...of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and attitudes toward teaching children with ADHD: The role of teaching experience. Psychology in The Schools, 49(6), 511-525. doi:10.1002/pits.21617 Das, S. (2015). Attention Deficit Hypertensive Disorder Teacher's Counselling Module for Managing ADHD Children. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach & Studies, 2(4), 105-118. Ercan, E., Ercan, E. S., Atilgan, H., Kabuk?u Basay, B., Uysal, T., Berrin Inci, S., & Akyol Ardi?, ?. (2014). Predicting aggression in children with ADHD. Child & Adolescent Psychiatry & Mental Health, 8(1), 1-17. doi:10.1186/1753-2000-8-15 Kandemir, H., Kilic, B. G., Ekinci, S., & Yuce, M. (2014). An evaluation of the quality of life of children with ADHD and their families. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry / Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 15(3), 265-271. doi:10.5455/apd.46202 Prasad, V., Brogan, E., Mulvaney, C., Grainge, M., Stanton, W., & Sayal, K. (2013). How effective are drug treatments for children with ADHD at improving on-task behaviour and academic achievement in the school classroom? A systematic review and meta-analysis. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 22(4), 203-216....
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...Introduction Aggression is behavior that is forceful, hostile or attacking. It is an intention to cause harm or an act intended to increase relative social dominance. Workplace aggression is any act of aggression, physical assault, threatening or coercive behavior that causes physical or emotional harm in a work setting (Rai, 2002). Aggression at workplace can also be to show or as a result of dissatisfaction and disapproval to other’s action. Violence is defined by the World Health Organization as the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against a person, or against a group or community that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, mal-development or deprivation. Workplace violence is an action or incident that physically or psychologically harms another person. It includes situations where employees and other people are threatened, attacked or physically assaulted at work (Department of Health, 2004). It ranges from threats and verbal abuse to physical assaults and even homicide. It can affect and involve employees, clients, customers and visitors. Violence is aggression; however aggression does not necessarily imply violence. When people talk about workplace violence they may be referring to a range of hostile acts – from threats and intimidation to homicide.. Workplace aggression includes violent acts as well as nonviolent acts such as harassment, intimidation, and threats that create...
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...Unnoticed Antisocial Personality Disorder The treatment available for any type of mental illness in the 1960’s didn’t have much diversity to it only ranging from a couple of medications like “chloryl hydrate, bromides, and barbiturates” to sedate the patients and lobotomies that were used during this time but they had a high death rate of “twenty five percent” and leftmost showing “a total absence of feeling” (Foerschner). The first antidepressant was introduced in the 1980’s by the name of “Prozac” before this there was no medication that could properly treat depression (Foerschner). With the very limited treatments for mental illness, it was very hard to cure and help mental illness in the 1960’s. In modern day there are many different approaches...
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...programs have been guided by Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) concepts or principles. These types of programs have been considered to be a viable solution to the rising cost associated with incarceration and increases in recidivism rates (MacKenzie, 2006). Many of the benefits of these programs are that they are designed to promote positive changes in the offender’s behavior attributed to their lack of coping skills, cognitive skills, problem solving, moral development and reasoning (MacKenzie, 2006). One of the other restructuring therapies utilized in these programs include cognitive restructuring (MacKenzie, 2006). Within this approach, a number of prevention programs have been developed to prevent and treat antisocial behavior. Examples of some of these programs include the weekend intervention program (WIP), the aggression replacement training (ART) program and strategies for thinking productively program (MacKenzie, 2006). The Weekend Intervention Program (WIP) is an alternative to incarceration for...
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...Personality Disorder Diagnostic criteria “A. There is a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others occurring since age 15 years, as indicated by three (or more) of the following: B. The individual is at least age 18 years. C. There is evidence of conduct disorder with onset before age 15 years. D. The occurrence of antisocial behavior is not exclusively during the course of schizophrenia or a manic episode.” (Psychiatric News) Description Antisocial personality disorder is a condition characterized by repetitive behavioral, patterns that are contrary to usual moral, ethical standards, and cause a person to experience continuous conflict with society. Signs of Antisocial personality disorder include aggression, callousness, impulsiveness, irresponsibility, hostility, a low frustration level, marked emotional immaturity, and poor judgment. A person who has this disorder overlooks the rights of others, is incapable of loyalty to others or to social values, is unable to experience guilt or to learn from past behaviors, is impervious to punishment, and tends to rationalize his or her behavior or to blame it on others. “Antisocial personality disorder, also known as psychopathic personality or sociopathic personality often brings a person into conflict with society as a consequence of a pattern of behavior that is amoral and unethical. Complications that might arise from having this disorder include: frequent imprisonment for unlawful behavior...
