...Renaissance and more specifically the 15th century in Europe, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. The most important consequences of this invention are the increased production of books, the spread of knowledge, and the spread of a new religion. By changing the method for reproduction of books from handwriting to printing, the printing press created a better way of copying books. By comparing an advertisement about copying texts from the15th century and a woodcut that shows copying in the 16th century, it can be observed that the method for book reproduction is much faster and much easier.(doc #1) Being fast and easy, the printing method also became very cheap. The printing press created a more efficient way of reproducing books than the ones people used before that. By making the reproduction of books so much better, the printing press created a positive feedback loop that allowed more and more people to copy books. When maps that show the locations of the printing press in 1471 and 1500 are...
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...The Printing Press Introduction: The Advancement The advancement in question is the printing press, a technological innovation that profoundly altered human culture. It may be argued, in fact, that this advancement revolutionized humanity and society in a manner rivaled only by the modern advent of the Internet. Moreover, as will be discussed, these were impacts with both varied and far-reaching consequences: “Paper and printing paved the way for religious reformation and made possible popular education” (Thompson, 1978, p. 167). It is then all the more astonishing that such consequences could arise from so simple a mechanism, or that its development would be realized as late as the 15th century. What is generally considered the original version of the modern printing press is a machine consisting of several key components. A long wooden table provides the surface for setting out the paper and ink, and these are then placed under the upright frame of the press itself. Before this step, however, every stage requires exacting work. First, the type is needed, which are metal blocks with raised letters, numbers, and punctuation marks on one end. This type is then arranged to spell out the document, smeared with ink, and lowered by the frame onto the paper by means of a large and adjustable screw, supported by a cross beam (Hook, 2009, p. 46). The press is, again, hardly an impressive-looking feat of engineering. Essentially, it looks...
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...The Printing Press and how it shaped our modern world To center a line in Microsoft Word, select Format | Paragraph from the main toolbar, and then on the Indents and Spacing tab beside the word Alignment choose Center from the drop-down list. Introduction to the Humanities Professor You can insert the date in Microsoft Word by selecting Insert | Date and Time… from the main toolbar and selecting a style. Date 05/14/2011 Prior to 1440 everything read in Europe was copied by hand or copied from wooden blocks carved by hand. This was very expensive and time consuming. The only people who were literate were those of the church and a small percentage of nobility. That all changed with Johanes Gutenber’s creation of the printing press. Johann Gutenberg managed to bring together technologies known for centuries before him, adding the idea for movable metal type. This led to the mass production of books, being them more available to the general public. The invention of the printing press helped ideas spread quickly making things easier for the reform of the Church and the development of modern sciences. "Renaissance" means "rebirth" in French and stands for the cultural, intellectual and economic changes that occurred in Europe from the fourteenth century and lasted through the sixteenth century. However, the Renaissance was not the first rebirth of learning during the Middle Ages since many beautiful cathedrals had previously been built using classical styles: universities...
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...Although the Chinese experimented with block printing by the 11th century, Johannes Gutenberg created movable type in the 15th century and invented a machine that is widely known as the printing press (History of the Printing Press, 2007, The Story section, para. 2). This significant discovery led to the publication of books that promoted literacy and expanded knowledge. This paper provides a background and analysis of the social, economic, and political factors that influenced this important discovery. As a result of this invention, the expansion of knowledge challenged many traditional beliefs and created a paradigm shift in human relationships among different regions of the world. There were Social, Economic, and Political Factors that played a huge role in the printing press as well. During the late medieval times, society was making a change into the coming years. Occurring was a pickup in social factors that lead to emerging capitalism, this sparked off more literacy among the wealthy and upper, middle-class. With new interest of literacy and knowledge, the printing press did not satisfy the demand. Manuscripts, prior to the discovery of the printing press, took years to develop. Thereafter, pages were published using time-consuming wood graving techniques with limited reusability. Pages were compromised of a number of blocks jointed together to raise the words off the page and were then pressed and copied onto another (Ament, 2007). Gutenberg first experimented...
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...learning. The change in social life is inseparable from the endeavours of technology and social science. Information system as a dominating force created by Technology and Information science are precisely the leading factors in the advancement of such systems. Most of modern Information systems banks on the technical side of IT and information contents such as peoples activities including management, decision making and support operations. Thus, the information system provides an incentive to promote efficiency at work and improve the overall quality of life. The aim of this essay is to address the information systems that have changed the way we work and collaborate in significant ways from two aspects: the virtual organisation and the printing press. The main body will consists an analysis with examples on the impact of these two technologies and the power of Information that has quickly transformed societies by influencing the way people work and live. Main Body Considering the new paradigm of work-anywhere, anytime, in cyberspace or real space. The virtual workplace in which workers function remotely from each other and managers, is becoming a reality now and all indications are that it will become more widespread in the future. Thus a Virtual organisation signifies a new organisational form that facilitates technological demands (Black & Edwards, 2000). Therefore the virtual organisation can be defined as an information-intensive organisation form (Child & McGrath, 2001)...
