...American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 2006; 70 (5) Article 104. RESEARCH ARTICLES Factors That Affect Academic Performance Among Pharmacy Students Sujit S. Sansgiry, PhD, Monali Bhosle, MS, and Kavita Sail, MS College of Pharmacy, University of Houston Submitted February 3, 2006; accepted April 14, 2006; published October 15, 2006. Objective. The objective of this study was to examine factors such as academic competence, test competence, time management, strategic studying, and test anxiety, and identify whether these factors could distinguish differences among students, based on academic performance and enrollment in the experiential program. Methods. A cross-sectional study design utilizing questionnaires measuring previously validated constructs was used to evaluate the effect of these factors on students with low and high cumulative grade point averages (GPAs). Pharmacy students (N 5 198) enrolled at the University of Houston participated in the study. Results. Academic performance was significantly associated with factors such as academic competence and test competence. Students with a cumulative GPA of 3.0 or greater significantly differed in their level of test competence than those with a GPA of less than 3.0. Students enrolled in their experiential year differed from students enrolled in their second year of curriculum on factors such as test anxiety, academic competence, test competence, and time management skills. Conclusion. Test competence was an important...
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...The Jigsaw Discussion Protocol Puts the Pieces Together by Sara M. Ayele, PharmD, PGY1 Pharmacy Practice Resident, VA Maryland Health Care System According to the Accreditation Council for Pharmaceutical Education (ACPE) Standards, graduates from pharmacy schools must be active, lifelong learners.1 Pharmacists are playing an increasinging role in team-based patient care, according to a new study from the Pharmacy Workforce Center.2 Thus, student pharmacists must become effective communicators as well.3 Yet, most teaching methods used during pharmacy school emphasize content delivery rather than developing the skills a health professional needs on a team. Ideally instructional methods should not only deliver content, but also build communication and self-directed learning skills. The jigsaw technique appears to be an excellent way to achieve all of these aims.1 The jigsaw technique requires students to explore the content by bringing together multiple pieces of information, like a jigsaw puzzle. In order to master the material, students must gather all the “pieces” of the puzzle. Once the instructor determines the theme or content area to be explored, students are randomly divided into several small groups that are called “teaching” groups. Then, each student in the teaching group is assigned a portion of the material to be learned. Next, students in the various "teaching" groups who have been assigned the same material form an “expert group.” The expert group works...
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...Working as an intern during pharmacy school at the Lewis pharmacy in Brandon, SD has taught me much about community pharmacy. As an intern I was able to grow into many responsibilities. When I first started working I had no pharmacy experience and would consider myself very naïve to the world of pharmacy. My initial shifts consisted of getting familiar with the till, serving customers, becoming familiar with pharmacy workflow, filling prescriptions, and completing daily tasks. By the end of my internship, I was able to take on more of a pharmacist’s role by processing prescriptions, calling doctors, counseling patients on prescriptions and over-the-counter medications, and providing immunizations. Looking back from when I first started...
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...My first exposure to medicine came from the cartoon movie Osmosis Jones in which a cold pill (Drix) and white blood cell (Osmosis Jones) band together to combat a pathogenic villain, Thrax. That movie propelled my fascination on the composition of drugs, their chemical and physical properties, and how drugs interact with cells to improve immunity. During my pursuit to become a pharmacist, I faced many obstacles and triumphs, such as my neighborhood’s mediocre education system, or my ability to graduate from college. The rewarding experiences I have had in my research and my volunteer experience have focused my energies, and prepared me for the responsibilities that lie ahead as an aspiring pharmacist. While enrolled in high school, I was often...
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...sample that I chose to analyze was "Thinking in Pharmacy Practice: A Study of Community Pharmacists' Clinical Reasoning in Medication Supply Using the Think-Aloud Method" by Hayley Croft, Conor Gilligan, Rohan Rasiah, Tracy Levett-Jones, and Jennifer Schneider. In summary, the article discussed the examination of the thought processes of ten pharmacists when working in a community setting. From the qualitative data that was collected, the researchers derived seven core thinking processes and find these processes essential to emphasize while teaching and in pharmacy practice. The seven core thinking processes were considering prescription in context, retrieving information, identifying medication-related issues, processing...
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...During my IPPE rotation at Walgreens I had a wonderful time assisting patients as well as the immense interactions I had with my preceptor and the pharmacy technicians on staff. At my site there were many types of patients, the ones I saw who visited frequently were the middle aged males and females. They would usually come in for a flu shot or they just wanted to have a consultation with my preceptor about how they were feeling on that day. While my preceptor checked the pills I was filling the scripts for them. At times my preceptor would call me and tell me to shadow her so I could see what to look for when checking the medicine. As time went on and the busier we got my preceptor wanted me to keep filling the scripts until we got past the...
