...Prevalence of Depression in Cancer Patients My topic of interest is the prevalence of depression in cancer patients. Prior to analyzing any literature my understanding was that cancer patients have a higher incidence of depression compared to the general population due to the decline in their health. My belief is shaped by a personal experience with a family member who had cancer and suffered from depression. This is significant to nursing because approximately 10-25 percent of cancer patients develop depression (Traeger, 2010). As depression develops within a cancer patient it can cause poorer treatment tolerance, decreased quality of life and an increased desire for death for patients with cancer (Traeger, 2010). These factors can result in reduced treatment effectiveness, treatment refusal, and disease management costs (Traeger, 2010). Furthermore, patients may have difficulty accepting their prognosis which can cause conflict between appropriate and compassionate end of life care causing distress in decision making (Traeger, 2010). Therefore, as health care professionals it is important that we are aware of this and offer the appropriate management and treatment options or interventions to increase the quality of life as well as help prevent the development of depression (Yang et al., 2013) (Neilson et al., 2012). During my preliminary search two articles were found; “The Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety among...
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...Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression among Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes in the Mexican Population ´ ´ ´ ´ Carlos Tovilla-Zarate1,5*, Isela Juarez-Rojop2, Yesenia Peralta Jimenez1, Marıa Antonia Jimenez1, 1 1 1 3 ´ ´ ´ ˜ ´ Silvia Vazquez , Deysi Bermudez-Ocana , Teresa Ramon-Frıas , Alma D. Genis Mendoza , Sherezada ´ ´ ´ Pool Garcıa4, Lilia Lopez Narvaez5 ´ ´ ´ ´mica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Me ´xico, 2 Universidad Juarez Autonoma de ´ ´ 1 Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Division Acade ´ ´ ´xico, 3 Servicios de Atencion Psiquia ´ ´trica, Secretarıa de Salud. Me ´xico D. F., Me ´xico, ´ Tabasco, Division Academica de Ciencias de la Salud, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Me ´xico, 5 Centro de Investigacion Genomica, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico ´ ´ ´ ´ 4 Hospital General de Comalcalco, Tabasco. Secretarıa de Salud, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Me Abstract Background: Depression and anxiety are common in diabetic patients; however, in recent years the frequency of these symptoms has markedly increased worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the frequency and factors associated with depression and anxiety, since they can be responsible for premature morbidity, mortality, risk of developing comorbidities, complications, suffering of patients, as well as escalation of costs. We studied the frequency of depression and anxiety in Mexican outpatients with type 2 diabetes and identified the risk factors for depression and anxiety. Methods and Findings:...
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...Introduction Depression and anxiety on college campuses have risen to epidemic proportions. There are a variety of suspected causes for the alarming trend, which is supported by numerous studies, College years have long been a time of psychological stresses. As academic pressures rise and fall, so do anxiety levels. Roommate and relationship problems, homesickness, and adjustment to college life create a lot of stress among adolescents. Adolescents face significant stress when they enter colleges because of developmental issues, societal pressures on them to perform well and hosts of psychological issues like identity formation and confusion, career and relationship issues, being on your own in a new environment, changes in family relations,...
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...“Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by insufficient production of insulin or inability to use the insulin that the body produces, resulting in problems regulating blood sugar (Danna, 2016).” Depression is a feeling of consistent of sadness and an individual loses interest in everyday life activities. “Depression and diabetes are independent risk factors for one another, and both are associated with increased risk of cognitive decline (Danna, 2016).” Still the connection between diabetes and depression is not completely understood. It is known that lower cognitive abilities usually lead to poor health outcomes. Depression has been shown to increase the risk of diabetes, this may be because self-care decreases when...
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...Bradford Community Health NHS Trust, UK 2 Senior Experimental Ocer, University of Bradford and Bradford Community Health NHS Trust, UK SUMMARY In our community study of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among elderly South Asian immigrants from the Indian sub-continent (India, Pakistan and Bangladesh) living in Bradford (UK), we found depression in 20%, dementia in 4% and anxiety neurosis in 4%. Subjects were interviewed at their place of residence by a consultant psychiatrist familiar with their culture and language. The Hindi translation of the community version of the Geriatric Mental State schedule (GMS-A) was also administered. Psychiatrist's ICD-9 diagnosis was compared with GMS±AGECAT computerized diagnosis. We found low-level agreement in dementia cases (kappa 0.33) whereas the agreement in subjects with depression was high (kappa 0.81). In many subjects GMS-A made a diagnosis of dementia not diagnosed as cases by the psychiatrist, who had the bene®t of additional history information from carers in this population from a dierent culture and educational background. These ®ndings are discussed along with suggestions and present limitations of GMS-A in the diagnosis of dementia in cross-cultural research. Larger studies are needed in this population (a) to ®nd out prevalence rates in countries of origin and (b) to investigate the author's (KB) observation of low rates of Alzheimer's type dementia in this population, which may have aetiological signi®cance...
