...Tamil Nadu National law School PRIVATE SECTOR IN INDIA: BOON OR BANE SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF B.A.L.L.B (Hons.), THIRD SEMESTER Submitted to: Submitted by- Mr.Yuvraj Akash Gupta BA0130005 SUPERVISOR’S CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the Project Report entitled: ‘PRIVATE SECTOR IN INDIA: BOON OR BANE’ submitted to the Tamil Nadu National Law School in partial fulfilment of the requirements for B.A. LL.B (Hons.), third semester is an original and bona-fide research work carried out by Akash Gupta under my supervision and guidance. No part of this study has been submitted to any University for the award of any Degree or Diploma whatsoever. ______________________ (Mr.Yuvraj) ------------------------------------------------- Preface This project is intended to carry out an extensive research on the topic “PRIVATE SECTOR IN INDIA: BOON OR BANE” by the supervisor. The research and analysis conducted by the researchers are bona-fide and purely for academic purposes. Every effort is made to keep the project error free. We would gratefully acknowledge the suggestions to improve the project to make it more useful. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...
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...machinery, material and man. On the other hand, External environment consists of demo-graphical factors, socio-cultural factors, political factors, geo-physical factors, government and legal factors. 5. Understand the organizational purpose of business 1.1 Identify the purpose of different types of organizations There are different types of organizations and mainly all kinds of organizations are divided in three sectors: public sectors, private sectors and voluntary sector organizations. The purposes of those organizations are not same. Public sector is owned and run by the government for the people. People pay taxes to the government and this money is used to finance most of the public sectors. The main purposes of public sectors organizations are to provide essential public services and to use resources well for the benefit of the community. Private sector businesses are owned and run by private individuals. Examples of private sector businesses are franchises, companies (private and public), partnership and sole traders. Purposes of private sector organizations are making profit, growing their business, increasing market share and maximize sales. Voluntary groups are not owned by any individual people. However, some will be...
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...capacity of share is 4878 MW and PS has signed PPAs with private companies setting up plants at Goindwal Sahib (540MW), Talwandi Sabo(1980 MW), Rajpura (1400 MW)and with NTPC (2640 MW with PSPCL share of 1320 MW). So the total installed capacity in the state by the end of 2014-15 is expected to be 9118 MW. In addition, has signed MOUs with private companies for setting up thermal plants in the state of more than 5000 MW capacity. In addition, presently P has allocation of 1840 MW from central sector plants which is expected to cross 470 MW in the next 5 years. As there is no difference between the powers contracted on long term basis with plants set up outside the state either by central sector or private sector companies and the PPAs signed for procurement of power with private companies setting up plants in the state so mission appears to have been secured well before 2015 without investing even a penny in any project. The question is what will be doing in the next 5 years whereas generation is concerned? In the past, the management of repeatedly argued in favour of setting up plants under state sector and has mentioned it many a times that "setting up of thermal plants in the state sector is in the interest of the state" but surprisingly this commitment has not been explicitly depicted in the draft vision statement which is not only shocking but depressing for the engineers. We would like to know the vision of the company to expand its generation business by setting up new...
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...(M&S, 2013) Marks and Spencer is a major British retailer which was founded in 1884 and operates 766 owned and franchised stores in the United Kingdom; and 418 owned and franchised stores in 51 territories in Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, and Asia. Type of business M&S is an international business because it is located in various other countries with the United Kingdom and 418 owned and franchised stores in 51 territories in Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, and Asia. M&S is in the private sector organisation because it is part of the national economy made up of private enterprises. It includes the personal sector (households) and corporate sector (companies), and is responsible for allocating most of the resources within an economy. See also public sector (business dictionary, 2013) M&s is a large size business because there are more than 250 employees, M&S has up to 82,000 employees and the majority of the people are in the UK. M&s is in the tertiary sector because they are providing services to individuals and business an example of the type of service M&S would provide is they could provide fresh lingerie this would include: • Transporting the lingerie • Selling the lingerie in the stores • Advertising the lingerie (they could use manikins to advertise) (John Bevan et al 2010) Purpose M&S is main purpose is to make as much profit as possible, and to make sure customer are satisfied with their outstanding products. M&S make products that are...
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...Benefits | 16 | Organization Development | 3 | Career opportunities | 17 | Pay | 4 | Chief Executive Officer | 18 | Performance Review | 5 | Communication | 19 | Personal Growth | 6 | Company’s Values | 20 | Purpose in Life | 7 | Decision Making | 21 | Recognition | 8 | Direct Supervisor | 22 | Social Contribution | 9 | Environmental Mastery | 23 | Social Integration | 10 | Focused Work | 24 | Senior Managers | 11 | Human Resource Mgt. | 25 | Training & Development | 12 | Individual’s Own Values | 26 | Trust | 13 | Interpersonal Support | 27 | Work Group | 14 | Job Content | 28 | Work-Life Balance | Perrin‟s Global Workforce Study (2005) uses the definition “employees‟ willingness and ability to help their company succeed, largely by providing discretionary effort on a sustainable basis.” According to study, engagement is affected by many factors which involve both emotional and rational factors relating to work and the overall work experience.This verdict and definition forwarded by Institute of Employment Studies gives a...
