale or the leasing of that property back to the customer in the same or a related transaction (definitions.uslegal). State and local laws regulate pawnshops. Pawnshops may be required to be licensed and regulations often require certain standards of record keeping and pawnshop fees charges to be followed. Regulations may require a minimum age of persons seeking to pawn items and may prevent the offering of insurance for pawned items. Pawnshops may also be required to consult police reports of stolen items to verify ownership of pawned items. State statutes vary, but typically, if your stolen property is found in a pawnshop you may decide to purchase it back or obtain a court order to recover the property. In order to regulate the operation...
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...COMMENTARY ON CFPB REPORT: DATA POINT: CHECKING ACCOUNT OVERDRAFT G. Michael Flores, Bretton Woods, Inc. Todd J. Zywicki, George Mason University School of Law George Mason University Law and Economics Research Paper Series 14-45 This paper is available on the Social Science Research Network at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2499716 Commentary: CFPB Report Data Point: Checking Account Overdraft September 2014 G. Michael Flores and Todd J. Zywicki About the Authors G. Michael Flores is CEO of Bretton Woods, Inc. (www.bretton-woods.com) and is a researcher and business adviser who has studied financial services companies and consumer credit in general for over 30 years, with a particular focus on “alternative” credit programs for the last 10 years. Since 1995 he has been actively involved in advising banks seeking to establish their overdraft programs. He has written and published research papers on consumer credit in the United States and the United Kingdom, as well as papers on payments, including general-purpose reloadable and payroll prepaid cards. Based on these studies, he has testified before several House and Senate subcommittees and spoken to industry groups. He has also authored articles for industry publications. He is a faculty member with Pacific Coast Banking School at the University of Washington in Seattle. Todd J. Zywicki is George Mason University Foundation Professor of Law and a senior scholar with the Mercatus Center at George Mason...
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...Benefits Associated with Bad Credit Loans Bad credit loans are a blessing in disguise for those suffering from bad credit history. People unable to pay their bills or loans on time suffer from a bad credit score that affects negatively on their credit history. There are a number of reasons behind a bad credit history including financial crises, bankruptcy, inability to pay bills on time and many others. Recession is one of the major factors behind bad credit history of the people as they suffer from financial crises due to poor economic conditions and by loosing their jobs. Inflation is another solid reason that leads to poor credit scores. Bad credit loans help you enjoying the privilege of enjoying loans even if you suffer with poor credit history. Bad credit loans provide you financial assistance in a number of critical situations such as paying a sudden and unexpected medical bill, meeting the financial crunch at the end of the month, coping sudden personal financial needs when you run short of money. Bad credit loan is a perfect solution for all the above-mentioned problems as it let you get instant cash in order to fulfill your financial requirements. There are a number of lenders over the Internet and in the offline environment that offer ad credit loans to the people having no or poor credit history. The ultimate advantage of a bad credit loan is that you can instantly get the loan. You don’t need to wait for weeks to get your loan approved as you can get hot cash...
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...Business Plan 1-Up Pub 3614 Washtenaw Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48104 Telephone: (724)555-1234 Fax: (724)555-5678 Presentation Date: December 15, 2014 Presented To: Frank Jefferies – Chief Loan Officer DFCU Financial 400 Town Center Drive Dearborn, MI 48126 Contents Executive Summary 3 Mission Statement 5 Company Description 5 Market Plan for 1-Up Pub 7 Products and Services 7 Market Analysis 7 The Competition 8 Target Market and Customer Profile 8 Pricing of Products and Services 9 Sales Promotions and Advertising 10 Selling Approach and Distribution Channels 10 Financial Plan 11 Operating Plan 12 Management Team 12 Organizational Chart 12 Facilities and Improvements 13 Employee Needs 14 Recruitment Strategy 15 Risk Management Plan 15 Appendix A - References 17 Appendix B – Opening Day Balance Sheet 18 Appendix C – First Year’s Expenses 20 Appendix D – Pricing 22 Executive Summary After a long, hard day at work most people have only what to relax and unwind. For some people this includes getting a drink, watch a sporting event on television, or perhaps play a game with friends. What if you could go to one place to do any of these things? Look no further than 1-Up Pub; a combination gaming center, pub, and coffee shop. Grab a drink, grab a game, and make some friends, or you can just relax and watch a local sporting event on one of our flat screen televisions. 1-Up Pub is a unique destination like none that have...
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...Article Presentation Paper : Money Mutual Payday Loans HRM587 Managing Organizational Change Keller Graduate School Management, DeVry College of New York Professor Shashon Miles Introduction The main issue that necessitated the need for the article to be written was the lack of marketing ethics by Money Mutual. Money Mutual failed to provide proper information to its customers and went a step further to hide behind Montel Williams who was their celebrity endorser. They used the goodwill gathered by Williams over the years to convince the individuals that their payday loans were legitimate. It is important to note that Money Mutual were not the actual lenders, they just connected the lenders to customers who they captured from their lead capture pages. Payday loans can be beneficial to its consumers because it affords them access to emergency loans that they may not be able to obtain from the mainstream lending institutions. Unfortunately, the companies that offer payday loans exponentially overcharge their clients with total disregard to state laws. This is categorized as unethical practice and should be shunned by the government and other lending institutions. Selling Source does business as Money Mutual an online marketplace that matches interested consumers to potential lenders in the specialty consumer finance industry. Selling Source has a portfolio of five industry-leading companies which provides extensive, customizable solutions to develop and manage...
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