Introduction: ¬Periodontium accredit to the specialized tissues that surround and support the teeth, and maintains them in the maxillary and mandibular bones. Periodontium is the anatomic assemblage of tissue, investing and supporting the tooth. The word comes from the Greek terms peri-, means "around" and -odons, means "tooth."1 In actual sense it means that which is "around the tooth". It provides the abutment all-important to advance teeth in function. The capital functions of periodontium is it provides attachment of teeth to the bone and to one another, adjustment to the changes due to ageing and wear, defense against noxious substances in oral cavity, resistance towards masticatory forces. It consists of four arch apparatus namely: gingival, …show more content…
Smoking and diabetes are absolute risk factors for periodontal disease. The majority of gum diseases can be calmly prevented by daily thorough plaque removal. However, irregularities about the teeth such as overhanging edges on fillings, poorly contoured fillings, and some types of partial denture designs accomplish tooth cleaning difficult and encourage the accumulation of plaque. For the majority of the population, however, periodontal health can be finer maintained by proper oral hygiene practices as well as avoidance of behavioral and environmental risk factors. Because periodontal disease is affiliated to an added susceptibility to systemic disease (e.g., cardiovascular disease, infective endocarditis, bacterial pneumonia, low birth weight, diabetes), it is important not alone for oral health but as well for general health to control periodontal …show more content…
It is not absolutely reversible. COPD is not directly a "smoker's cough" but an under-diagnosed, life-threatening lung disease. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are earlier terms used for different types of COPD. The main symptoms include shortness of breath and cough with sputum production. COPD centers on the common feature of altered lung function but recognizes both the systemic nature and the heterogeneity of COPD. Its pulmonary component is characterized by airflow limitation that is not absolutely reversible. The adverse of COPD can aftereffect from several etiologies; a lot of frequently cigarette smoking that affects the mucociliary barrier and phagocyte activity, triggering an abnormal inflammatory response in the lungs.7 Besides smoking, added accident factors includes ageing, infections, toxic air pollutants, childhood respiratory infections