...Portugal officially the Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: República Portuguesa), is a country located in Southwestern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula. It is the westernmost country of mainland Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east. Apart from continental Portugal, the Portuguese Republic holds sovereignty over the Atlantic archipelagos of Azores and Madeira, which are autonomous regions of Portugal. The country is named after its second largest city, Porto, whose Latin name was Portus Cale The land within the borders of the current Portuguese Republic has been continually fought over and settled since prehistoric times. After a period of Roman rule followed by Visigothic and Suebian domination, in the 8th century most of the Iberian Peninsula was conquered by Moorish invaders professing Islam, who were later expelled by the Knights Templar. During the Christian Reconquista, Portugal established itself as an independent kingdom from Galicia in 1139.[9] In the 15th and 16th centuries, as the result of pioneering the Age of Discovery, Portugal expandedwestern influence and established the first global empire,[10] becoming one of the world's major economic, political and military powers. The Portuguese Empire was the longest-lived of the modern European colonial empires, spanning almost 600 years, from the capture of Ceuta in 1415 to the handover of Macau in 1999 and granting of sovereignty to East Timor in 2002. The...
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...Portugal is located in Southern Europe and also includes the Azores and Maderia located in the Atlantic Ocean. The capital of Portugal is Lisbon which accounts for the highest population density; most people live in Portugal’s coastal regions rather than inland generally. Portugal gained its independence in the 12th century making it one of the oldest nations in Europe. People from many different origins: Phoenicians, Greeks, Carthaginians, Romans (who left us our language), northern Europeans and peoples from Mauritania. Portuguese is the third most spoken European language in the world and native tongue of about 200 million people. Many people in Portugal can also communicate in English, French and Spanish; seeing as Spain shares a boarder with them. Portugal is known for it’s…… Portugal was once one of the poorest countries in Western Europe but due to the end of dictatorship and the introduction of Democracy in 1974 as well as its incorporation into the European Union (EU) in 1986 it has significantly increased prosperity. An instrumental part of the force currently propelling Portugal has been an accounting profession that has developed considerably in status and performance, particularly in recent decades. History of Portugal’s Accounting System Portugal created a Board of Trade in 1755 along with a School of Commerce in 1759 because foreigners were dominating the marketplace and the Portuguese did not have the skills they needed to excel in the marketplace. These...
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...Restructure the Old Regime The events of 1968 are crucial to an understanding of the background of the revolution The momentous occurrences in that year are – the selection of Marcello Caetano as new premier following the disabling illness of Antonio Salazar (and ultimate death in 1970), awareness that the colonial African wars begun in 1961 could continue indefinitely, acceleration of development in Portugal through increased foreign investment, and continuing emigration of Portuguese workers to Western Europe. For six years, nothing is resolved and Caetano proves to be an ineffective ruler. In Africa, guerrilla warfare increases but the regime is unwilling to accept the independence of the colonies. In Portugal, dissatisfaction with the dictatorship grows, as is evident by waves of illegal strikes, acts of violence and emergence of political opposition in the early 1970s. 1974-1975 – The Main Revolution TIMELINE January 1974 – The MFA (Movement of the Armed Forces) condemns the Caetano government as being responsible for the ills of the nation and calls for democratization of Portugal and independence for the colonies. Despite revolts from right wing generals and units from Caldas da Rainha, the MFA plans the coup. April 1974 – A successful revolt is carried out by a group of army officers and the Caetano government is toppled. General Antonio Rebeiro de Spinola becomes President. May 1974 – Severe demonstrations begin all over the country; strike waves hit all sections...