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...the rights of others” (www.mentalhealth.gov). Sociopathy was an earlier term often used to describe an individual with the traits that indicate antisocial personality disorder. These characteristics include impulsive behavior, aggression, inability to respect authority, consistent immoral behavior with negative consequences (even...
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...Article Summary: “Conflict Resolution and Bully Prevention: Skills for School Success Columbia College June 26, 2010 This article discussed conflict resolution and bully prevention in school settings. Both are very important topics today in our present day schools. Bullying has become a common occurrence at many schools. According to the article, a survey of more than fifteen hundred students found that approximately 20% reported being a victim of bullying and 20% considered themselves to be a bully (Heydenberk, Heydenberk, & Tzenova 55). About one out of ten students reported having been threatened or injured at school and 5% indicated that they had absences due to safety concerns and threats (Heydenberk, Heydenberk, & Tzenova 55). Bullying, as evidenced in the article has an affect not only on those involved but on the entire school setting. Bullying can cause disruption in class and thus interrupt learning of all of the students. Bullying can also require teachers to have to spend more time on behavior modification rather than on teaching. Bullying can have a lasting impact on students and some have even suffered depression and other mental health problems. Due to the prevalence and consequences of bullying, various studies have been conducted on the efficacy of varied school safety programs. According to the article, conflict resolution program evaluations show that such programs not only reduce aggression and violence in communities and their schools but also provide...
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...CHAPTER TWO Review of Literature Introduction Current educational research on bullying imbedded in bullying programs instruct Educators on how to handle different aspects of bullying episodes and, on how to instill an understanding of student’s perceptions of bullying incidents, however, not all teachers have the same perception of bullying interactions. Everyone comes to the table with their own set of definitions and perspectives based upon their background and upbringing. There is a need to examine these varied perceptions and understandings and how people in schools define and respond to bullying. There are critical gaps in the existing research on this subject and by identifying and understanding teacher perceptions of bullying in this time frame of 2013, response to incidents involving student bullying will provide useful insights while also providing future researchers points of comparison. The purpose of Chapter Two is to support examination of my body of research and to determine similarities and differences in teacher perceptions of bullying in their schools. Background information will be provided to the reader on the kinds of bullying and their definitions, and what affects accompany bullying episodes and current existing attitudes about bullying. Review of the Related Literature Bullying has been come to be defined as the repeated aggressive behavior that can be either physical, psychological to...
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...Autism Autism is one of the fastest growing disabilities in the United States and affects the lives of 1 in 88 children 1 in 54 affecting boys. It usually appears within the first three years of a child’s life and can affect the social and communication skills of the child’s brain. Autism cost a family on average $60,000 a year and males are five times more likely to have autism than females. Even though there is no medical cure for autism parents can educate themselves on the symptoms, treatment, and diagnosis of autism and how it affects the lives of families every day. Autism is a disorder that affects a child’s social and communication skills within the first three years of life. It is a physical condition that has been linked to abnormalities such as biology and chemistry in the brain. There is extensive research being done to discover the exact abnormalities but they continue to remain unknown. Chromosome abnormalities and genetic factors have also been linked to autism. For Ex: identical twins are more like to both have autism than fraternal twins. The diagnosis of autism is a difficult process and requires the child to undergo a series of test and observations. If a parent suspects that their child may have autism their health care provider will give the child a hearing, blood lead, and screening test. The child may also have to go through a complete physical as well as a complete nervous system (neurological) examination. There are several risk factors that have...
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...Literature Review Sample on Bullying Posted by Vic Fabe at 7:40 PM Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE This part of the study will be discussing the relevant literature connected with the study of the bullying in high school. This part of the study accounts the works that has been published on a topic by accredited scholars and researchers. All this would allow the readers to map the field and position your research within the context. Moreover, this part of the study justifies the reason for research. This is closely connected with demonstrating that is known in the field. It is the knowledge of the field that allows one to identify the gap, which the research could fill. Concurrently, it allows the researcher to establish the theoretical framework and methodological focus. Adolescents in High School Adolescence is an especially dangerous time of life. The onset of puberty produces biological changes that are certainly unprecedented, if not scary. The adolescent's body changes visibly, and while his appearance continues to change, his concept of self changes as well. The reception he receives from others changes, in addition to the way he responds to them. The boundaries once conceived of as permanent are uncertain and must be reconfigured. The adolescent will begin to see himself as having sexual drives and may feel great anxiety surrounding sexual matters. And in response to this myriad of intense feelings and changes, the adolescent presents himself as omnipotent...
