...different types of therapy approaches on counseling. I know from my bachelors work and now that I do not feel like I connect with just one therapeutic approach. I like many different theoretical models and found myself wanting to develop an integrated therapy approach using bits and pieces from multiple therapies to create my own form of counseling. I feel that an integrated approach would best suit me as a counselor and an individual. Developing the appropriate counseling type is all dependent on the counselor's worldviews as well as those of the clients. Since I do not connect with just one theory of counseling, my worldview is very integrated. As a future mental health counselor, it is important for me to be aware of the different theoretical approaches and what best fits with me. The best way to...
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...to the theory that the world is round, which people know to be true. There is no brilliance in coming up with a theory, only a thought that leads to a larger idea, which soon becomes a theory. Sigmund Freud's theories about the unconscious mind led him to what he calls psychoanalysis. In layman's terms, psychoanalysis is little more than a patient sitting in a room with another person discussing the issues that bother him or her in his or her life. When thinking about this on a broader scale, psychoanalysis is much more. Psychoanalysis with a well educated and trained individual can open the eyes to see deeper into the patients psyche. When the psychoanalyst gives the patient the right tools, he or she can help the patient overcome the obstacles that hold him or her hostage. Thought to Theory Some of the brightest minds in history made their theory into scientific data that people of all ages learn from. Each one; forming an idea in their mind and putting their idea into practice, and then ultimately becoming a theory. Theories are always changing and making better the ideas of the past. Not one person can truly know the human mind to its fullest, but with practice and theory people can learn more about the mind and obtain a better understanding of how the mind works. Testing the theory by putting it into practice is an important step to ensure the validity of the theory. Proving a theory as valid takes time and much research before the theory becomes common practice. There...
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...paper will discuss my personal theory of counseling or psychotherapy in a number of different areas. Specifically, I will discuss the seven areas of interest. First, I will discuss and describe my basic view of human nature, Second, I will determine key factors that account for changes in behavior. Third, I will describe the nature of the therapist client relationship and its importance. Fourth, I will describe key functions and role of the therapist. Fifth, I will discuss the goals of therapy. Sixth, I will determine the techniques and theories of my approach. Seventh, I will discuss specific client issues best suited for my approach. (Walden University, 2012). In this paper I plan to describe and explain my own personal model for counseling. My personal model of counseling uses Gestalt Therapy, Person Centered Therapy, Existential Therapy and Adlerian Therapy which I think complement one another well My Basic View of Human Nature My basic view of human nature is a combination of Person -Centered, Gestalt and Existential theories of counseling (Corey, 2013a). I believe that we are all searching for what it means to be human. I also believe that people are both the product and the process of their choices that are influenced by thoughts and emotions. Self-awareness in the individual leads to greater freedom in the...
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...motivate people to pick up the broken pieces in their behaviors that need attention. Because counselors have a lot of experience witnessing human beings in various forms of life challenges, they use techniques or share observations that are more revealing than what friends or family members might say. With these revelations, clients make decisions and with the support of the counselor, clients take action towards positive growth in their lives. This paper is an expression of my current thinking regarding a theoretical approach of individual counseling. The counselor’s approach is unique based on his or her personal belief systems and values. I have adopted and integrated counseling approach to understanding the individual’s irrational beliefs and the implications of these beliefs on thinking, feeling and behavior. In this paper, the word ‘counselor’ and ‘therapist’ will be used interchangeably. Developing Personal Style of Counseling: My integrative Approach to Counseling Different counseling theorists have proposed different theories of counseling and they are all good approaches in their...
