...Pop art is now most associated with the work of New York artists of the early 1960s such as Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, James Rosenquist, and Claes Oldenburg, but artists who drew on popular imagery were part of an international phenomenon in various cities from the mid-1950s onwards. Following the popularity of the Abstract Expressionists, Pop's reintroduction of identifiable imagery (drawn from mass media and popular culture) was a major shift for the direction of modernism. The subject matter became far from traditional "high art" themes of morality, mythology, and classic history; rather, Pop artists celebrated commonplace objects and people of everyday life, in this way seeking to elevate popular culture to the level of fine art. Perhaps owing to the incorporation of commercial images, Pop art has become one of the most recognizable styles of modern art. By creating paintings or sculptures of mass culture objects and media stars, the Pop art movement aimed to blur the boundaries between "high" art and "low" culture. The concept that there is no hierarchy of culture and that art may borrow from any source has been one of the most influential characteristics of Pop art. It could be argued that the Abstract Expressionists searched for trauma in the soul, while Pop artists searched for traces of the same trauma in the mediated world of advertising, cartoons, and popular imagery at large. But it is perhaps more precise to say that Pop artists were the first to recognize...
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...Art and Culture Comprehensive Outline Art and Culture Comprehensive Outline I. (Introduction) Thesis: How technology, diversity and the relationship between art and popular culture has changed throughout the years and the affects it has had towards the 20th century. II. The influence of technology on evolution of each of the art form: architecture, photography, sculpture, and painting. A. New technology development led to changes in materials used and evolution styles. 1. Computers. 2. Programs. B. Types of arts affected and why. 3. Paintings. 4. Photography. 5. Architecture. 6. Sculpture. III. The role of diversity in the development of the arts and how it changed throughout the 20th century. C. The role of women and their influence on the various arts. 7. Feminine side 8. Softer side 9. Nature D. The role of ethnic minorities and their influence on the various arts. 10. Bright colors 11. Different cultural art a) Chinese b) African IV. The relationship between art and popular culture and how this developed during the 20th century. E. Popular culture and how it influenced the arts. 12. Pop art movement started as a rebellion against the Abstract Expressionists. 13. Arts now take many new forms such as cinema. 14. The advent of the modern camera came to the average...
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...was an American artist who was an influential part of the Pop Art movement in the 1960s. Roy Lichtenstein was born in New York in 1923 and he has created some of the most well-known Pop Art paintings and artworks. An example of his artwork is “Reverie”, it is a screen print by Roy Lichtenstein in 1965 in his iconic comic strip art style. “Reverie” by Roy Lichtenstein shows social commentary of mass production through the art movement it’s in, the technique used, the subject matter. “Reverie” is an example of an artworks that is part of the Pop Art movement. Pop Art developed in the early 1960s as a response to abstract expressionism. It was originally a British movement in the mid 1950s but it became a movement that became a social commentary on the mass-production and unoriginality of the culture in America. Artists in the movement used images or production techniques of everyday consumer life in America. In Lichtenstein ‘s case, he mimicked the style of comics in a way in which it seems to be made by a machine and not by hand, such technique is presented in “Reverie”. Pop Art glorified the everyday, making everyday objects and subjects into high art. It used commercial art as subject matters in painting. Pop art called attention to consumer projects as it mimicked the increasing advertisements, but it also served to glorify them as idealized images of contemporary culture. Pop art, according to Lichtenstein, was art that looks out into the world, appears to accept its environment...
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...Do you agree that Pop art is a critique of the values of post-War urban culture in the United States or is there some validity in the arguments that suggest that Pop art is another representation of profit-based propaganda? Select works from two or three artists to examine this question. Pop art was born out of the needs of Post-war America and its capitalist driven economy, where consumption was key and everything was a commodity that had to be readily available. The diversity within the movement arose from how the Pop artists approached this culture of post-war America, whether it was through parody, fetishization, or just pure replication; as well as what aspects of the culture they chose to reflect on. The sheer diversity of themes and styles covered by the various pop artists means that one cannot be too reductive when analysing this art movement. It is therefore with this in mind that this essay will examine just two Pop artists, Andy Warhol and Tom Wesselmann, to examine both artists’ use of commercial methods teamed with images borrowed from popular culture and how they established their own unique technique and style to reflect on the capitalist culture rising in America. Post-war America was a time of great growth and development, as America moved into a position of political and economic leadership, newfound pride in the American way of life and American culture flourished. The economic boom meant newfound freedom for Americans, as having money and freely spending...
