...not afraid to leave their homes and take strolls through the neighborhood at night, whenever they felt like walking to get some fresh air, thanks to the police. The policing throughout the city and in the neighborhood s made citizens feel safe, people were not afraid to leave their homes and sit outside on their front porches. However, as time began to change the world, policing changed as well. In this paper this author will evaluate the past, present and future trends in the interface between components of the criminal justice system and criminal justice connections with surrounding society which involves policing in the United States of America. Sometimes it’s better to let the things in the past, stay in the past but not when it comes to policing, back in the late 1800s and early 1900s police made people feel safe within their community. Police officers would walk the streets patrolling the neighborhood, standing on street corners talking to the neighbors in the community and actually getting to know the people who they help protect. That was when citizens and police officers actually knew each other on a first name basis, when citizens felt police officers cared about them and what went on in their community. During this era citizens felt safer and had a better relationship with the police but as time went on and technology got better the relationship that was developed between...
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...this crime. This essay focuses on money laundering and argues the effectiveness of the transnational policing of this crime; money laundering is one of the world’s most prevailing organised crimes. This essay firstly defines policing from contrasting viewpoints of different philosophers as well as identifying modes of the police. I will explore the modes of policing and various definitions of policing; this essay considers definitions and approaches to policing through a transnational concept with influences from prominent figures within the ideology of transnational policing. The conventional process of money laundering is clarified together with implications of the how this global crime effects other crimes as well as society as a whole. Aided with two case studies I give examples of how money laundering takes place; taking into hindsight the effectiveness of the policing of money laundering. This essay also addresses the connection between money laundering and the risk society theory whilst also taking into consideration the contrasting views of domestic police modes and transnational police modes. Through addressing ways in which money laundering is combated through global organisations such as Interpol, I critically address significant notions of the policing of money laundering. Policing is typically understood as a method of crime control; however the term policing has different definitions. Bittner (1970) suggests “the function of the police in modern society is...
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... Public policing has been known to have a monopoly on policing until the increased trend of private policing in the United States. Private policing, while emerging as a new industry, is not a new phenomenon and predates the existence of public police as witnessed today (Wilson 1994). Public and private policing have many similarities, as well as differences and the distinction between public and private police are often blurred. Private police look and behave like public police and describing their function often involves a comparison of the activities and responsibilities of the two. Despite the differences, public and private police tend to mirror each other to a certain extent (Nalla & Newman, 1990). The increase of private policing has been in response to many changes in society such as the increase of "mass private property" (Shearing and Stenning, 1983) in the form of large shopping complexes, cinemas, large retail stores and large compound style housing estates or gated communities. These require constant surveillance for the safety of shoppers and residents. In fact, adequate security has become one of those value-added extras that attract customers and residents. Technological advances, such as high-tech video surveillance cameras, computers, mobile phones, and satellites have increased the need an increase of security personnel for monitoring, investigating and analyzing. Private policing has been described in many different aspects such...
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...preparing criminal defenses, serving legal documents, locating witnesses and interviewing them, interviewing police, and gathering and reviewing evidence. Corporate investigators deal with business issues. Intellectual property theft is usually investigated by those with a background in patent and trademarks. A financial investigator may have a public accounting background How does a private investigation service work? �When you hire a private investigation service, the investigator will discuss the case with you. This discussion will enable him to assess whether the case is legal, ethical and the possible approach to be taken towards solving it. �Next you and the investigator will need to agree on a budget and plan for collection of the necessary information. �The investigator then conducts the investigation. Evidence is gathered in such a way that it can be presented in court if necessary. The investigator then thoroughly analyzes the evidence and reports the findings to you. Sources of information Private investigators rely on multiple sources to collect information. �Surveillance: The target under surveillance is followed to see where he goes and who he meets. Investigators often carry a sophisticated camera to document the movement of the target. Private investigators usually conduct surveillance from public property to avoid any legal issues. Before the surveillance can...
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...According to the book “Ways of Reading” by Bartholomae, Petrosky, and Waite, panopticism in Foucault’s paper is the all Seeing Eye. He starts his essay of by talking about the plague in the seventeenth century. There was a closing of the town and its outer lying districts. Each street was placed under the authority of a syndic, who keeps it under surveillance. Each house was watched over by the syndic who would come to lock each door from the outside of the house. Everyone was quarantined into their homes. The severity of this lack of freedom was expressed in Foucault’s essay when he said inspection functions ceaselessly. The gaze is alert everywhere, and a considerable body of militia, commanded by good officers and men of substance, guards everyone, everywhere, to prompt the obedience of the people. Foucault discussed the rise of lepers, which also gave rise to disciplinary projects. Rather than separating people into groups, like they did during the plague, multiple distinctions were used to separate people. The plague-stricken town was, as Foucault states, traversed throughout the hierarchy, surveillance, writing, the town immobilized by the functions of extensive power. In order to have the perfect disciplinary functioning, one would put themselves in the place of the syndic during the plague. This control over people functioned to cut them off from all contact with each other. According to the reading, Foucault talked about the Panopticon, a building that was separated...
