...Echinoderms are one of the most highly derived groups of animals with many species as significant components of several marine communities. They’re classified by three fundamental shared characteristics: 1) pentaradial symmetry, 2) skeleton made of three-dimensional calcitic elements, and 3) the presence of a water vascular system with an external opening. This water-vascular system (WVS), in particular, remains a unique application of a hydraulic system, generating pressure gradients that are able to command hundreds of tiny, adorable tube feet to crawl over uneven surfaces and feeding on tough shelled prey like mussels. The basic components of the WVS in non-crinoid echinoderms (below) include a circumoral ring canal with five radial canals extending from off of it. Also attached to the ring canal is the madreporite, which acts as a door between the external environment of the sea and the internal environment of the echinoderm. The madreporite, named after its resemblance to the Madreporaria coral (meaning “mother of the pores”), is lined with cells that beat tail-like flagella in a variety of directions.The fluid inside the WVS is similar to seawater in composition but contains up to 60% more potassium ions, slightly higher concentrations of chloride ions, and freely floating albuminous protein. Sea cucumbers have also been found to have red blood cells in their WVS. Each radial canal has serially repeating pairs of shorter canals that attach to the tube feet, which are operated...
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...or more, radiating out. They generally have mouths on their undersides. On their radiating segments they have tube feet with suction pads that help them to move along the ocean floor. Most have a slow motion, but the Pointed Sand star happens to be the fastest, and can move thirty inches in one minute. The class Asteroidea is characterized by a size of under two centimeters to twenty- four centimeters, with segements that extend from a central body. They have a water vascular system, which means that water runs through the canals on the radiating segments. When the canals of the segments are filled with water, they expand and help the sea star to move. Sea Stars have have a mesodermal, or inner skeleton made up of ossicles, or calcareous plates. The Pointed Sea Star has its own habitat, eating habits, and reproductive system. Like all marine life, it has an ecological importance and status. The habitat of the Pointed Sand Star is in salt water oceans, from tidal pools to depths of seven hundred feet on the east and southeast coastal areas. They can also be found along Central American and northern South American coastal regions. All sea stars, including the Painted Sand Star, are carnivorous. They eat many types of marine life, such as sponges or barnacles. To feed, they exert their stomach and digest their food, and when they are finished, move their stomachs inside themselves again. Sea stars do...
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...29 CFR 1910 Subpart L - Fire Protection Physical Hazards Control; OSHT 1309 Freddy Sustaita Jr. Alisha Coneley November 19, 2015 Its 3:00pm, your sitting at your desk watching the clock, waiting for that longed for 5:00pm. All of a sudden, you start to smell smoke, then the fire alarms start blaring right outside of your office. Co-workers begin frantically running past your doorway toward the exit… There is a fire. What do you do? Do you run out of the door like others? Should you run through the office to make sure everyone else got out? You have no idea, you were not prepared for this. Your company is not prepared for this. Unfortunately this is a common occurrence throughout workplaces in America. Unfortunately, the lack of preparedness in the workplace for a fire kills hundreds of employees a year. Do not let this become your fate. Be prepared. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration has established a set of regulations for employers to ensure that workplaces and employees are all prepared to respond at the sound of fire alarms. No matter what regulations OSHA puts into place, risks of injury or death can only be minimized and not eliminated. Workers often find themselves in a dangerous situation when attempting to put out an office fire. With proper training, personal protective equipment and safe work practices, employees chances of surviving a workplace fire increases drastically. This paper will discuss, significant regulatory requirements in...
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...Financials24 VIII. Assessing Risk Factors28 IX. The Management Plan33 X. Summary38 XI. References39 II. Executive Summary Alvi H2O Inc. is an industry that provides new portable water purifier using Bio Sand Filter to target Haiti where there is a need in clean drinking water. The product is in high demand in Haiti as the country recovers from the 2010 earthquake. The company began in June 2013 with Alvaro Padilla as the president and founder. He is also the chief executive of operations and oversees all the operations in the business. He has the capability of running this business successfully since he holds an International Master in Business Administration. The management team to the company is also composed of Andrew Yap as the director of operations whose role is to oversee all the operational aspects of the business and Kimberly Taylor who will assist the director of operations in controlling and organizing resources in the organization. In addition, all of the management team will have the capacity to enable the company to achieve its goals and objectives. Business management and administration are major requirements for all our management team in order to run the business effectively. Alvi H2O Inc. provides an innovative Alvi Deluxe that helps in water purification. This new portable water purifier will ensure every...