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...IWT Task 1 (0813) This paper will analyze, critique, and help us to understand the music of the Harlem Renaissance and the Pop Art periods. The social conditions that influenced the art and the characteristics of the artists’ style were in many ways similar; however, with advancing technology, they had differing struggles to overcome. The Harlem Renaissance was sparked by the Great Migration from 1919 – 1926 in which African Americans began moving to northern cities to find employment and a better way of life. The musicians of this era were very influential in renewing the culture and history of the United States. Jazz, race, and class divided Harlem and New York cities. Some historians have said the best way to understand the Harlem Renaissance is by understanding the music (http://historyoftheharlemrenaissance.weebly.com/index.html; www.1920s-fashion-and-music.com/Harlem-Renaissance-1920s.html). With the roots of jazz coming from slave songs, it is truly an African-American invention. This newly formed music utilized the dissonant “blue” note. This modification to the to the standard major scale allowed the musician to play the note flat; usually the third, fifth, or seventh note of the scale. Music critic Sidney Finkelstein stated, “It expresses the hope and struggle for freedom, the vitality which enables a people to wrest joy out of misery and to assert the triumph of human beings over the obstacles that would grind them down.” ("MindEdge," 2014) Jazz was the sound...
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...Pop Art is a 20th century art movement that utilized the imagery and techniques of consumerism and popular culture. It does not describe a style; it is rather a collective term for the artistic phenomena in which the sense of being in a particular era found its concrete expression. When we apply the word “Pop” to art, we tend to associate with it various superficial aspects of society. The increasing commercialization which permeates our social reality has reduced notions of value such as “the good, the true and the beautiful”. The rules of civilization mould our images of people and things, and of nature and technology. Pop is cheerful, ironic and critical, quick to respond to the slogans of the mass media, whose stories make history, and whose clichéd models determine our behaviour. Pop is entirely a Western cultural phenomenon, born under capitalist, technological conditions in an industrial society. The centre of this was America, so as a result the cultures of the entire Western world have become Americanized. Pop Art analyses this and provides a visual response of our societies achievements in industry and fashion, but also of their absurdities; it traces the limits of a mass media society bursting out at the seams. Pop culture and lifestyle became closely intertwined in the sixties. The subject matter, forms and media of Pop Art reveal the essential characteristics of a cultural atmosphere and way of life we tend to associate with the sixties. The subject matter...
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...Mr. Spence | Pop Art | A Creative American art movement | || Art 0150/03 | | Art Research project “Pop Art” Beginning in Britain in the late 1950’s, Pop Art was an exquisite way to express independence around the society, during this time Britain was emerging from ‘post war’ years. Pop art began as a movement that expressed modern times. The first people to begin using the term Pop Art was a group of artist who called themselves The Independent Group. These students attended the Institute of Contemporary Art in London. The meaning of pop art is to appreciate popular/mass culture, otherwise known as the “visual art movement”. Before pop art, artist used abstract ways to compel their paintings. They also used geometric shapes in their pictures, such as circles, lines, triangles, cubes and cones. Pop artist embraced post W11 and the media boom from after the war. Pop art began as the marketing for commercial goods and the endorsement of the products the society socialized. After World War 2, there were many new ads were circulating and many more products were appearing. People began watching T.V. and movies; artist noticed the trend and started to use common ads as symbols of their art. The majority of Pop artist began their careers in commercial art such as Andy Warhol, Ed Ruscha, and James Rosenquist. Andy Warhol is a famous Pop Artist. Warhol’s works explored artistic expression, celebrity culture, advertisement and marketing that boomed in the...