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...Printing Press The Ancient Catalyst of Culture DeVry University Humanities 303 Printing Press, the Ancient Catalyst of Culture How did we get to the latest art form of printing, the wireless printer? Through years of evolutional design and determination, this technology was possible. The printing press allowed people to learn different styles of the art of printing, education, arts, literature, and cultural differences quicker, and learning was more widespread, in addition; it provided the world with the most efficient means of communication of the written word through mass production. I will show how the decision of humankind to advance the printing presses worthiness did advance literacy in many cultures. Through the printing presses, humble beginnings of block printing to the latest technological advancements, the printing press has continued to evolve in one form or other. The printing presses evolution would not be complete without some prior knowledge of how it all began; therefore, a little history is necessary to fully understand the evolutional picture of communicational needs and the printing press. In ancient times before the beginning of a written dialogue, when reading and writing was nonexistent, communication was nothing more than some obscured hand drawings on clay tablets or cave walls. Communication was limited to the imagination of the ancient artist who wanted to explain life’s surrounding and how to survive. The validation of communications in religion...
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...Printing press is a machine that transfers lettering or images with the contact of various forms of inked surfaces onto papers or similar kind of material into different ways. Printing press is used for printing many copies of a text on papers to form a book or similar kinds of reading material. Around 1446 several print masters were on the process creating effective technology of printing with movable metal type. The rapid cultural change in Europe fueled a growing need for the rapid and cheap production of written documents. A number of people had previously attempted to make a metal type movable printing press, but it was not until a method was invented for producing metal type in large quantities that printing with movable type became economically practicable. Johannes Gutenberg, the son of a noble family of Mainz, Germany was the first person to demonstrate the practicability of movable type printing machine. Gutenberg, who was a stonecutter and goldsmith, invented an alloy of lead, tin and antinomy that would melt at low temperature, cast well in the die, and is durable in the press (Kreis, 2011). As long as the metal in which they were cast did not wear down, it was possible to use and reuse the separate pieces of type, simply by arranging them in the desired order. The innovation of type from an alloy was durable and produced high quality printed books and was suitable for printing than the clay, wooden or bronze types which were already invented in East Asia. The mirror...
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...general students in the university. His friends described him as friendly and outgoing with the uncanny ability of getting things done and getting the best out of people around him. One complain that was there against him was that he was a control-freak as well as being over-meticulous. On the other hand, the origins of Ashraful was very humble. His father was a retired agricultural officer in Bhairab, Kishoreganj. Ashraful was the eldest son in the family, with two younger brothers and two younger sisters. One of his sisters was still unmarried while his immediate younger brother was currently studying engineering in Russia. That meant that the responsibility of the entire family was on his shoulders. Any decision he took now would have a consequence on his entire family and he knew...
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...The End of Europe's Middle Ages Language and Literature -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Until the sixteenth century, Latin was the official language of law, government, business, education and religion in Western Europe. The Latin of written communication was generally considered learned, or high, Latin and composition of documents followed standard guidelines regardless of where the document was written. On the other hand, the common, or Vulgar, Latin was a living language, mingling with and borrowing from regional dialects to suit the needs of local populations. As Vulgar Latin adapted more and more to the native language of a region, it became less recognizable to people outside that area. This process of individualization occurred relatively quickly for oral Latin and the many vernacular languages of Europe that we recognize today were already forming at the beginning of the Middle Ages. The official nature of writing and the predominance of an oral culture meant that written Latin accepted these regional variations at a much slower pace and excerpts from the Vulgate Bible and other patristic writings remained the standard grammatical texts until the Renaissance revived an insistence on classical Latin. Learning Latin in the Middle Ages During the fourteenth century in Italy, there appeared renewed interest in all things classical. This same interest, applied to classical Latin, spelled the end of...
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...Calculate revenues and expenses to be recognised for the years ending 30 June 2004, 30 June 2005 and 30 June 2006 according to AASB 111. b) Prepare ALL relevant journal entries for the year ended 30 June 2005. a) Show the journal entries needed for the land (both blocks together, i.e. treated as one account) for the period 30 June 2006 to 30 June 2008 inclusive. Show appropriate calculations. b) Show the journal entries needed for the building located at George St for the period 30 June 2006 to 30 June 2008 inclusive. Show appropriate calculations. c) Show the journal entries needed for the Printing Press for the period 30 June 2006 to 30 June 2008 inclusive. Provide appropriate calculations and briefly describe whether the asset is impaired at the end of each year. d) Show the journal entries needed on 1 July 2008 for recording the sale of the Printing Press. Show appropriate calculations. a) Can John Cabs Limited record the taxi licence? If so, show the journal entry to record the purchase on 1st July 2005, otherwise explain why John Cabs cannot record the licence. b) If relevant, record amortisation of the taxi licence for the year ended 30 June 2006. c) Can John Cabs Limited use a revaluation model for the taxi licence? If so, show all journal entries required to revalue the licence on 30 June 2006, otherwise explain why John Cabs cannot use the revaluation model to record them. d) Assuming John Cabs Limited uses the revaluation model, provide...