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...Major Depression and Suicide Kathy Lightsey AB200 Introduction to Applied Behavioral Science Carol Abraham Nov. 03, 2014 Major Depression and Suicide The word depression is used for a wide range of mental states. On one side are passing moods of disappointments, regrets, or anxiety that almost everyone experience one time or another. On the other side there are symptoms which are described by many psychiatrists as clinical depression. This is a lingering feeling of despair that last for weeks at a time. Normally when a doctor or psychiatrists make a diagnosis of clinical depression is when a person suffers from most or all of a group of symptoms for longer than two weeks. Depression is the common cold of psychological problems. People with the run-of-the-mill depression may feel sad, blue, or “down in the dumps.” They may complain of lack of energy, loss of self-esteem, difficulty concentrating, loss of interest in activities, and other people ( Nezlek et al., 2000), uncontrollable crying, and thoughts of suicide. These feelings are more intense in people such as Joe in our course case study with major depressive disorder (MDD). According to the nationally representative sample of more than 9,000 adults in the United States, MDD affected 6% to 7% of the people within any given year, and one person in six over the course of their lives (Kessler, 2003). About half of those with MDD experience sever symptoms such poor appetite, serious weight loss, and agitation or psychomotor...
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...1. General description of depression * Describe depression Add the exact definition of depression. Depression is a prevalent problem among adolescents, which may cause further mental or physical issues. Serious depression is regarded as diseases and is one of the oldest recorded diseases in medicine history. * Why is it important * How does it impact the biological, psychological, social development? Except the weight loss, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance and some other common symptoms, the impact of depression in biological development has always been underestimated, depression will comorbid with other chronic diseases such as angina, arthritis, asthma, and diabetes which will leads to worse health situation. (Moussavi, S., Chatterji, S., Verdes, E., Tandon, A., Patel, V., & Ustun, B. (2007). Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: results from the World Health Surveys. Lancet, 370(9590), 851–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61415-9) In term of psychology, depression is not a fleeting sadness but a pervasive and relentless sense of despair. A lack of interest in life accompanied by feelings of uselessness (needs to be improved) In terms of social development, depression will also cause plenty of problems. Adolescents with depression will be easier to go to extreme which will lead to the unstableness of the society. * Why is it important to adolescent development? Adolescents with depression are more likely to have harmful behaviors...
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...DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY 28 : 447–455 (2011) Research Article FEELING BAD ON FACEBOOK: DEPRESSION DISCLOSURES BY COLLEGE STUDENTS ON A SOCIAL NETWORKING SITE Megan A. Moreno, M.D. M.S.Ed. M.P.H.,1Ã Lauren A. Jelenchick, B.S.,1 Katie G. Egan,1 Elizabeth Cox, M.D. Ph.D.,1 Henry Young, Ph.D.,2 Kerry E. Gannon, B.S.,1 and Tara Becker, Ph.D.1 Background: Depression is common and frequently undiagnosed among college students. Social networking sites are popular among college students and can include displayed depression references. The purpose of this study was to evaluate college students’ Facebook disclosures that met DSM criteria for a depression symptom or a major depressive episode (MDE). Methods: We selected public Facebook profiles from sophomore and junior undergraduates and evaluated personally written text: ‘‘status updates.’’ We applied DSM criteria to 1-year status updates from each profile to determine prevalence of displayed depression symptoms and MDE criteria. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to model the association between depression disclosures and demographics or Facebook use characteristics. Results: Two hundred profiles were evaluated, and profile owners were 43.5% female with a mean age of 20 years. Overall, 25% of profiles displayed depressive symptoms and 2.5% met criteria for MDE. Profile owners were more likely to reference depression, if they averaged at least one online response from their friends to a status update disclosing depressive...
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...(MDD) Key Features. MDD is an extremely common mood disorder which can affect anyone at any time. To the lay person ‘depression’ is a vague term covering negative affect and mental states such as “feeling down in the dumps.” The DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2010) has a formal definition: A person who suffers from this disorder must have a depressed mood, or have lost interest in things that would have normally brought them pleasure; for a minimum of two weeks. This must be different then the person's normal behaviors and it may not be caused by a general medical condition. A major depressive episode is characterized by a minimum of five of these symptoms for two weeks or more: depressed mood; reduced interest or pleasure in activities; significant weight loss or weight gain; insomnia or hypersomnia; psychomotor agitation or retardation; fatigue or loss of energy; feelings of worthlessness or guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate; and recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, or a suicide attempt. (American Psychiatric Association, 2010). Recurrent major depressive episodes can indicate MDD. Although it can present co-morbidly with any medical condition, depression is an illness in itself. It is not a sign of personal weakness, nor a condition that can be wished or willed away. The causes of major depression are not completely known, but current theories include genetic and environmental factors as well as abnormalities in neurotransmitters...