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...PHARMACY CAREER 1 Pharmacy Careers Daniel F. Bohmer Saint Leo University PHARMACY CAREER 2 Finding a career within the pharmacy profession holds appeal for many reasons: a strong job market, high pay, work equality, divergent career opportunities and favorable working conditions in a profession that consistently ranks at the top in Gallup’s annual poll of most trusted professions. Careers all across the ever-evolving health care industry have seen consistent growth in demand over the last several years, with no projections for slowing down. Pharmacists can look forward to higher than average employment opportunities. The U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), projects a 25% growth in demand through 2020. This increase is attributed to an ageing population, advances in medicine, increased number of people with insurance coverage and the expanding role of pharmacists in patient care. Additionally, pharmacy students have the envious distinction of a nearly 100% job placement in their career field within a year of graduation. Another appealing aspect of the profession is pharmacists enjoy a relatively high median salary. In the most recent statistics published by the BLS, the median wage is nearly $115,000 per year. Earning potential is projected to continue to rise due to the predicted high growth in jobs, without a corresponding increase in the number of graduates entering the profession. When it comes to work equality, careers in pharmacy continue...
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...The effectiveness of the brand name Lactaid versus CVS dairy relief brand in breaking down lactose in whole milk. Methods and Materials The following protocol was implemented in order to indirectly measure glucose levels after the brand name “Lactaid” or “CVS” store brand lactase was added to a sample of 100 % whole milk. Milligrams per deciliter of glucose is the dependent variable, independent variable include Lactaid caplets versus CVS pharmacy brand caplets. 100 % whole milk, amount of milk and temperature were used for control variables. Materials necessary for this experiment were a glucose sensing device not to be confused with a diabetic glucometer, glucose liquid test strips, wall thermometer, three oral thermometers, original strength Lactaid-120 caplets-3000 FCC lactase units, original strength CVS Dairy relief-120 caplets, 3000 FCC lactase units and three 200 ml beakers. Some items were borrowed from the school laboratory and others were purchased from a “CVS” pharmacy. The milk was kept refrigerated prior to testing. Three beakers contained 150 mL of 100 % whole pasteurized milk. Prior to adding the store brand lactase and Lactaid enzymes, the milk was allowed to reach room temperature by setting the milk on a table for thirty minutes. Room temperature was approximately 70 degrees Fahrenheit and the air did not feel hot nor cold. The temperature was taken at the time the milk was poured and again at the 30 minute mark. Thermometers were cleaned using dish soap and...
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...Dickinson University School of Pharmacy Assignment #1: Prescription Label Assessment Student: Site: ___________________________ ______________________ Date: __________________________ Preceptor Signature: ______________ Print Name: ___________________________ 1. Items on the prescription label that are required by New Jersey State Law: 2. Items on the prescription label that are not required by New Jersey State Law: 3. Overall opinion as to the overall appearance and acceptability of the label in your pharmacy: 4. Reference(s) used for this assignment: . PRECEPTOR COMMENTS (OPTIONAL): Fairleigh Dickinson University School of Pharmacy Assignment #2: Over-the-Counter Medication Assignment Student: ______________________ Site: _________________________ Date: _____________________ Print Name: ________________ Preceptor Signature ___________________ Please use the respective forms on the following pages to complete this assignment: 1. Category 1: Cough/Cold and Allergies (REQUIRED) Reference(s) used for this assignment: 2. Category 2: Women’s Health (REQUIRED) Reference(s) used for this assignment: 3. Category 3: Please indicate the category you chose for this assignment.(Select ONE of the following: Pain/Fever; Constipation/ Diarrhea; Heartburn/Dyspepsia; Smoking Cessation) Reference(s) used for this assignment: PRECEPTOR COMMENTS (OPTIONAL): Fairleigh Dickinson University School of Pharmacy Assignment #2: Over-the-Counter...
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...and think of all the things that have bothered you throughout the day, and just clear them from your mind. I was surprised the first time I tried it because it worked, and I felt a sense of peace within myself. Meditation has also served as motivation for me to get through the work week, and also through the day. Motivation has always been something I have always had with my family. At times, my family is the biggest push I have to do better in life. They always tell me to do my best, but be better than what they are. I understand that, but sometimes it gets hard. I have this one aunt that no matter what the situation is, she always speaks of it in a positive light, and lets me know that failure is not an option for us. She is going to school to be a chef at the age of 45, and that is enough motivation for me. I feel it is enough motivation because it inspires me to go for my dream, and no matter how old you get, your dreams are still attainable as long as the information you are being taught is processed correctly, then there is no reason to fall off. Information processing is a very interesting topic to talk about. This topic is interesting because not everybody can process and understand information at the same rate, some take a...