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...Factors affecting Economy 4.1 Politics 4.2 Education 4.3 Corruption 4.4 Population 4.5 Health 5. Monetary Policy and Inflation 5.1 Exchange Rates 5.2 Inflation 6. Labour Market and Unemployment 7. Conclusion 8. Bibliography 1. Background Portugal joined European Union in 1986 and the euro zone in 2002. It is a developed country and has a very high human development index with the current world ranking of 41. Human Development Index is a composite statistic used to rank countries by level of “human development” measured in terms life expectancy, literacy, education, and standards of living in a country. However, in 2011, the country was hit by a sovereign debt crisis and is now under the bailout programme via the European Union – International Monetary Bailout Fund. As the country is under euro debt, the market pressure will continue to keep the state volatile. 2. Measuring Economic Activity 2.1 GDP Exhibit 2.0 Portugal using euro as of 1 January 2002, accompanied by another 11 other European Union nations. Since it started using euro, Portugal’s economy has grown at an annual average rate of 1%, compared with 1.4% in the euro area (exhibit 2.1). In 2011, as a result of market detoriation, the GDP decreased by 1.6%. Infact, even this was offset by a robust growth...
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...Portugal Portugal is a very beautiful and amazing country. The location is also in a very wonderful spot. The absolute location is 39.30 degrees North by 8.00 degrees West. Portugal is located by only a few different places. On the East, of Portugal, is the Atlantic Ocean and on the North and West is Spain. Portugal is also part of the Iberian Peninsula. There are only two countries that make up the Iberian Peninsula: Spain and Portugal. Portugal has very many major landforms, especially mountain ranges and rivers. A few of the main mountain ranges are the Serra da Estrela and Serra de Monchique. One of the Mountain Ranges is Serra da Estrela. It is located in central Portugal. The highest peak, of the mountain range, is Torre. Serra da...
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...Portugal Portugal is a very beautiful and amazing country. The location is also in a wonderful spot. The absolute location is 39.30 degrees North by 8.00 degrees West. Portugal is located by one country and one body of water. To the west and north of Portugal, is the Atlantic Ocean. To the south and east is Spain. Portugal is also part of the Iberian Peninsula. There are only two countries that make up the Iberian Peninsula: Spain and Portugal. Portugal has many major landforms. These include mountain ranges and rivers. A few of the main mountain ranges are the Serra da Estrela and Serra de Monchique. The Serra da Estrela is located in central Portugal. The highest peak of this mountain range is Torre. Serra da Estrela is usually hiked...
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...Cultural Aspects Over the centuries, Portugal had many different cultures dating back to prehistoric and pre-roman civilizations, until becoming its own independent kingdom in 1139 A.D. Portugal’s culture consists of an admiration for art, music, dance, and drama. Some main cities portraying the culture strongly are: Porto, Braga, and Coimbra. Portugal has a high frequency of tourism throughout the year. Such a culture leads to tourism. Tourists are mainly attracted to the popular beaches across the coasts, but are also drawn to the historic castles dispersed throughout the country. Portugal not only has historic castles, but also ruins of ancient villas and forts dating back to the times of Celtic and Roman occupation. The new age architecture...
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...------------------------------------------------- Domino’s marketing strategy for Portugal. ------------------------------------------------- SIMON MATHEWS FLORIDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Author Note This paper was prepared for EMK3601 Principles of Marketing taught by Dr. Catherine Cook Table of Contents Abstract.......................................................................................................................................2 Corporate Overview….………………………...………………………........................................3 Target Market ……….………………………………....................................................................7 Marketing Strategies…………..……………….…..…………………………...............................10 Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................12 References.......................................................................................................................................12 Abstract Back in August 14, 2012 Domino’s Pizza officially changed their name to Domino’s (PR Newswire, n.d.). It has come a long way from its humble roots in 1960 in Ypsilanti, Michigan. According to the Domino’s webpage, brothers Tom and James Monaghan borrowed $900 and purchased a pizza store in Ypsilanti, Michigan named "DomiNick's...