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...health as well, including physical health and social health.1 One type of mental illness is peripartum depression, depression that occurs during pregnancy or after childbirth.2 This debilitating form of depression is different from the term “baby blues.” The baby blues refer to short-term depressive symptoms that are not debilitating and, thus, do not interfere significantly with a woman’s quality of life.2 Although the exact prevalence of peripartum depression per state is uncertain (due to a lack of a standardized assessment scale), it is still on the rise—anywhere from 5% to 25%.3 The baby blues typically do not need immediate attention by healthcare providers nor do they need immediate treatment with medication, as they resolve within a couple days following childbirth. The symptoms include:...
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...Postpartum depression is a severe form of depression disorder that is related to childbirth and pregnancy. It is also one of the common mental health concern among women and very different from the usual postpartum “blues”. Typically, the depression often starts during the first three weeks after birth and last up to a year. It could cause some severe mood swings and exhaustion for the mothers. The symptoms for PPD is similarly the same as clinical depression and may include specific fear and thoughts about harming the baby. Some of the emotional symptoms that mothers usually experience are unstable emotions, which includes unpredictable crying and sadness, loss of pleasure and excitement, sudden mood swings, feeling guilty and worthlessness,...
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...rates of teenage pregnancy with its prevalence in the country rating higher than any of the Western industrialized nations. For instance, A National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy conducted in 2006 revealed that in the United States of America, 4 out of every pregnancy occur in women of younger age. They go ahead to explain that annually, the United States among other countries with high rates of teen pregnancy record approximately one million teenage pregnancy. The purpose of this essay is to provide a claim of evaluation that critically examines the statistics of teenage pregnancy and the relationship between depression and poverty on teenage pregnancy. Given the establishment of how bad the prognosis for teenage pregnancy is, this claim of policy intends to establish the link between this public health issue and depression and poverty. Relationship between Teenage Pregnancy and Poverty One of the steps towards with any issue that appears to be a predicament is to establish the root cause of that particular problem. In this case, therefore, the main purpose of this claim of evaluation is to find out the relationship or link between teenage pregnancy and the victim’s socio-economic status. In as much as it has been named among the consequences of teenage pregnancy, Tripp and Viner (2006) observe that there is a correlation between the teenage pregnancy and high rates of poverty. In as much as teenage pregnancy is said to be prevalence in some countries than others, it is...
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...Diabetes with Co-Morbid Depression Research and reviews from the CDC and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, among others, recognize that health disparities in diabetes result from complex interactions of individuals with social, political, and environmental factors (1). Therefore, interventions designed to reduce these disparities and improve health care for African-Americans and Latinos with diabetes must also intervene at multiple levels. That same research also indicates that optimal disease management for patients with diabetes should include mechanisms for screening and managing depression. An article in the International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine reports that in a group of diabetes patients who were screened for depression, the majority (56%) of the sample screened positive for depression (PHQ-9 >10), and half (49%) did not have evidence of that diagnosis in their encounter data. The study further concluded that the prevalence of co-morbid disease in diabetics may be as high as from 30% up to 50%.(2) Patients with diabetes are twice as likely to experience depression as those without diabetes. While diabetic patients who are also depressed show an increased incidence of diabetic complications, screening for depression in diabetics is not routine.(3) Moreover, patients with diabetes who have co-morbid depression have decreased medication adherence, poorer adherence to exercise and diet, and poor glycemic control,(4) Diabetics with depression have total health...
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...JudahPraise Acheampong Debra Woodson Ap Seminar Tuesday October 23, 2017 Contrary to common belief depression is more than just being sad or having the blues one day. Affecting almost 350 million men, women, and children worldwide. It isn’t usually serious with the younger demographic but that's a entirely different story when it comes to elderly people. Depression affects 6 million Americans ages 65 and older. Depression is a mental health disorder characterized by a persistently depressed mood or loss of interest in activities usually causing significant impairment in daily life. It’s a common side effect of life although it isn’t a normal part of aging. It can be extremely detrimental to physical and mental health of senior citizens....
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...Depression is a mental health condition characterised by feeling intensely sad, low and moody for prolonged periods of time. Depression is one of the most common mental disorders experienced. If depression is not treated or dealt with correctly, it can keep people from functioning normally and affect every aspect of their life, often leading to social isolation, and in the worst case scenario, can result in suicide. According to the Australia Institute of Health and Welfare (2007), a mental disorder affects one in four young people. Of all age groups, 18-24 year olds have the highest prevalence of mental disorders and the leading cause of death in 15-24 year olds is youth suicide (ABS, 2012). In Australia in 2010, mental and behavioural disorders accounted for 12.9% of the total...
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