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...Introduction Violence in America's society is a major problem. This problem can be traced back as far as fetal development. Is not rocket science to realize that most angry violent acts are due to a disturbed child or individual that lacked attention, love or care? Violence is not a new problem and scientists are just finding out new facts about how it starts and how it can be prevented. Violence is a social problem that increases over the years. Violence is shown in magazines and books, on television and in the media. Violence on television is a major source for aggressive or violent behavior, but Children also pick up violence from a parent or guardian at an early age. It has been psychologically proven that males are more aggressive than females. Therefore, if a child's parents are being aggressive, their actions tend to be imitated. Children are affected very much in different ways from their families. That is why the families’ role in children's life is very important. Families are the key factor in youth violence. The early developmental stages of babies is key to starting a good lifelong learning experience. This is the certain time in which their brains and behavior patterns are significantly developing. Babies need that love and sense of closeness to obtain a healthy start. Obviously mothers who smoke, drink or do drugs while pregnant can cause serious health problems. Also, when they are young most of the time these problems persist. This...
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...TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER Antisocial Personality Disorder: Also referred to as sociopathy or psychopathy interventions for people with antisocial personality disorder are poorly researched and direct evidence on the treatment of this population is scarce (British Psychological Society; 2010). it is also hard to assess how effective the available treatments are in dealing with APD’s symptoms. Antisocial personality disorder is one of the most difficult personality disorders to treat. People with the disorder rarely seek treatment on their own. Treatment is usually by force for eg. when required to by a court, the threat of termination of employment, impending divorce etc. (Grossmann, 2004 pg. 182). Treatment Even when diagnosed it can be difficult to treat the disorder. This is largely because by definition people with the disorder do not care that they are causing pains and problems, “they are possessed of an absent or defective conscience, restraints must usually be provided by external forces” (Grossman et al. 2004 pg. 182). Incarceration/criminal justice system: Sometimes hospitalization in a mental facility or incarceration during the most active criminal periods in a prison facility are necessary treatment steps. The majority of individuals receiving interventions for APD and associated problems will be in the criminal justice system – with the intervention provided by the probation or prison services. The aim being to reduce the offending...
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...Running head: COMPLETING THE PUZZLE Completing the Puzzle of Autism Spectrum Disorder Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) most commonly known as Autism is a neurological disorder that affects the normal brain function. It is a disorder characterized by deficits in three major areas of behavior-social, communicative and the display of repetitive or restricted behaviors. This research paper will provide a review of people with autism spectrum disorders, including the symptoms, diagnosis criteria, and possible causes. In addition, it will describe with how it has impacted the society, families and themselves. Completing the Puzzle of Autism Spectrum Disorder Can you imagine trying to understand what your parents or peers are saying but you don’t really know what the words mean? Sometimes this can make a child very upset and frustrated just because they can’t come up with the right words to express his or her feelings or thoughts. These kids with special needs try to live their lives by learning to handle stuff that are challenging and annoying for them. People with autism can make a significant contribution to society, as well as to their families. However, having autism is generally difficult for the person themselves and their family, it also involves great financial sacrifice. What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) most commonly known as “Autism” is a neurological disorder that has an effect on...
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...Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy CTE is a deterioration of the brain and can also be defined as a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is caused by repetitive head trauma. CTE first came along in 1928 and was described by New Jersey medical examiner, Dr. Harrison Martland. Martland began to notice a group of related symptoms in boxers (confusion, speech problems, tremors, and slow movement). He published an article entitled “Punch Drunk,” in which he describes the boxers as, “cuckoo,” “goofy,” “cutting paper dolls,” or “slug nutty” (Journal of the American Association, 1928). Later, this was termed dementia pugilistica, which actually means dementia of a fighter. With the growth of our sports like American football, symptoms of CTE were being reported in a number of athletes other than boxers and in the 1960s, it was renamed Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. CTE has become a very popular topic because of its close association with American football, soccer hockey, boxing, and professional wrestling. Several of the affected athletes are retired, but have struggled in their late years with anger, depression, substance abuse, memory/motor disturbances, and suicide. Autopsy results from these particular athletes have proposed a link between these cognitive, emotional, and physical manifestations and CTE. In addition to athletes, soldiers have become another group of concern being that many are returning from the battlefield and have brain injuries along with blast...
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... page 8 Introduction "Community psychology concerns the relationships of the individual to communities and society. Through collaborative research and action, Community psychologists seek to understand and to enhance quality of life for individuals, communities and society" (Dalton, Elias & Wandersman, 209, p5) To understand the possible roles of a community psychologist, we need to understand the principles that govern how we appeoach a situation. 1. Principles of community psychology 1.1 Prevention Prevention deals with identifying ways to minimise or prevent the problem from occurring. Treatment is important in cases where the illness has already occured however community psychologists strive to prevent the illness or problem from occurring. Prevention lessens the demand for treatment. 1.2 Change Community psychologists generally work in a non-clinical setting. They aim to effect social change in a broad context. 1.3 Citizen participation Citizen participation is encouraged...
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