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...IA#1 Cybercrime Law, Regulation, Effects on Innovation John Doe CSEC 620 Section 9022 Note: This paper was submitted through originality check websites. Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Private Industry & Regulations 4 3. National Security Concerns 4 4. Methods 6 5. Impacts of Government Regulation 7 6. Compliance 8 7. Responsibility 9 8. The Real World 10 9. Conclusion 11 References 12 1. Introduction Cybersecurity and cybersecurity initiatives are commonplace in all aspects of our digital lives. Personal computers are still widely used, especially in the workplace, but mobile devices seem to be the preferred computing choice of the average person. This would include but not be limited to; smart phones, tablets, and laptops to name a few. Mobile devices have changed the digital landscape in a manner that could not have been predicted. This is because other than work or school related activities, most personal computers were used to play a few games, check email, and browse the internet. These activities eventually transitioned over to the aforementioned mobile devices. Now we mix in social media, and a whole new digital cyber-world has emerged. Talk about getting your head out of the clouds. We live in the cloud, literally and figuratively. What does this mean to the average consumer? Perhaps not much. Most people who operate in the digital world could probably care less about the underpinnings of cyberspace and...
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...or unlawful decision or action, or not making legitimate decisions or actions. “Corruption has many faces. It may be in the form of money or of providing services in order to gain advantages such as favourable treatment, special protection, extra services, or reduced delays”. (NHO) Problem with this definition is that it is not appropriate for all cultures and societies, for example, those where there is no difference between private and public sector. Also, what is considered as corruption in one society may not be so in another society. Nevertheless, in every society it can be actions that are condemned for cultural reasons, and expectations that are imposed on perpetrators of public functions. Ambiguity is the fact that the phenomenon of corruption has been seen mainly in public sector. Such an understanding of corruption is limited for two reasons. First, the "offer" of corruption, as usually occurs in the private sector, for example, if the bribe-taker is a private enterprise. Second, corruption can thrive well in the private or third sector, in the latter, such as obtaining government benefits or the benefits of the European Union. Such a case where an employee responsible for negotiating the purchase of raw material without the consent of the Board or the owner with the...
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...Deloitte Deloitte Pranjal Kapoor Pranjal Kapoor Public Private Partnership Public Private Partnership Infrastructure Road/Highways Sector Public Private Partnership (PPP) A public private partnership is defined as “a cooperative venture between the public and private sectors, built on the expertise of each partner that best meets clearly defined public needs through the appropriate allocation of resources, risk and rewards. PPP is a way out to solve public deficit financing. It is done to give rise to speedy infrastructure growth. The Public Private Partnership has emerged as one of the most important models government use to close the infrastructure gap. For example, a city government might be heavily indebted, but a private enterprise might be interested in funding the project's construction in exchange for receiving the operating profits once the project is complete. Why PPP model? There are usually two fundamental drivers for PPPs. Firstly, PPPs enable the public sector to harness the expertise and efficiencies that the private sector can bring to the delivery of certain facilities and services traditionally procured and delivered by the public sector. Secondly, a PPP is structured so that the public sector body seeking to make a capital investment does not incur any borrowing. Rather, the PPP borrowing is incurred by the private sector vehicle implementing the project and therefore, from the public sector's perspective, a PPP is an...
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...service contract, operating contract, performance contract and others. However, the terms of PPP and concession will be using interchangeably throughout the entire topic. Basically all those terms refer to one common purpose. The purpose is to establish a method of procurement that brings together the public and the private sectors in a long-term partnership for mutual benefit. The vital feature is that it is intended to achieve both social and commercial goals. When it serve as a long-term solution for offering infrastructure within a country, it would indirectly support sufficient growth and economic benefits for the public. The broader execution of concession can be done to fund transport infrastructure such as highways, tunnels, railway, ports, bridges, railroads, airports and canals transport systems. They are also often used to finance projects in water supply, power generation, sewerage, dams, irrigation and drainage, and to a lesser extent, telecommunications and solid waste management infrastructure. In the case of Malaysia, the Government officially revealed the execution of public projects using the Public Private Partnership (PPP) or Private Finance Initiative (PFI) scheme under the 9th Malaysia Plan. In 2009,...
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...P1 – Describe the travel and tourism business environment, providing examples of organisations Public sector The public sector is a business sector provided and maintain by the government, in the Travel and Tourism sector the public sector consists of organisations like Translink rail and bus service, tourist information centres and leisure centres. Private sector The private sector consists of a variety of business that survive by making profit from whatever service they provide. In the Travel and Tourism business in the private sector the services provided are there so a business can make a profit these services will likely more expensive compared to public sector in order for a higher level service can be provided. Examples of organisations in the private sector would be airlines like EasyJet or Virgin Atlantic, also organisations like tour operators such as Thompson. Geographical Local: a local Business in a small kind of organisation that operates with only one branch, an example of a local organisation in the travel and tourism industry is Portrush travel which is a small independent business that mainly only caters to customers in it local area. Regional: a business that is classified as regional can be describe as a type of business that operators within a specific part of a country but owns multiples sites where it provides its services. For example a travel agent like Oasis Travel is classed as Regional organisation as it only operates inside the region of...