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...TAP Portugal Luis Costa MBAA 518 Financial Management Embry Riddle Aeronautical University Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 Firm Information 4 Leadership 6 Human Resource Management 7 Organizational Structure 9 E-Commerce 11 Culture & Ethics 12 Global Strategies 13 Politics 16 Conclusion 16 References 18 Abstract TAP Portugal, the Portuguese main airline carrier, first took to the skies in 1945 and changed management in 2000 with the current CEO, Fernando Pinto. It has since become an icon for the Portuguese people as a modern and quality carrier. Operating regular flights to 35 countries, TAP expands its network system through Star Alliance by means of a growing number of code-shared operations. It meets today’s challenges and competition by continuously investing in innovation and modernization effective through its human element and technical resources. Ethically conscience, the organization moves forward providing a variety of product and equipment improvements and embraces the environment with its green initiative program. It offers a collection of features suited for any customer need, driven by its customer driven policy, providing an experience one is sure to remember. Despite an impending privatization sale, TAP strives to move forward and continues to rise as a strong international competitor within the fierce aviation industry. TAP Portugal...
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...Christopher James Heart of Darkness Quote Reflection Since I was not here on the day we wrote quotes in class I have chosen a quote to reflect on it. “The word ‘ivory’ rang in the air, was whispered, was sighed. You would think they were praying to it. A taint of imbecile rapacity blew through it all, like a whiff from some corpse. By Jove! I’ve never seen anything so unreal in my life. And outside, the silent wilderness surrounding this cleared speck on the earth struck me as something great and invincible, like evil or truth, waiting patiently for the passing away of this fantastic invasion.”(page72) This quote offers Marlow’s first impression of the Central Station. The word “ivory” seems to be something he hears all too often now that he works for this company. To them, it is far more than just the tusk of an elephant or rhinoceros; it represents an economic freedom that companies have never seen or experienced. These companies are running amuck doing as they please with no thought of how their actions affect the people or animals of Africa they simply only care about “Ivory” and its economic value. Marlow’s reference to a decaying corpse is both literal and figurative: elephants and the African people both die as a result of the European’s pursuit for ivory and the entire enterprise of the ivory trade is just rotten at the core. This is true in the cruelties and the greed that are both part of a greater evil of how money corrupts the soul of every human, instead...
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...division’s sales subsidiary – Norge electronics Portugal. Silva had been asked by the vice president of human resources to present to the personel directors what have been achieved in portugal. The evening before his presentation, Silva recieved a fax from a consultant he hired in Portugal with the preliminary results of climate study. The consultant’s report is not what Silva expected and, in fact, raises questions about the effectiveness of a series of change actions implemented over the past two years. The case describes in detail actions taken by Silva to ‘profesionalize’ HR management in the Portuguese sibsidiary. The annual meeting of personel directors In his hotel room in the city of Oslo, Joao Silva reviewed the presentation he would make the following day. Altough he felt prepared, he was somewhat apprehensive. He had just recieved by fax from a consultant in Lisbon the preliminary results of a climate study of Norge Portugal. He had commisioned the consultant’s study on the advice of Norge’s vice president of human resources, with the understanding that the results would be included in his presentation, as initial evidence of the progress made in HR management in his country. The next day, the annual meeting of Norge’s personel directors would take place. Silva would meet the personel directors of the other Norge subsidiaries for the first time. He hadn’t participated in the meeting before, mainly because Norge Portugal was a small subsidiary and Silva was not technically...
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...Cowley Paper #1 During the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth century the primary driving force for all cultures can be summed up by one simple word, and that word is greed. Many of the countries that had power at the time were greedy savages and all they wanted was more land and power. Countries that were powerful at the time were Spain, Portugal, Japan, and others. Also in the countries the governing body of them had their way or the highway they did not care what had to be done or who had to be killed. If the ruler of a certain country did not like something they did not care what had to be done to stop it. Powerful countries at the time such as Spain and Portugal only cared about power and one word that sums them up is greed. During the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth century Spain was one of the most powerful countries. When Columbus set sail in 1492, he founded the Americas and all that came with the, such as gold spices, and other expenses, this is how Spain became extremely rich and powerful. This land that Columbus founded was known as the New World. It is described by Michel de Montaigne in Of Cannibals " New World so lately discovered: for that almost touched upon Spain, and it were an incredible effect of an inundation, to have tumbled back so prodigious a mass, above twelve hundred leagues." Columbus was known for founding the Americas, the truth was he set sail for the Indies. When he landed in the America's he thought it was the Indies. As...