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... China boasts an incredible population of citizens who are in need of clean water. While many companies are looking to get into the $14.2 billion market the country offers by cleaning the local tap water (Taylor, & Leung, 2009) there are those who may live or work in areas that will not have this water immediately. This could include manufacturing workers and wealthy business people who travel to remote areas who would like to use them at work and in their homes. In order to serve this market and others, a wise way to get into it is to offer Brita portable water filtration systems to individuals and the companies who hire them. Memo: Selling Portable Water Filtration System in China China boasts the world’s largest population with more than 1.3 billion people (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). Many of them are hard working and honest, but lack what industrialized nations should have: access to potable drinking water from the tap. For this reason, it is imperative that Brita International, market its portable filtration devices to them before other companies with an equal ability to penetrate the market do so. The key demographics include wealthy, health-conscious households as well as manufacturing workers. The wealthy families will be inclined to purchase a larger array of products, such as countertop systems for the family as well as canteen water bottles. As for the latter group, China’s manufacturing workforce boasts more...
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...In our case we analyzed Nestlé. Nestle bottled water is among the top five international brands of bottled water in volume of sales and in is sold in 35 countries. More than 90 percent of nestles water sales occur in North America and Europe. With Nestle being a company that is constantly growing and finding ways to increase their revenues Nestle is targeting the less expensive and lower risk alternative for increasing sales in Italy. With nestles company campaign geared towards portable bottled water, Nestle increased its share of $3billion Italian water market to 29 percent in 2004, up from 25.8 percent in 2003. Almost all of the increase was due to the sales of water in smaller, more portable bottle water. The fact that the majority of sales was due to smaller portable bottles tells us that there is potential demand for smaller portable bottle water in the Italian market. One way of increasing the sales of smaller portable bottle water, Nestle should focus on changing the deep-seated Italian habits of drinking water. Italians are not known to drink water on the go, for many years Italian mothers have warned their children not to eat or drink while walking because it can cause indigestion. Since Nestle has already started its campaign, and the results came up with increased market share, Nestle should stay on the game to establish its product position. Nestle should try and terminate this myth about how drinking water on the go can cause indigestion by creating...
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...Hot tubs enhance many homes across America, yet some people remain hesitant to purchase a unit of this type. They recognize a hot tub can be a great way to relax after a hard day at work and spend quality time with friends and family. Others understand these devices can be of great help in reducing pain and discomfort, and some find they sleep better after a session in a hot tub. Many homeowners opt for a stationary hot tub, one that may be set up and left in place permanently. One option to consider, however, is a plug and play unit. Many of these units can now be moved from location to location, depending on the size and water capacity. They tend to be smaller than their stationary counterparts and, again depending on the size and water...
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...Catering Marketing Plan Fressen Catering Page 1 2 3 4 5 Next Page > This sample marketing plan was created with Marketing Plan Pro software. Executive Summary Fressen Catering is a kosher catering company that serves the Philadelphia market. Fressen offers creative, colorful, and unusual food options for kosher, as well as the traditional kosher standbys. The service offerings are quite a change relative to the existing kosher catering market which is quite stagnant. Most people make the incorrect assumption that kosher means ordinary, boring food. This assumption prevails throughout the Jewish community so there is not much demand for new offerings. Fressen catering will inject new life into the kosher catering market, leveraging Chef Susan Cheflly's culinary skills to develop creative new catering options. Susan's advanced skills, industry insight, and a great market opportunity will allow Fressen Catering to reach profitability by month 11. Catering Marketing Plan Fressen Catering Page 1 2 3 4 5 < Previous Page | Next Page > This sample marketing plan was created with Marketing Plan Pro software. Situation Analysis Fressen Catering is a start-up company. Marketing is critical to its success and future profitability. Fressen offers creative, gourmet kosher catering for a wide range of events. The basic market need is a high quality, creative kosher catering company servicing the Philadelphia Jewish population...