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...how and why I have formed this viewpoint, my view of helping, the relationship between the client and participant, techniques or approaches to change, the kinds of problems that can be addressed with my model, and multicultural issues. The limitations and strengths of the model and there populations this model can help will also be addressed in this paper. The personal model of helping that I have developed involves various theories. My model of helping involves the Adlerian theory, existential theory, person-centered theory, gestalt theory, reality therapy, cognitive behavior theory, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, and rational-emotive theory. Adlerian theory includes the importance of birth order, takes into consideration the individual’s life style, their social interest, and their personality as it pertains to inferiority and superiority. The goal of the Adlerian theory is to increase social interest, change negative behaviors that are self-destructive, and help increase problem solving skills. In therapy sessions the family dynamics are observed. Often times the family unit assigns the roles the individual plays within the family based on birth order. The eldest child may have most of the responsibility placed on them because they are the eldest and are expected to take a leadership role. In the sessions the client’s present lifestyle is examined and their early childhood experiences are discussed and examined. The here and now is discussed and the counselor provides...
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...future. My theory is one of hope and will provide encouragement to focus on feelings and behaviors. The following research will provide an insight into Adlerian and Reality, Cognitive Behavioral, Solution Focused, Person-Centered, Gestalt, REBT, and Existential therapy. Keywords: journey, chance, encouragement, relationships, communication Philosophical Assumptions At some point in life everyone wants to feel as though they are truly being heard and understood by others. I believe empathy is at the core of understanding and developing a relationship with the client. Elliott, Bohart, Watson, and Greenberg (2011) re-emphasize Carl Rogers’ definition of empathy as “the therapist’s sensitive ability and willingness to understand the client’s thoughts, feelings and struggles from the client’s point of view” (Elliott, Bohart, Watson, and Greenberg, p44, 2011). Once empathy and a trusting relationship are established the ideas and skills for change and acceptance can be introduced. Change is not always a welcomed entity and often brings about anxiety, stress, and conflict. In my theory I believe that hope, strength, and meaning are the building blocks for change. Artist Mary Engelbreit once said, “If you don’t like something, change it; if you can’t change it, change the way you think about it.” However, in a therapy session change can only begin to spark with the cooperation and trust of...
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...paper will discuss my personal theory of counseling or psychotherapy in a number of different areas. Specifically, I will discuss the seven areas of interest. First, I will discuss and describe my basic view of human nature, Second, I will determine key factors that account for changes in behavior. Third, I will describe the nature of the therapist client relationship and its importance. Fourth, I will describe key functions and role of the therapist. Fifth, I will discuss the goals of therapy. Sixth, I will determine the techniques and theories of my approach. Seventh, I will discuss specific client issues best suited for my approach. (Walden University, 2012). In this paper I plan to describe and explain my own personal model for counseling. My personal model of counseling uses Gestalt Therapy, Person Centered Therapy, Existential Therapy and Adlerian Therapy which I think complement one another well My Basic View of Human Nature My basic view of human nature is a combination of Person -Centered, Gestalt and Existential...
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...iNTEGRATIVE Perpetual evolution: A dynamic integrative approach to developing praxis in counselling psychology Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Theory Building in Counselling Psychology 2 The Impulse Toward Eclecticism 4 My Bohartian History 6 Adlerian Psychotherapy as Structured Eclecticism 10 My Adlerian Roots 11 Beyond Adler: Robertsonian Meme Therapy 13 The Nature of Self 13 The Potential for Using Memes in Counselling 15 A Use of Meme Theory in Counselling a Suicidal Youth 17 Holistic, Dynamic and Integrative: Looking Forward in Our Profession 21 Summarizing the Foundational Principles of My Practice 21 Revisiting Holism 23 Future directions 25 Footnotes 27 Theory Building in Counselling Psychology An early text lamented, “A good theory is clear, comprehensive, explicit, parsimonious, and useful. We appear to have a paucity of good theories in psychology” (Stefflre & Matheny, 1968). Lent attempted to reduce this paucity by formulating his own theory: Wellness is intended to capture the notion of health as a dynamic state or process rather than a static endpoint; psychosocial wellness acknowledges the importance of both intrapersonal and interpersonal functioning. The multiple aspects of wellness would include a) self-perceived (domain and/or global) satisfaction (hedonic well-being), b) domain/role satisfactoriness, c) presence of prosocial versus antisocial behavior, and d) low levels of psychologistical...
