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Pre Gestational Conditions

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Submitted By solandra101
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PREGESTATIONAL CONDITIONS

CARDIAC CONDITIONS

INCIDENCE: 1% or 1 in every 100 pregnancies. Over 75% of heart disease in pregnancy is valvular, often Rheumatic Fever or RHD.

Effects of pregnancy on heart disease:

Increased blood volume and cardiac output

Cardiac output and blood volume increase about 50% more during pregnancy (increase workload to the heart)

During labor and delivery, cardiac workload increases even more (every time the uterus contracts about 1 or 2 units of blood are autotransfused from utero-placental to maternal circulation. When contraction stops, this volume returns to uteroplacental and the heart may not be able to compensate with such rapid shifting.

After delivery, the uteroplacental blood returns to maternal circulation increasing once again blood volume.

A woman who receives epidural or spinal anesthesia, her blood vessels dilate and blood pressure decreases that results to decreased venous return which prompts the heart to compensate to meet body’s needs by pumping harder

Excessive blood loss during second stage of labor.

Systemic vascular resistance drops by 25% during pregnancy lowering blood pressure.

Gravid uterus can dramatically affect venous return in some positions compressing IVC and can lead to hypotension.

FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEART DISEASE:

CLASS I/ uncompromised– Patient is asymptomatic with no limitation of physical activity, no angina pain or discomfort with ordinary activity. Perinatal mortality is 5%

CLASS II/ slightly compromised – patient with slight limitation of physical activity, ordinary activities cause dyspnea, fatigue, chest pain and palpitations. Perinatal mortality is 10-15%

CLASS III/markedly compromised – with marked limitation because ordinary activities cause excessive fatigue, palpitations, chest pain, and dyspnea, only comfortable at rest. Perinatal

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