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...The following paper discusses marketing plan for the Grayl, a water filtration equipment manufacturer that offers a personal water filtration device effective at eliminating particulates, chemicals, and water-borne pathogens by 99.9%, while decreasing the individual carbon footprint of plastic water bottles. The marketing plan will include the following; an overview of the organization and the Grayl water filtration bottle; a SWOT and competitive analysis; phases of the product life cycle; packaging, pricing, and channels of distribution; a segmentation and target market assessment; a description of the target market and their emotional and logical drivers; and a positioning statement. The assessment provides solid feedback on the features and benefits of the product as they relate to the individual needs of their target markets and the different behaviors they exhibit. Company Overview In 2012, a Seattle-based company was started by founder Nancie Weston based on a new idea that, with a little help from her friends, began to take shape into a viable company. Nancie had a dream of inventing new and innovating products that make a difference in people’s lives for those trying to achieve a healthier lifestyle while minimizing their carbon footprint. From this dream, Nancie focused her knowledge on creating cutting-edge technology for personal water filtration devices. To set her device apart from other water filtration products, Nancie created a sleek and modern design...
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...Industries, Inc. (H20 Industries) provides the service of ion exchange portable tanks. This is the process of purifying water for industrial purposes. H20 Industries will take advantage of an unsatisfied market need for segregated resin regeneration on a portable basis. The company will primarily focus its marketing strategies on offering segregated regeneration services to the untapped market of customers who require high-quality regeneration for their deionized (DI) water treatment facilities. The facility that H20 Industries will utilize is located in Newark, California and is already in limited production. Full production will begin at the end of September, with sales growing gradually to near capacity by the end of the first year, with very healthy gross sales in the first year, and increasing in the second and third years. 1.1 Objectives The primary objectives are: 1. To segment the market for portable regeneration service by stressing H20 Industries's capability at providing segregated regeneration. The goal is to reach monthly sales of 1,710 cu ft of segregated resin by the end of the first year. 2. To build up a dealership network of 15 knowledgeable and efficient water service companies who will represent H20 Industries in areas outside direct sales from the factory. 3. To set up a bulk regeneration facility with a capacity of 40 cu ft daily, and sell its full capacity in the large general portable exchange service market through its own sales force, and through...
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...Bug Out Bag Inventory Review Sheet *NOTE: Print in LANDSCAPE mode Review Date BOB Pack Item (Write in other items as necessary) Water and Hydration Fresh Drinking Water Collapsible Water Bottle Nalgene Style Water Bottle Metal Canteen Water Purification Tablets Water Filter/Purification System Food and Food Preparation Open and Eat Bars MRE Meals or Dehydrated Meals Metal Cook Pot Metal Cup Spork P-38 Can Opener Pot Scrubber Portable Pack Stove Fuel for Portable Pack Stove Quantity Notes Review Date BOB Pack Item (Write in other items as necessary) Clothing Lightweight Long Sleeve Shirt Pants Underwear Wool Hiking Socks Mid-weight Fleece Brimmed Hat Leather Work Gloves Shemagh Rain Poncho Shelter and Bedding Tarp Tent Sleeping Bag Ground Pad Fire Ignition Source Fire Tinder Waterproof Container Quantity Notes Review Date BOB Pack Item (Write in other items as necessary) First Aid First Aid Kit Insect Repellant Mylar Survival Blanket Hygiene Disinfecting Wet Napkins Hand Sanitizer All Purpose Soap Hygiene/Signal Mirror Small Pack Towel Toilet Paper Tools Survival Knife Multi-Tool Lighting LED Headlamp Mini LED Keychain Light Glowstick Candle Quantity Notes Review Date BOB Pack Item (Write in other items as necessary) Communications Cell Phone Crank Power Charger Emergency Radio with Hand Crank Survival Document Portfolio $500-$1000 in Small Denominations Quarters ...