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...basic connection with Freud and agree that we do have instincts that are innate to every human (Corey, 2013), in essence we are all animals (Freud, 1961) of sorts. Adler was correct when he expounded on Freud’s work and introduced the idea that we are not solely shaped by our childhood experiences. Frankl, May, and Yalom have led me to the idea that there is no step by step instructional book on how to counsel clients. My experience in the military working with a multitude of different people of various religions, ethnicities, and languages has led to my acknowledgement that we are all different and are motivated and driven by many different things. Each person is different; this is what makes us special. No single solution is perfect for any two people, and there are always different variables involved with each person. Also incorporated into my view of human nature is Perls’s concept that places emphasis on what is being experienced in the here and now as being of great importance and that “the power is in the present” (Polster & Polster, 1973). At the same time it is important to recognize that what we have experienced in the past has had a direct and profound impact on us as well. View of Human Nature My personal view of human nature is a conglomeration of the views of theorists and multiple theories. I combine parts of Freud’s and...
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...they would reveal their interpretations to the client in an attempt to bring light to the unconscious (Corey, 2013). Adlerian 1. Acting “as if” 2. Acting “as if” is helpful to the client by allowing them to reconstruct social constructions to be able to achieve his or her goals. This intervention relates to “reorientation” in Adlerian theory by changing the client’s awareness in order to shift” rules of interaction, process and motivation” (Corey, 2013, p.118). 3. No supplies needed 4. Best for clients who “act as if the constructs by which they engage in everyday activities are facts or absolute truths rather than social constructions that are contextually situated” (Watts, 2013). 5. Clients who would not be suitable for this intervention would be clients who are unable to act out his or her “as if” because he or she is not comfortable with the unknown or a client who acts impulsively (Watts, 2013). 6. The goals of the intervention are to help the client “to bypass potential resistance to change by neutralizing some of the perceived risk.” This technique “affords clients the opportunity to enact alternative or preferred outcomes and possibly restory oppressive aspects of their personal metanarrative” (Watts, 2013). 7. Administering this intervention in a therapeutic setting would consist of encouraging the client to start “acting as if they were already the person they would like to be”. The counselor reminds the client that they are to “pretend and emphasizes that they are only...
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...BETWEEN PSYCHOANALYTIC THERAPY AND HUMANISTIC COUNSELLING ASSIGNMENT 2: WHAT IS THE FOCUS ON HUMANISTIC COUNSELLING? LECTURER: PASTOR OWINO PSYCHOANALYTIC THERAPY Sigmund Freud is credited as the founder of psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic theory. There have been a multitude of variations that have evolved and the term most often used to broadly encompass these approaches is "Psychodynamic." Terms such as: neurosis, conflict, attachment, object relations, unconscious, defense mechanisms, id, ego, superego, drives, libido, transference, counter-transference, and countless more have emerged from this approach. Some of the major approaches within the psychodynamic category are: Psychoanalysis (Sigmund Freud), Adlerian Psychotherapy (Alfred Adler), Analytical Psychotherapy(Carl Jung), Object Relations (Mahler, Winnicott, Fairbairn, Klein, Gutrip, Kernberg and others), and Self Psychology (Heinz Kohut). Freud's original theories were based on the conflicts that he believed were at the core of human existence. These conflicts emerge from attempts to reconcile our biological selves with our social selves. Aspects of these conflicts are unconscious and influence our behavior without our awareness. Psychodynamic therapies work to make the unconscious conscious so that we can have greater insight into our needs and behavior and therefore more control over how we allow these conflicts to affect us. His therapy explores the dynamic workings...
