...Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is described by elevated blood pressure and proteinuria that happen after twenty weeks of gestation and can last up to twelve weeks after delivery before blood pressure return to normal. Although hypertension and proteinuria are the diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia, PIH can cause decreased perfusion in almost all the organs of the mother’s body, as well as many other complications to mother and fetus. In addition, PIH is the most common cause for a premature birth and underdeveloped fetus (Grossman & Porth, 2013). Signs and Symptoms PIH is characterized by classic sign of proteinuria and hypertension. If proteinuria is already present, then a sudden increase in the level is also indicative of PIH....
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... A.1 Statistics Accurate pre-eclampsia statistics are difficult to obtain because the condition ranges from extremely mild to severe. Mild cases are sometimes not included in official figures. Furthermore, mild cases may have no effect on pregnancy, which is why the figures for pre-eclampsia as a whole are higher than for those that actually complicate pregnancies. Around 10% of pregnant women develop pregnancy-induced hypertension (high blood pressure) or pre-eclampsia (high blood pressure with protein in the urine).Worldwide more than four million women per year will develop pre-eclampsia, and over 63,000 maternal deaths are due to pre-eclampsia. Action on Pre-Eclampsia estimates that every year in the UK pre-eclampsia is responsible for the deaths of six mothers and 500 to 600 babies. A 2005 to 2006 study showed a promising fall in the numbers of women developing eclampsia since 1992, from 4.9/10,000 to 2.7/10,000. This has arisen as a result of the introduction of management guidelines for eclampsia and pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is much more common in first pregnancies, and there is a reduced incidence of pre-eclampsia in the second pregnancy. The risk of women who have had pre-eclampsia developing it again in future pregnancies is 16 percent, and 25 percent if they suffered from severe pre-eclampsia, eclampsia or they delivered pre-term. This rises to 55 percent if their baby was delivered before 28 weeks. Half of women with severe pre-eclampsia give birth pre-term...
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...JOURNAL OF WOMEN’S HEALTH Volume 14, Number 8, 2005 © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Changes in Health Status Experienced by Women with Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertensive Disorders CATHERINE KIM, M.D., M.P.H..1 PHYLLIS BRAWARSKY, M.P.H.,2 REBECCA A. JACKSON, M.D.,3 ELENA FUENTES-AFFLICK, M.D., M.P.H.,4 and JENNIFER S. HAAS, M.D., M.S.P.H.2 ABSTRACT Objective: To examine changes in health status among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Methods: We examined perceived health status changes from the prepregnancy, as recalled at 12–20 weeks gestation, to the postpartum period in women with GDM (n 64) vs. unaffected gravidas (n 1233) and women diagnosed with PIH (n 148) vs. unaffected gravidas. We used patient survey and medical record data from a prospective cohort study. Health status measures included the Short Form-36 scales for physical function, vitality, and self-rated health and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Multivariate logistic regression models controlled for age, parity, race, education, prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and exercise levels, food insufficiency, and GDM or PIH during a prior pregnancy. Results: Women with PIH more often reported a significant decline in vitality (odds ratio [OR] 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-2.23) and self-rated health (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.193.77) and an increase in depressive symptoms from prepregnancy to postpartum compared...
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...Makati Medical Center - College of Nursing SY 2011 – 2012 A Case Study Presentation on the Care of a Mother with Preeclampsia Superimposed on Chronic Hypertension In Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirement of NCM102 – Related Learning Experience Submitted To: Submitted By: Leader: Knight, Catherine P. Members: Iglesias, Pauleen Itliong, Juliane B. Javier, Reniccia Janel Joaquin, Gian Denise M. Kwek, Michael Angelo L. La Sangre, Anne Gabrielle B. Lacerna, Iruel Victor III Leynes, Sofia Antonniette M. Lindawan, Ma. Kristine S. BSN II – B Group 2 December 17, 2011 Table of Contents Chapter I - Introduction A. Description of the Case………................................................................. 4 B. Purpose and Objectives........................................................................... 5 C. Significance and Justification....................