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...Fall 2014-Spring 2015 Tuition, Fees & Other Expenses Undergraduate, Graduate & Professional Students www.enrollment.vcu.edu/accounting TUITION & FEE CHARGES Tuition is determined by the student’s residency status, the number of credit hours for which the student is registered, the student’s course of study, and the student’s classification level. Undergraduate An undergraduate student (freshman, sophomore, junior or senior) registered for 12 or more credits hours during any semester is classified as full-time. Non-Block Undergraduate Student: Students who are newly admitted to an undergraduate degree or certificate program beginning in or after the Fall 2013 Semester are classified as non-block for tuition assessment purposes. Non-block undergraduate students registered for less than 15 credit hours are charged tuition at a per-credit-hour rate. If registered for 15 or more credit hours, tuition for the additional credits hours (15 or more) will be assessed at a reduced per-credit-hour rate. The mandatory fees are charged at a per-credit-hour rate for one to 12 credit hours. The mandatory fees cap at 12 credit hours. Block Undergraduate Student:: Undergraduate students who were enrolled in a degree or certificate program prior to the Fall 2013 Semester and are not required to reapply for admissions to the University are classified as block for tuition assessment purposes. Part-time undergraduate students, those enrolled in fewer than 12 credit...
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...A Case Study of the Employee Turnover Problem in Walgreens Co. Jason Nguyen GM 591 Leadership and Organizational Behavior Professor Horst August 19, 2011 Introduction Walgreens Pharmacy is a drugstore chain that operates in the United States. This Company provides its customer with multichannel access to consumer goods and services, and pharmacy, health and wellness services in communities across America. Walgreens has become a fortune five hundred company and a popular landing spot for new college gradates. Instead of becoming a permanent home for new employees, it has become a stepping-stone for better job opportunities. This study provides literature reviews, problem analysis, and solution recommendations for the employee turnover tendency problem facing Walgreens Pharmacy. Walgreen offers its products and services through drugstores, as well as through mail, by telephone, and via the Internet. It sells prescription and non-prescription drugs, as well as general merchandise, including household products, convenience foods, personal care, beauty care, candy, photofinishing and seasonal items. Its pharmacy services include retail, specialty, infusion, medical facility, long-term care and mail service, along with pharmacy benefit solutions and respiratory services. Walgreens corporate, located in Deerfield Illinois, is in charge of overlooking all of the operation within the organization. My role in the organization is a Business Analysis. I am...
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...Revision Professional Roles and Values Project John Western Governors University Professional Roles and Values In this essay I will explain the differences between a Professional Nursing Organization, PNO, and a Regulatory Agency, such as the Board of Nursing, B.O.N., give two examples of how provisions from a nursing code of ethics influence my practice, discuss four traits from the ANA’s code of ethics that will be brought to an interdisciplinary team of healthcare professionals. I will identify a nursing theory and explain how it has influenced my professional practice as well as discuss the contributions of one historical nursing figure has impacted my nursing practice, including modern-day application. I will tell you of a scenario in which I safeguarded two of the following principles for a patient. (Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Respect for autonomy, and Justice). A. Functional differences between Regulatory Agencies and Professional Nursing Organizations: Functional differences between a professional nursing organization and regulatory agencies can be can be described as Professional organizations advocate for the nurses, whereas regulatory agencies, like the Board of Nursing, regulates nursing licensure and nursing practice. The BONs main duty is to ensure the safety of the public and the patients being served by nurses. Professional nursing organizations provide a group of nurses a way of communicating, sharing information, provide education, lobbying...
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...However, between 1780 and 1808, the basic requirements stated that stewards have a basic understanding of mathematics, chemistry, pharmacy, and must be able to read and write. In 1808, however, Dr. Edward Cutbush set guidelines of what a steward should be; he should be honest and trustworthy. In 1813, there was a demand for stewards to drill with infantry soldiers while also learning their trade while on the job. After the Civil War, Hospital Stewards were required to take an exam of their knowledge of medicine. These tests were extremely difficult and the only stewards that were exempt from taking them were stewards who had been practicing for more than 25 years. After the completion of a first examination, on the job training, and a second examination, there were significantly less personnel left to fill the positions available. The Medical Corps only needed and wanted...
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...I had a patient that was known to be unruly, would try to roll out of bed, and was unwilling to communicate. When I was in the room assessing him, he began to try to roll out of the bed after having an argument with his brother and becoming agitated. I tried my best to reason with him and keep him in bed, but no matter what I tried, he refused to stay in bed. I used his call light to call the nurse for some assistance. However, a tech came in and helped me to reposition the patient in bed. She then raised all four bedrails and started to leave the room. This was still during my first clinical rotation and I was unsure on rules and when I should speak up about the care of a patient since I had not learned much yet. I felt unsure and scared about speaking up to the tech because I did not want to offend her or make her mad. However, I knew I had to do what was best for the patient regardless of how I felt. Before she could leave I told her that leaving all four rails up was a form of restraint and that it was unethical to use restraints on a patient when the doctor had not ordered. She reluctantly came back to the bed a lowered two of the bedrails. By this point the patient had started to calm down and was staying in his bed. This gave the nurse time to call the doctor and see what he suggested to do so the patient would not fall in the...
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