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...Student Learning Guide Counselling Methods 1 © South African College of Applied Psychology (Pty) Ltd Developed and produced by the South African College of Applied Psychology Sunclare building, Claremont, Cape Town, 7708, South Africa. 2012. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by means of electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyrighted materials reproduced herein are used under the provision of the South African Copyright Act 98 of 1978 section 12 (1) (a)(b) (3), for private study only by students. STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE: COUNSELLING METHODS 1 2 Table of contents How this guide works ........................................................................................................................ 10 Module Readings .............................................................................................................................. 11 Prescribed text book ......................................................................................................................... 11 Prescribed and recommended readings ........................................................................................... 11 Session One: An Overview of Theories of Psychotherapy and Counselling ..................................... 14 Reading for the session .....................................................................
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...used only with the permission of the textbook company. The Therapeutic Relationship • The therapeutic relationship is an important component of effective counseling • The therapist as a person is a key part of the effectiveness of therapeutic treatments • Research shows that both the therapy relationship and the therapy used contribute to treatment outcome Theories of Counseling • Gerald Corey’s Perspective of Theories of Counseling: • No single model can explain all the facets of human experience o Eleven approaches to counseling and psychotherapy are discussed • Your textbook book assumes: o Students can begin to acquire a counseling style tailored to their own personality ▪ The process will take years ▪ Different theories are not “right” or “wrong” ▪ The Effective Counselor from the perspective of Gerald Corey • The most important instrument you have is YOU ▪ Your living example of who you are and how you struggle to live up to your potential is powerful • Be authentic ▪ The stereotyped, professional role can be shed ▪ If you hide behind your role the client will also hide • Be a therapeutic person and be clear about who you are ▪ Be willing to grow, to risk, to care, and to be involved Counseling for the Counselor...
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...Post modern approach Some of the key concepts and techniques common to both Solution-Focused Brief Therapy and Narrative Therapy are: - Collaborative relationship between therapist and client - Client considered expert on own life - Focus on solutions (alternative stories) rather than problems - Positive (or optimistic) orientation - Emphasise client’s strengths rather than weaknesses - Clients set their own goals (take an active role) - Focus on the future - Use of questions - Belief that small steps lead to bigger changes - Postmodern idea that there are multiple realities and truths (they are not objective facts) - Importance of language An advantage of using both Solution-Focused Brief Therapy and Narrative Therapy together is that the therapist has more techniques or strategies to draw on as they see fit for the each individual client. Due to the many similarities between the two combining seems very appropriate. Many of the basic concepts and techniques of these Postmodern approaches could be quite easily be integrated into other therapeutic perspectives. For instance, the Feminist Perspective with its focus on how gender-roles and how they affect present behaviour could benefit from the use of exception questions, the miracle question, deconstruction and the creation of alternative stories. Or the Reality Perspective with its focus on each individual being responsible for what they choose to do could benefit from the use of exception questions and identifying...
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...Psychotherapy Final Project Rafael Ruelas Sport Psychology Capella University Introduction to Theories of Psychotherapy PSY6310 Summer 2013 Dr. Mankoff September 12, 2013 Introduction According to Bateman, Brown and Pedder (2000), psychotherapy refers to the treatment of emotional or mental disorders and adjustment problems through applying psychotherapy techniques as opposed to chemical and biological interventions. Psychotherapy is dependent on verbal exchange between the therapist and the person seeking help-commonly referred to as psychoanalysis. Therapeutic relationships are characterized by mutual trust between the two players with the main objective of helping individuals to change unhealthy and/or destructive behaviors, emotions and thoughts. In this pursuit, therapists combine several techniques including psychodynamics, behavioral and cognitive approaches. Anorexia nervosa There are many and varied psychological disorders in this case, I will focus on anorexia nervosa and its treatment. Anorexia nervosa is a condition that is characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight or intense fear of gaining weight. The patient feels inadequate when he senses he is fat. The condition mainly affects young women although other age groups can also be affected (Bateman & Holmes, 2005). When a patent has anorexia, the desire to lose weight becomes one’s most important preoccupation. The patient does not appreciate his/her condition and cannot see...
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