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...INDUSTRY OVERVIEW Fuel cell principle: Discovered in 1839 by an English physicist, Sir William Grove, the fuel cell principle relies on the simple fact that water could be split into hydrogen and oxygen by sending an electric current through it, a process which is called electrolysis. Therefore, by reversing the procedure you could produce electricity and water. He created a primitive fuel cell and called it a “gas voltaic battery”. After experimenting with his new invention, Grove proved his hypothesis. Fifty years later, scientists Ludwig Mond and Charles Langer invented the term “fuel cell” when they attempted to build a practical model to produce electricity.[i] A fuel cell is an “electrochemical energy conversion device” that combines hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity, water, and heat. As opposed to the battery which stores all its chemicals inside, the fuel cell continuously produces electricity, as long as a source of fuel, e.g. chemicals, flows into the cell. Most fuel cells in use today use hydrogen and oxygen as the chemicals. Since fuel cells do not burn fuel, they make the process quiet, pollution-free and two to three times more efficient than combustion. A fuel cell system can be a truly zero-emission source of electricity, if the hydrogen is produced from non-polluting sources.[ii] Historical outlook: Space research first put the emphasis on the fuel cell technology. Indeed, in the 60s, the NASA chose that type of power generator to equip the...
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...PIPES and INSTALLATION AS IT AFFECTS PLUMBING INSTALLATION SERVICES. Plumbing is generally refers to as a system of pipes and fixtures installed in a building for the distribution of portable water and removal of waste water. But in a wider scope, Plumbing installation services can be categorised into the following classes namely: * Cold & Hot water supply system: This is basically distribution of Portable water to building/buildings both internally and externally. * External Water Reticulation: This is water distribution network for a vast area of land. This could either be for a city, town, village, community or an Estate. * Soil & waste drainage system: This is piping system for the removal of both Soil waste from WCs and bidet and Waste water from WHB,K.S, and baths to be drained to a septic tank/soakaway pit, sewage treatment plant or public sewer. This also could be both internally or externally. * Rainwater system: This involves piping to remove rain water from building/buildings to be channelled to storm drain or external gutter. * Fire fighting system: This aspect of services is to combat any class of fire outbreak within and outside the building/buildings. It is also sub-divided into the following categories: a) Fire hose reel pipe installation - internal b) Dry & wet riser pipe installation - internal c) Sprinkler pipe installation - internal d) Fire extinguisher installation – internal & external e) Fire...
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...The effect of temperature stress on dairy cows J. Praks When environmental temperatures move out of the thermoneutral zone (or comfort zone) dairy cattle begin to experience either heat stress or cold stress. Either stress requires the cow to increase the amount of energy used to maintain the body temperature and there is less energy available to produce milk. Thermoneutral zone is the range of environmental temperatures where normal body temperature is maintained and heat production is at the basal level. The ranges of thermoneutral zone are from lower critical temperature (LCT) to upper critical temperature (UCT). LCT is the environmental temperature at which an animal needs to increase metabolic heat production to maintain body temperature. UCT is the environmental temperature at which the animal increases heat production as a consequence of a rise in body temperature resulting for inadequate evaporative heat loss (Yousef, 1985). Thermoneutral zone depends on the age, breed, feed intake, diet composition, previous state of temperature acclimatization, production, housing and stall conditions, tissue (fat, skin) insulation and external (coat) insulation, and the behaviour of the animal. UCT is given as 25-26 ºC , LCT as a range from -16 to -37 ºC for dairy cows (Berman et al., 1985; Hamada, 1971). LCT for newborn calves is 10 ºC in dry and draught-free environment. LCT decreases to 0 ºC by the time the calf is 1 month old. Temperature-humidity index (THI) could be...
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...Bottled/Con Tap Essay Water-this element is important to our bodies and our lifestyle. But, what kind of water is better for us? The use of bottled water and tap water has been in this battle for an extended amount of time. Many people have debated that bottled water is much better in many ways. Other people had debated that tap water was better because of many reasons compared to bottled water. However, bottled water is a better consumable product that we can trust. Many factors add up to the reasons we think bottled water is superior. From convenience to health, bottled water has so many factors that make us feel safe to drink. The convenience play really big roles in water bottles. Water bottles are lightweight and are easy to carry around. Everyday you will see someone carrying a water bottle. Water is necessary to life and sometimes we might not have tap water around but you can visit any local grocer. Almost every store in the US carries these cheap portable bottles.“Consumers like bottled water...
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