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...Evolution of Pop Art by Marius Janavicius Critical and Cultural Studies Caroline Archer August 2011 During the 1960s Art Deco and Art Nouveau already were already established movements, which did not have the labels of “contemporary” styles. People were looking for something new, and shocking. Reactions towards established moral standards, social tensions which included race relations, sexual mores, women’s rights gave birth to total reassessment of old values. It was born twice: first in England and then again, independently, in New York. During the early 1950s, several London artists transformed the artifacts and mass media imagery of American popular culture into critical, satirical art works. They were responding to a flood of American postwar export of consumer goods, movies, magazines, comics and advertising. However, Pop Art became popular movement in United States. After the Second World War came the birth of the consumer society. The American way of life, with its emphasis on growth, quantity, consumption and fun, dominated western values. However, underneath many of the same old dark forces raged on: war - Berlin, Korea, Vietnam; racial unrest; the political intolerance of the early 1950s. Among the young, new values awoke, and protest movements sprang up. Pop art mostly opposed abstractionism, represented by Jackson Pollock. It was said that Pollock’s work terminated all connections with visible reality. Young artists blamed him for making art a mean...
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...Popular Culture Becomes Global Popular culture didn't require satellite television and the Internet to become global. When the first explorers took to the seas or traveled overland routes to distant places, they were influenced by, and returned with, examples of other cultures' popular art, artifacts and customs, such as drinking coffee. If that hadn't caught on, Starbucks would be stuck trying to sell cups of hot, frothy milk for three bucks a pop. The masses were usually not the first to experience exotic forms of popular culture, but they were exposed to them over time. The mixture of popular elements of different cultures was also one of the factors that began to blur the lines between popular and fine arts. While Kabuki Theater was accessible to all classes of Japanese people, Europe's aristocrats initially regarded it as high art. The Age of Industrialization: Relax, Enjoy In the case of popular arts especially (theater, dance, music and more recently movies and television), the masses must have sufficient time and resources to enjoy these arts. Technology is the catalyst that made this possible. Even though many 19th-century industrial laborers worked long hours, they did not generally work the dawn-to-dusk, seven-day-a-week schedules of agrarian toilers—cows need milking even on the Sabbath—and industrial laborers had more money in their pockets. This enabled them to enjoy entertainment venues and engage in hobbies, crafts and recreation outside their work lives....
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...Introduction Popular culture has over the decades come and replaced every single aspect of our lives from our traditions to our worldviews. We as Africans have slowly become adapted to popular culture just as quickly as we were to adopt the colonial view of civilization during the colonial era. From music to cinema, from theatre to art popular culture has slowly crept into the African culture in the form of mordanity. Some have been able to Africanize it but most of us disappeared within it and have become some sort of slaves. Artists such as Fela Kuti of Nigeria to Hugh Masekela from South Africa just to name a few have been able to mix African influences with popular art in their music to create music that cuts across every type of audience from the miner in the coal fields to the CEO of a blue chip company. Others have tried but have only concentrated on one part of this delicate equation which is the popular aspect. They produce content that is strictly for the market without have consideration for music as a craft. Key terms Culture: As defined by live science, Culture is the characteristics of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts. (http://www.livescience.com/21478-what-is-culture-definition-of-culture.html) Popular culture As defined by Webster Dictionary Pop culture Commercial culture based on popular taste: fashion, music art (http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/pop%2Bculture) ...
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...Running Head: DADAISM AND POP ART 1 IWT Task 1; Dadaism and Pop Art Angela Costa Western Governor’s University IWT Task 1; Dadaism and Pop Art Artistic interpretations have changed and molded tremendously throughout history. Many historical artists found art as an outlet for what was happening currently in their time periods. Dadaism began in Switzerland in 1916 as a response to World War I. Influenced by the earlier Cubism, this style of art ranged from paintings, sculptures, poetry, and photography. Dadaism is well known for the way it ridiculed materialistic and nationalistic attitudes. They were un-conventionalist in every manor. The Dada artists opposed and resented the social classes who thought that they could control the working class. Dadaists were disgusted by the nationalism that fed into World War 1 and were against any form of group leadership or dictatorship. They were upset that the modern European society would allow war to happen and this is how they knew to protest the idea of war. And if war was to happen then any traditions in any facet where thrown out the window, including art. They believed the art at this time had no meaning and if they were to continue to create art, they would make non-art to show that they did not agree with the current dramas. Dadaist tried to separate themselves from society norms in every which way they could. Even the explanation of how they got the name “Dada”...