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...There is No Such Thing as a Power Shortage In his essay “Panopticism”, Michel Foucault interprets the power-dynamics ingrained in the structure of the panopticon, a self-disciplining prison built by Jeremy Bentham in the nineteenth century. Foucault investigates the functions of the panopticon and realizes that it provides the framework for many aspects of modern society. However, “ panopticism has received little attention” because its utility has been greatly diffused in the lives, to the point where its functions are not readily recognized, of every individual (Foucault 234). Foucault writes his essay in 1975, describing ways that his theory of panopticism is present within past centuries and can be directly connected with society during his time. Almost thirty-five years later, the advances in society have increased leading to greater technology such as, portable computers, cell phones, and the Internet. These developments were beyond the initial scope of Foucault, yet panopticism’s function to construct individuals effectively is endless and timeless. In modern society, there is a booming population of people of all ages utilizing social networking sites including Facebook. Although individuals on Facebook may not advertently realize the presence of panopticism, they are in fact conditioned in its function as both the observer and the observed. The panopticon is an architecturally unique prison that severs the function of a machine. In the center of the building there...
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...Police Storefronts Essay Lue Banks GCU Organizational Behavior and Leadership in Criminal Justice Home JUS 515 Prof. Vivian December 09, 2015 Police Storefronts Essay During the 1980s and 90s in response to the rising crime and the lack of police manpower, improvements were called for, community policing, “broken windows” policing, “pulling levers” policing, problem-oriented policing, hot spots policing, third party policing, evidence-based policing and Compstat. Police really hate change especially police departments, when it comes to implanting new programs. In the inner-city residents is trying hard to stay “street cred” in order to curb violence. The violence is all about drugs and money, the base cost of this is poverty, disrupted families, lack of opportunity and hopelessness exacerbate youth violence. Homicide was on the rise within poor African American neighborhoods and the leading cause of death among young men. Big cities like White Plains, New York are a typical example with all the downtown developments, where the rich hang out with the poor, where gangs flourished. The FBI conducted a study on violent crimes and between 2005 and 2006, crime increased across the United States. In 2006 violence exploded in White Plains, a fatal gang-related stabbing in March, a fatal shooting in May and in September 2 youth involved stabbings, all occurred in the heart of downtown. During the White Plains Experience the first session consisted of the Youth-Police Initiative...
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...Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation CJA/ 394 Vicki Jones January 29, 2012 Jill Violanda Parr In society today, we as the people of the society want to be able to feel safe in our community no matter where we are or what we are doing. There should not be any reasoning why we should not feel safe in our own community or our own neighborhood or even in our own homes. We should be able to get up every morning without having to look around and make sure it is safe to leave the bedroom, also we should be able to walk out our front door without having to look over our shoulders to make sure there is not anything or anyone that’s going to harm us. No matter what, in our community we should be able to feel safe from harm. In this essay I am going to evaluate the past, present and the future trends in the interface between components of the criminal justice system and criminal justice connections with surrounding society. I have always heard this phrase, “Whatever is the past is the past so let it stay in the past”. But when we are looking into the past and thinking of how society was then we can always say that we as a community felt safe. Our law enforcement back in the 1800’s was always there to protect us no matter what the situation was. Law Enforcement officers back then were a lot more respectful, they always treated everyone the same and did not so favoritism. Law enforcement officers back then also were always making sure that every neighborhood was safe. They would...
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...information that may have been overlooked. There are two question I would like to answer at the end of this course. Question One: What steps are being implemented to help with drug enforcement and are the changes successful statistically? Question Two: What agencies collaborate to implement steps to help with changes made for drug enforcement? These two questions are relevant to my professional goals. This will help me learn the different roles of a probation officers. I would like analyze the law and steps used to enforce drug enforcement. My goal is to gather information that will help me answer my essay questions. Research is required to help me determine the steps used to created drug enforcement. Anyone working with drug enforcement may find themselves in danger. This is due to the fact they work with gang members and high risk felons. This job requires them to do surveillance and assist in drug busts. Probation officers are not required to assist with drug busts. However, they may have to create a list of goals and resources for clients required to report. Clients will report to probation officers maybe once or twice a...