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...Care Plan : Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) Patient Conference Report History of events leading to admission: This is a 46 y/o female that was admitted to Brandon Hospital. She is 28 weeks gestation with twins. Medical diagnosis: Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Past Medical History: Seizure disorder for which she takes Lamictal, infertility, 2nd. Invitro with twins, she has a sinus infection. Past Surgical History: Laparoscopy for endometriosis X3, surgery for broken jaw, tonsillectomy, Pertinent Lab Results: Most recent labs done 2/22/15, (CBC) NA+ 156, BUN- 28, Albumin- 8.0, Protein- 10.0, Creatinine- 1.3, Pertinent diagnostic results: Chest X-ray: pulmonary edema and cardiomegaly, cardiac catheterization, EKG: atrial fibrillation. Lists of Medications: Amoxicillin, Docosate sodium, Labetalol HCL, Lamotrigine (lamictal). Allergies: Macrobid Code status: Full code Vital Signs: T 99.2F, oral P 80, regular B/P 186/100 SaO2 100% Weight- 160lbs. Ht. 5’5 List 3 pertinent medications given by you on your shift. List actions and indications, side effects, and nursing considerations: |Name: |Amoxicillin | |Action and indications. |Binds to bacterial cell wall, causing cell death, spectrum of amoxicillin is broader than penicillin. Treatment...
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...serious and advanced the treatments are, the cost goes up. Each visit it falls into a level, and the cost of that level is added to the bill. Level two visit is 50$, and level five $155, and the other levels fall in between those two prices. Before they can give you the right treatment, they have to find out the cause of infertility. They do some test that involve drawing blood, they do a semen analysis and ultrasounds. The total cost of those tests are roughly $1,000. The next step, before the full blown treatment occurs is to try out fertility drugs. There is a combination of the three different drugs, add all together to $750. If those drugs do not work, then they go to basic treatments. The treatments are through the whole pregnancy, from insemination to birth. The treatments cost a total of $23,000, which is not covered by insurance, and is still not 100% effective. Since that is the case, there are more advanced fertility treatments, such as egg or sperm donations, which cost roughly $25,00-30,000. Another common option, is surrogate mothers, the cost depends on who the mother is, the average cost is $20,00-50,00 (“PCOS Journal”). Although none of those options, are 100% effective, they increase the risk of getting pregnant or having a child. There are more health risks for women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. They are at a higher risk of developing endometrial cancer. This risk is because of how the menstrual cycle occurs. Each month a woman has a build...
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...unlimited means to ensure its survival. An abortion is still permissible if the mother does not grant fetus the right to use her body. Thompson gives several analogies of scenarios in which abortions are morally permissible, in which the right for mother to have an abortion outweighs the fetus’ right to use the mother’s body. In the Jane scenario she would argue that it is ultimately morally impermissible for her to obtain an abortion because the fetus is given the right to use the mother’s body. Jane’s pregnancy can be thought of as an accident, because she and her husband almost always faithfully use condoms to prevent accidental conception. Therefore she did not intend to carry the fetus. Thompson states that if the mother did not intend to conceive, and attempted to follow the proper safeguards, then she does not grant the fetus the use of her body. Some may view Jane’s one instance of not using a condom as culpable because she should understand the risk of pregnancy during unprotected sex, and therefore, she is responsible for the fetus’ existence. Thompson states that it is preposterous to argue that the conception of a fetus due to a misjudgment such as forgetting a condom should be seen as an invitation for the fetus to use the mother’s body to live. She illustrates this through an analogy of a house set up with mesh screens to prevent “people seeds” from sprouting inside. Even if one tries to completely seal the house with seed proof screens, there might be slight...
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...Question 1 .1 out of 1 points Which of the following U.S. government agencies regulates all domestic and imported food sold in interstate commerce? Selected Answer: Food and Drug Administration . Question 2 .1 out of 1 points Before you prepare food or after you use the bathroom, wash your hands with hot soapy water for at least ____ seconds to cleanse them thoroughly. Selected Answer: 20 . Question 3 .0 out of 1 points Which of the following food preservation methods is the most effective for destroying pathogens, including viruses? Selected Answer: [None Given] . Question 4 .0 out of 1 points Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens? Selected Answer: [None Given] . Question 5 .0 out of 1 points On her last camping trip, Jenny swallowed some water when she swam in a lake. Two days later, she suddenly experienced severe abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. Based on this information, Jenny probably is infected with Selected Answer: Bacillus cereus. . Question 6 .0 out of 1 points Kevin is an American who is staying in a hotel in Paris, France. To avoid traveler's diarrhea, Kevin should Selected Answer: drink only water that has been boiled. . Question 7 .0 out of 1 points During a disaster, it is safe to drink the water from Selected Answer: toilet bowls. . Question 8 .1 out of 1 points Functions of intentional food additives include Selected...