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...satirical street art and subversive epigrams combine dark humour with graffiti executed in a distinctive stencilling technique. Such artistic works of political and social commentary have been featured on streets, walls, and bridges of cities throughout the world. Banksy's work was made up of the Bristol underground scene which involved collaborations between artists and musicians. According to author and graphic designer, Tristan Manco, and the book Home Sweet Home, Banksy "was born in 1974 and raised in Bristol, England. The son of a photocopier technician, he trained as a butcher, but became involved in graffiti during the great Bristol aerosol boom of the late 1980s." Observers have noted that his style is similar to Blek le Rat, who began to work with stencils in 1981 in Paris, Jeff Aerosol, who sprayed his first street stencil in 1982 in Tours (France), and members of the anarchy-punk band Crass, which maintained a graffiti stencil campaign on the London Tube System in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Banksy says, however, that he was inspired by "3D", a graffiti artist who later became a founding member of Massive Attack. Known for his contempt for the government in labelling graffiti as vandalism, Banksy displays his art on publicly visible surfaces such as walls, even going as far as to build physical prop pieces. Banksy does not sell photographs or reproductions of his street graffiti, however, art auctioneers have been known to attempt to sell his street art on location...
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...Art And Culture Art and Culture Since the beginning of time, artists have labored extensively to find innovative ways to convey sentiment, passion, and feeling. Telling stories and trying to unlock the minds of people through different avenues of artistic labors. Art touches and affects people in unique ways; it can have special or unusual meaning on the person depending on how one views it. Artists’ rendering of their art is interpreted in numerous ways by others who view it unless it is explained by the artist on its meaning giving a clear example of what they are portraying. Two people looking at the same painting, sculpture, portrait, or photo may come to different views on the arts meaning even though they are looking at the same item. Art is how one interprets it and what that person sees. In today’s society art is done in so many other forms and diverse categories. This essay will concentrate and bring together four art forms, photojournalism, painting, architecture, and sculpture. The in-depth examination of the subsequent arts will be concentrated to the following: The influence of technology on the evolution of each of the art forms: architecture, photography, sculpture, and painting. Diversity’s role in the development of the arts and how it changed throughout the 20th century. Art and popular culture’s relationship and how this developed during the 20th century. From the beginning of time, Art has been known as evidenced by the past relics. Technology certainly...
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...Art And Culture ARTS 125 Art and Culture Since the beginning of time, artists have labored extensively to find innovative ways to convey sentiment, passion, and feeling. Telling stories and trying to unlock the minds of people through different avenues of artistic labors. Art touches and affects people in unique ways; it can have special or unusual meaning on the person depending on how one views it. Artists’ rendering of their art is interpreted in numerous ways by others who view it unless it is explained by the artist on its meaning giving a clear example of what they are portraying. Two people looking at the same painting, sculpture, portrait, or photo may come to different views on the arts meaning even though they are looking at the same item. Art is how one interprets it and what that person sees. In today’s society art is done in so many other forms and diverse categories. This essay will concentrate and bring together four art forms, photojournalism, painting, architecture, and sculpture. The in-depth examination of the subsequent arts will be concentrated to the following: The influence of technology on the evolution of each of the art forms: architecture, photography, sculpture, and painting. Diversity’s role in the development of the arts and how it changed throughout the 20th century. Art and popular culture’s relationship and how this developed during the 20th century. From the beginning of time, Art has been known as evidenced by the past relics. Technology...
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...Hockney: His Life and His Art Biography David Hockney was born on July 9, 1937, in Bradford, England, to Laura and Kenneth Hockney. The Hockneys were, as David said, a "'radical working-class family.'" Laura and Kenneth were solid parents who only wanted their children to have the best education possible. Laura raised her children as strict Methodists and resolutely shunned smoking and drinking in the home. Kenneth was a passionate radical and a conscientious objector during World War I. David Hockney was always considered an eccentric in Bradford. He never really cared what people thought of him and always did as he pleased. He spent afternoons at Sunday School drawing cartoons of Jesus,...
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