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...Could legalization of marijuana pave the way to a modern and less violent society ? Plan : 1) Proposition California ( modern or chaotic state ? 2) The debate : fear or hope. 3) The arguments in favour : Financial, Mexicant cartels (tempered by BRAND study) ( it’s a good start. 4) The argument oppos : the raising of consumers and the consequence on heath. 5) The portuguese exemple tempered by the differences between the countries. 6) The conservative views : an break to mernisation, the exemple of prohibtion in the thirties al Capone. 7) Let’s be modern ! 1) Next month, a proposition which legalises marijuana will be voted in the state of california. According to the polls proposition 19 has a big shot of becoming a state law, making California the first amercian state to legalize marijuana. The proposition stipulates that adults could grow own and consume a little bit of marijuana for personal pleasure. If adopted, will this law make California a modern state or a chaotic one ? Those two perspectives are on one hand a hope for the majority and a fear for the others. The debate opposing those in favour of leagalising marijuana and those against is old. In 1972 more than 30 years ago, the opponents would have won at a rate of 2 against one, now we’re facing the oposite. But this fact isn’t a revolution. It’s more likely to be the result of an evolution of minds : Indeed in 1997 a big step was made towards legalization :...
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...EUROZONE CRISIS The Eurozone in 2012 EUROZONE CRISIS: Eurozone fracture in 2012 This paper outlines a plausible scenario in which the Eurozone fractures in 2012. Events are unlikely to follow the path precisely as described, given the complexity of the problem and the number of variables which are continually changing. That said, we feel 2012 is unlikely to end with all the current members still being part of the Eurozone. Mapping a ‘break-up’ scenario should help readers understand how fragmentation could occur and therefore assist businesses’ contingency planning. To this end the paper highlights some key events and when they are due to take place. It also identifies some key indicators to monitor which are likely to dictate how the crisis will unfold. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A plausible scenario for Eurozone fragmentation in 2012 would see elections in Greece, France, Finland and probably Italy changing the terms of the debate to reflect frustration with economies in recession, rising unemployment and hostility to proposed or actual austerity measures. In this scenario, Greece receives an irregular rescue from the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) and negotiates a rescheduling of its debt in March. But once its April elections are over, the new Greek government is unable to secure bailout funds having missed austerity and reform targets, prompting a formal sovereign default. Greece announces its withdrawal from the Eurozone, closing its banking...
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...independence. With the arrival of the Portuguese monarchy in Brazil, came these new ideas and more foreign influences. The fascination of the Brazilian elite with the French independence also incited ideas of autonomy in Brazil. After the Portuguese monarchy departed, As one of these countries, Brazil managed to gain independence from its mother country , Portugal, in 1822 with the help of its new emperor Dom Pedro I. With Napoleonic wars raging throughout Europe the emperor of Portugal, Dom Joao, attempted to stay neutral. However, the neutrality of Portugal proved hard to maintain when Napoleon established the "continental blockade" in 1806 (Martin 183). In 1807, Napoleon declared the Braganza dynasty's surrender of the throne and the division of Portugal between France and Spain (183). The news forced Dom Joao to make a decision, he and his entire court fled to Brazil with the help of British fleets in order to escape Napoleon's army. The royal family arrived in 1808 and established their rule in Rio de Janeiro at the heart of Brazil. Upon arrival, Dom Joao found a colony that was commercially and economically backwards compared to Portugal. One of the only manufacturing opportunities encouraged by the Portuguese monarch prior to arrival was ship building as well as the processing of sugar (Macaulay 87). The Portuguese had not even allowed them to partake in metallurgy and the use of textiles (Macaulay 87). Dom Joao immediately abolished Portugal's...
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