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...Nursing 202: Scheduled Induction Mindy C. Grenade Bucks County Community College Spring, 2014 Ms. Bobbie Table of Contents Abstract 3 Body of paper Introduction 4 History 4 Techniques 6 The Bishop Scoring System 7 Indications 8 Contraindications 10 Risks 12 Nursing 12 Conclusion 15 References Abstract Inducing labor has been occurring since before our time. There are two types of labor inductions, scheduled and elective. For purposes of this paper scheduled inductions will be focused on. A scheduled induction is defined as using artificial methods to start the labor process at a specific time. Inductions are performed for many reasons. In most cases scheduled induction are performed because of medical complications to the baby and/or mother. In healthcare, there has been an increase in incidence regarding scheduled inductions related to convenience for the mother as well as for the doctors. To better understand the complexity of scheduled induction the history has to be addressed. What is the reasoning behind changing the natural birthing process? This paper will explain the methods of induction: pharmacological vs. mechanical, and the indications thereof. Nurse’s play a key role in labor and delivery. They have to be prepared to address and treat their patients’ condition, as well as be knowledgeable on the contraindications of this delicate...
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...VE: / / | HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:(significant events/complications in labor/hospital stay):Client’s blood pressure was 140/90 upon admission. | PRENATAL CARE: * Maternal and fetal vitals (includes FHR). * Fetal baseline: 130s * Variability (marked) * Fetal movement * BPP score of 8 * Prenatal labs * DTR’s ( 2+) | YEAR | TYPE of DEL | GEST AGE | F/M | BIRTH COMPLICATIONS | NB STATUS | 1.2004 | NSVD | 40 w | F | None | Living | 2.2008 | NSVD | 38 w | M | None | Living | 3.2013 | NSVD | 39 w | F | None | Living | 4. | | | | | | 5. | | | | | | OB/GYN/MEDICAL/SURGICAL/SOCIAL HISTORY: * Former smoker (Cigarettes) * Gravida 3 Para 3 * Post-partum depression (No meds during pregnancy) * Fibroid x 2 * PIH | MATERNAL LABS | Blood Type/Rh: O - | HgB/HCT:10.0 / 31.6 | WBC/Platelets:8.4 / 286 | GCT: 100 | GBS: Neg | HIV: Neg | Hep B: Neg | Rubella: Need vaccine | RPR/STS: Neg | Gonorrhea: Neg | Chlamydia: Neg | Other: | SUMMARY OF LABOR AND BIRTH | Labor OnsetDate: 3/25/13Time: 5: 30 amFull DilationDate: 3/25/13Time: 9:50 | Spontaneous Labor Labor InductionStim/AugmentationIndication: Cervidil PitocinCytotec | MembranesSROM AROMPROM PPROMDate: 3/25/13Time: 4:15 amAmount: ModerateColor: ClearOdor: odorless | MonitoringExternal TocoExt. Fetal USFSEIUPC | BirthDate:...
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...* * Do you have the facts about teen pregnancy, the statistics, and the way teen pregnancy affects health? Well, Tonight I will talk about the risks of teenage pregnancy. Teen pregnancy is one of the most difficult experiences a young person might ever have to face. Most teenagers don't plan to get pregnant, but many do. Teen pregnancies carry extra health risks to the mother and to the baby. TS: I will begin with information on the teen mothers. I. Teenage Mothers a. Lack of prenatal care i. Critical a. Screens for medical problems b. Monitors the growth of the baby c. Deals quickly with any complications that arise. b. High Blood Pressure i. Pregnancy-induced hypertension ii. Preeclampsia 1. Combines high blood pressure with excess protein in the urine 2. Swells the mothers hands and face 3. Organ damage c. Postpartum depression i. Interfere with taking good care of a newborn ii. Interfere with healthy teenage development iii. Can be treated. d. Statistics i. Teen Help.com 1. About 750,000 U.S. teens become pregnant each year 2. 79 percent of teenagers who become pregnant are unmarried 3. 80 percent of unmarried teen mothers end up on welfare TS: Now I will provide information on the babies born to teen moms. II. Babies born to teen mothers a. Premature Birth i. Respiratory ii. Digestive iii. Vision iv. Cognitive v. Other problems b. Low Birth Weight i. Usually 3.3-5.5 pounds 1....