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...Books are symbolic of learning, and the educated. For years now, having a home library was the luxury few could afford. The lucky few who had one were immeasurably proud of it, and rightly so. Today, not only are books beginning to lose the value that they once had in the eyes of Man, their place in society has been increasingly challenged by the newborns of the digital age. New trends such as the increasing pace of life, the accelerating rate at which new information is being pedalled forth, and the ubiquity of the effects of capitalism have driven people to become more efficient. The by-product of such phenomena is that Man is taken as its slave, and only the interests of the market are considered, instead of the individual. Unfortunately, this has dealt a severe blow to the significance of the book in modern society. All indicators seem to point out that the book is unworthy of its more efficient counterparts like the personal computer or tablet. Yet, the book holds a special place in our hearts: its final trump card. We should not be too quick to oust the book out of our lives even with the proliferation of suitable alternatives, for there is still indeed worth of the hard copy even in the frenzy of modern society. Evolution seems to have taken mankind back to square one, where the modern man (like his ancestors thousands of years ago) worries about his next meal, appointment or payment. "Next" seems like the buzzword of modern society, with people constantly looking for...
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...27 January 2011 History 10A 10B Name: ______mohamed abdelrahman________ Date: ___26/2/2011____________ The Northern Renaissance The Northern Renaissance Begins 1. What changes were occurring in northern Europe around 1450 which helped the Renaissance begin? The population of northern Europe which has been shattered by the bubonic plague, the destructive hundred year war between France and England cities grow rapidly, urban merchants became wealthy to sponsor artists. 2. How was the focus of the Northern Renaissance different from the focus of the Southern Renaissance? Northern renaissance was focus on religious ideas than secular themes popular in Italy, the renaissance idea of human dignity inspired some northern humanists to develop plans for social reform based on Christian values.. Artistic Ideas Spread 1. How did the war in Italy spread the Renaissance? As the war dragged on many Italian artists and writers left to a more safer life in northern Europe, with them they brought the styles and techniques of the renaissance, I addition artists who studied in Italy also carried renaissance ideas north. 2. How was the development and spread of oil painting different from many other Renaissance developments? Oil paint does not dry quickly and it can be blended more easily than other paints by applying layer upon layer of paint, oil painting became popular and spread to Italy and was influenced by many artists n the renaissance. 3. Flanders...
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...DELFA PRINTING LTD MANAGEMENT REPORT Executive Summary Delfa and the printing industry has been affected by the Global recession in 2008. One of their 8 major customers has been bought over and will be cancelling a $3.5MM annual contract. Dalfino is presented with 3 different strategies in order to grow and maintain the strength of their business. a) Purchase R&A b) Obtain GPS Contract c) Provide Warehousing to NCI It is recommended that Delfa purchase R&A as it will increase their market share and bring them more digital printing business as it is the current trend in the market place. It is also recommended that GPS contract be obtained as it also fits in with their long term strategic success strategy by maintaining success with high volume offset printing jobs. The will be able to significantly increase their revenue and NI, and meet the ROI of 10& by BOD and the bank covenant. It is also suggested NCI contract not be taken immediately as there is lack of capacity but it is suggested that a larger warehouse be found to obtain this profitable business. Introduction Delfa has been experiencing successful growth up to 2008. Due to the global recession in 2008, the printing industry has been negatively affected. Delfa has lost one of their major customers and is beginning to start having trouble collecting payment for customers. Delfa needs to address how to strategically continue to grow their business into...
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...lacquering process that we all call japanning, this made him a very wealthy man. John Baskerville was forty-four when he took up the business for which he is known today (Lienhard, 1988). In 1750 he setup a printing business, But it took him till 1757 to produce his first book. Cambridge University Press hired him as their printer, here is where he made his masterpiece, the Holy Bible of 1763, and many regarded it, to be the finest book printed in English. After five long years of labor, he produced what might be the most beautiful bible yet made. His other noted works are Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained and Book of Common Prayers (Lienhard, 1988). John Baskerville developed his own method of working, resulting in beautiful bright woven paper and darker inks. He created an intense black ink color through the tedious process of boiling fine linseed oil to a certain thickness, dissolving rosin, and allowing it to subside for months and finally grinding it down before using it. Baskerville followed other printers closely and made the same purchases as them in hopes of setting up the same press. This routine resulted in the development of higher standards for presses altogether. Existing printing presses did not capture the subtitles of his type, so Baskerville redesigned the press...
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...up corner on the screen. To create an account click on details. Balance for your account will appear here. Type your username and password if you have one. Click on this icon if Print-Limit pro window is not available on top right corner. 2 STEP: 2 Click on Register as a New User to create print account. Or STEP: 3 Type username and password that you have previously created. Click here to Register as a new User. 3 STEP: 2a Fill the fields with your information and then click Register bottom. Complete the form and Press Register bottom. 4 STEP: 3A After login in to your account you can see balance and your print history. On the left side you can see Redeem card link. Click in the Redeem card link 5 STEP: 3B To recharge your account type your card number that you have purchased from reception. Then click REDEEM CARD Bottom. Insert the number printed in the voucher card Press this bottom after inserting voucher number. 6 STEP: 4 After recharging your card, check your balance clicking Summary button, which is first option in left hand side. The balance will be the total amount in your account. STEP 5: After recharging, open and print the required...
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