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...Q3. The main role of the police has always been one of maintaining public order. Discuss. While the main roles and functions of police have evolved and developed over time the major responsibility of maintaining public order has remained the primary role. There are many varied roles and positions within the police however it seems there is a shared focus on maintaining public order. This is evident through all of the eras of policing and portrayed through a number of incidents, events and periods of time. A small sample of these will be used throughout this essay to depict the main role of police at different stages. Public order regulation is defined as the policing of behaviour in public places, maintaining public order and can also be done through crime control and prevention (White & Perrone 2010: 225). Maintaining public order through various methods of crime control, crime prevention, order maintenance and regulation is evident in the functions of every era of policing (Broadhurst & Davies 2009: 47). Police are often required to conduct public order surveillance, intervention and monitoring at major public events for example sporting events, parades such as Mardi Gras, strikes, funerals or marches (White & Perrone 2010: 289). Upholding public order can also extend to policing domestic violence and other disputes (White & Perrone 2010: 289). The above outlines of the functions through all of the eras of policing reinstate that maintaining public order is...
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...STX Engelsk Eksamen Delprøve 2B 2014 Analytic essay: “Big Brother is watching you more closely than ever:CCTV Cameras, the Spies in our midst. Privacy is essential to our humanity. It permits us to shape and maintain lives, from which personal identity, selfdetermination and freedom arise. In today’s society, however, undisturbedness is mainly an illusion. The line between privacy and public space has simply become as fragile as porcelain. This is due to increased monitoring of human behaviour. In “Big Brother is watching you more closely than ever”, written by John Kampfner in 2012, it is discussed whether surveillance provides protection or disturbs the individual liberty. A coherent structure in essence is the foundation for the written amount of text. The article consists of three components: an introduction, a body and a conclusion. Thus it achieves structural integrity. The text mostly centers on the subject of surveillance and its effect on society. To what extent the use of security cameras can be justified is, however, also a focus of attention. The major topic is presented in the introduction by using the words: “The march of CCTV cameras.” The ideas, to which the writer will adhere when discussing the theme, are likewise indicated in the introductory section. The body, where the issue is elaborated, covers the critical evidence that defends the position of John Kampfner. The documentation includes specific facts, description, quotations and...
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...Currently, Britain is thought to be a ‘surveillance society’ by using technology to monitor the actions of the population by using more than 6 million CCTV cameras (Daily Mail, 2016). In support of mass surveillance, the ‘if you have nothing to hide, then you have nothing to fear’ argument is used commonly against privacy advocates. However, there are those that have discredited this claim and argue against it. In this essay, arguments will be made to explain why I disagree with the statement ‘if you have nothing to hide, then you have nothing to fear from surveillance’. This will be done by exploring the right to privacy, the problem with not knowing...
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...Thomas West Final Exam Essay Technology in criminal justice is advance faster than we can imagine. With new computer software, GPS tracking devices, and many other electronics there are more tools than ever that police departments have available to them. With new technology comes new problems such as privacy issues that can infringe on people’s rights. New technology can be restricted and these restrictions can determine how effective this new technology is and how it is used. Some concerns that people have with this technology is how they are being monitored with it. Things such as GPS tracking devices that are as small as a pen can be put on anything and can be track no matter where it goes. To some this seems like a great idea to implement it into criminal justice to help police track criminals, but to others this is a new way police can violate our right to privacy. This ethical dilemma can only be regulated by legislation that can restrict the uses of it in law enforcement. This can eliminate this technology from ever being used legally. In my opinion that is something that can restrict new advances in criminal justice. Being able to track suspects without having to perform physical surveillance can help save police money and small GPS trackers can go were officers trailing someone can’t. In my opinion this new technology is a great advancement and should not be halted by legislation. I know that many people disagree with me when I say that I don’t care if I am being...
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...and limits political messages. Using McLuhan’s tetrad, this study examines how the internet is problematic for cop-watching groups. In particular, the internet is said to yield consequences through how it (1) enhances or intensifies how the viewer experiences political messages through speed, (2) retrieves the importance of the narrator, (3) renders previous media increasingly obsolete, yet opens up new avenues for commercial dominance, and (4) creates additional reversals or other problems for video activism, such as the mass proliferation of surveillance and formatting discussion in counter-productive ways. Introduction Take a look at the lawman, beating up the wrong guy, Oh man! Wonder if he’ll ever know, He’s in the bestselling show. —David Bowie, Life on Mars Accelerated technological growth and the proliferation of surveillance equipment has allowed for a significant increase in the breadth and power of surveillance assemblages. Despite authorities seeking to maintain control over...
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...The novel “1984” describes the results of drastic totalitarianism which tramples the dignity of humans who are under the control of an omnipresent, Big Brother. Many people do not believe that the novel “1984” is significant to our society. Likewise they think that the novel itself posses very little relevance to the modern world. Though many people might think 1984 is solely relevant to the post after World War II politics, but the fact is that today any of us could become Winston or Julia. It is clear that the circumstances of novel “1984” are revealing to our society with the three slogans; War is Peace, Freedom is Slavery, and Ignorance is Strength, invasion of privacy and physical Control. This essay will go on to discuss these points in greater detail. “War is Peace, Freedom is slavery, Ignorance is Strength” which is the three slogans of the English Socialist Party of Oceania emerges the...
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