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...the topic of abortion from the problems of having an abortion to the likely benefits of abortion. Legal induced abortion was defined as a procedure, performed by a licensed physician or someone acting under the supervision of a licensed physician, which was intended to terminate a suspected or known intrauterine pregnancy and to produce a nonviable fetus at any gestational age. Over the past years there seems to have been substantial changes in the demographic composition of women who have abortions. Theorists have often tried to determine the number of factors that may have influenced the change demographics, including shifting perspectives on teen pregnancy, religious shifts and changes in the community views regarding abortions. This paper will outline the reasons why abortion should remain legal. (Dr.Howard, 207) . Laws against abortion kill women, to prohibit abortions does not stop them. When women feel it is absolutely necessary, they will choose to have abortions, even in secret, without medical care, in dangerous circumstances. In the two decades before abortion was legal in the U.S., it's been estimated that nearly a million women per year sought out illegal abortions. Thousands died. Tens of thousands were mutilated. All were forced to behave as if they were criminals. Anti-abortion laws discriminate against low-income women, who are driven to dangerous self-induced or back-alley abortions. That is all they can afford. But the rich can travel wherever necessary to obtain...
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...Deakin University, Faculty of Health HNM704 Clinical Challenges in Maternity Care. Due Date: 4 October 2013 Assignment 1 Wendy Taylor 212242143 1 Wendy Taylor 212242143 Pre-eclampsia is a condition in pregnancy that causes placental dysfunction and can effect multiple maternal organs, it is characterized by new onset hypertension (systolic blood pressure >140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg) and proteinuria (excretion of >300 mg daily) usually after 20 weeks of gestation with no history of hypertension (Wagner 2004, 3 Centre collaboration, & Stevenson & Billington 2007). Symptoms can include hypertension, proteinuria, headache, visual disturbance, epigastric pain, hyperemesis, oedema of hands and feet (Briley 2003, NICE 2008). Pre-eclampsia can affect the pregnant woman through pregnancy birth and postpartum. However the focus of this essay will discuss the possible impact on maternal and fetal health and wellbeing as well as the management of the woman and her condition during the intrapartum phase. The role of the midwife in provision of care in this case will also be explored. The woman in this case was a primigravida at 37+6 weeks gestation. On assessment at antenatal clinic it was found that her blood pressure [BP] had acutely risen to 190/110 and she had significant proteinuria, she was admitted to the labour ward for management. During labour her blood pressure fluctuated from 145/90 to 190/110, she had a severe headache, visual disturbance and was very...
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...pressure, epilepsy and headache. CNS- Dizziness, hallucinations and ringing in the ear. G.Il- Nausea, vomiting, foul taste and diarrhea. Heart- Chest pain, palpitations and slow heart rate. Respiratory- Nasal congestion and difficulty in breathing. Potentially Fatal- Shock. | | Contraindicated in patients with high blood pressure due to pregnancy and hypersensitivity. | Check vitals every 15minutes and contractions carefully. Check the protocol /policy of the health care agency and follow then. | Drug Order | Mechanism of action | Indication | Adverse Reaction | Contraindication | Nursing Consideration | Generic Name: Oxytoxin Brand Name: Fetusin Classification: Oxytoxic | Oxytocin stimulates the contraction of smooth muscle in the uterus and alveoli of the lactating brest. At coitus, uterine stimulation by oxytocin causes peristaltic activity that assists the migration of spermatozoa. During parturition, the hormone enhances the uterine contractions. | Oxytocin is used antepartum when an early vaginal delivery is desired. It is the drug of choice for the maintenance of labor once the pregnancy is at term and used frequently when there is prolonged uterine inertia than when...
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...Every hour 85 teens become pregnant, but why? Girls are told that the more sexual they are the more men value them, which unfortunately leads to high rates of teen pregnancy. Teens in this decade are so worried about what society thinks about them. Peer pressure is one of the biggest effects on teens having sex. Girls buy and dress in the most expensive brands to fit in. Some of them will do anything to me accepted in the “cool” crowd including; having sex at a young age. With teens lack of eduction, some teens use no protection which leads to them becoming pregnant. Also with the popularity of partying and drinking, some girls do not even realize what is happening before it is to late. Younger teens just do not understand the significance in having sex. Why is everyone so concerned with teens becoming pregnant though? The psychological affects on teens when they become pregnant has such a negative impact on their lives. They start feeling so many different types of emotions such as; fear, frustration, confusion, resentment, and most of all depression. Their depression levels shoot up. Not only are the mental effects strong, but so are the physical effects. Becoming pregnant as a teen increases the chance of Anemia, Cervical Cancer, Miscarriage, and pregnancy induced hypertension. Often being a teen mom, you receive a lower level of eduction, earn less money, social isolation, and limited job opportunities. But not only does becoming pregnant effect the teen mom, it effects...
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