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...portion of young graduates of the country. The presence of high number of young entrepreneurs is one of the distinctive features of this industry. In last decade many tech savvy young graduates, some of them returning from abroad after finishing education, have started their IT ventures. Despite various local and global challenges, these young spirited entrepreneurs have done remarkably well in building sustainable business organizations through their hard work and passion. Surely, the enthusiasm and resilience of the young entrepreneurs are the main driving force of Bangladesh IT industry. Snapshot of the Industry: Size, Composition and Market According to BASIS survey, there are over 800 registered software and ITES (IT Enabled Service) companies in Bangladesh. There are another few hundred of unregistered small and home-based software and IT ventures doing business for both local and international markets. Chart 1 Bangladesh Software and ITES Industry 800 + Enterprise no. Software 44% 56% Tk. 1,800 crore + (US$ 250 million) Revenue of Software & ITES Industry ITES Industry Revenue Proportion 30,000 + Professionals Total Human Resource Employed in the Industry Source: BASIS survey The total industry size is estimated to be around Tk. 1,800 crore (US$ 250 million). Approximately 30,000 professionals, majority IT and other graduates, are employed in the industry. Though, compared to other traditional mainstream...
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...and for devising strategy. 2. Research what the Private Sector’s broad aims and objectives are. The aim is to maximize the profits for shareholders and owners. The nature of the private sector in a market economy means that consumers are best served if companies are competing to provide the best products and services at the lowest possible prices. 3. Write down the name of 4 private sector organisations. 1. Sole traders 2. Partnerships 3. Companies 4. Franchises Tesco Facebook JD sports Blackberry 4. Find out what the broad aims are of the Public Sector. The public sector’s aims and objectives are to provide services for the community at either local or national level. The primary objective of the public sector is to provide services such as refuse collection, schools, leisure facilities and health care, to their customers, which are ultimately the tax-payer. 5. Write down the name of 4 public sector organisations. * Police * School * Army * Ambulance 6. Find out what the broad aims of the Voluntary Sector. Maximise self-satisfaction. 7. Write down the name of 4 voluntary sector organisations. * Oxfam * Red cross * Love underdogs * Kids in Asia 8. Go onto the web and find out the aims and objectives for one of the private sector, public sector and voluntary sector organisations that you have listed above. Private sector: Tesco- To grow the UK core, To be an outstanding international...
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...core purpose is to create value for customers to earn their lifetime loyalty. (Source: www.tesco.com). Tesco is Cancer Research UK Charity of the Year for 2012. They aim is to raise around £10million to help find the cure for cancer but also help keeping families together by prolonging lives. Cancer Research is therefore the leading charity to help patients suffering with cancer. Task 1: There are different aspects of business activity in the United Kingdom’s economy; this involves the Primary sector, Secondary sector and Tertiary sector. Primary sector involves extracting raw products from natural resources for example farming. Secondary sector is the main sector in the economy this includes industrial manufacturers of finishing products from raw material this includes both light and heavy industries. An example of secondary sector involves making plastic from oil. The final business activity is tertiary, tertiary sector is a voluntary or non-profit sector of the economy. These provide services to individuals and businesses. The two organisations I am going to describe the purposes of are Tesco and Cancer Research UK. Tesco’s and Cancer Research Up are two very different types of businesses. Tesco’s is a profit organisation while cancer is a non-profit organisation. Profit organisations rely on keeping running costs to a minimum. These running costs are the day-today costs that are needed to help run the organisation. For a profit to be made, the money received...
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...their purposes | 2 | 8 to 10 | Learner Declaration | I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully acknowledged.Learner Signature: Bayan Kaid Date: 28/9/2015 | YOUNG INVESTORS MAGAZINE UNIT 1: Business Environment By: Bayan Kaid | 9/19/15 | Teacher: Fred Nzuku | Contents | Page number | Task one (P1) * Introduction of business & magazine………………… | (1,3) | * Private sector Business: Safaricom………………….. * Introduction to Safaricom……………………………. * Safaricom Competitors & no of employees………….. * Safaricom type of ownership…………………………. * Ownership advantages and disadvantage…………….. * | (4) | * Safaricom sales and figures…………………………. * Purposes of Safaricom existence…………………….. * Safaricom aims and objectives………………………. | (5) | | | * Public sector Business: National Bank of Kenya…….....
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...they would like to achieve. For this task I will define what is meant by the aims and objectives of businesses in different sectors. Mission Statement: • Many organisations have a mission statement. A mission statement is… • The wording may be different depending on the sector. For example in the private sector… • In the public sector… • In the not-for-profit sector… (Use examples of mission statements from the three organisations you are using) Aims and Objectives: • Aims are… (definition, time to achieve, examples are profit maximisation, break-even, survival, service provision, sales, growth, market share, relationships with other businesses) • Objectives are…(definition, time to achieve, how do they relate to aims) • Objectives have to be SMART because… This means…(explain each element) Private Sector Aims and Objectives: • The organisation that I will write about is…(identify main products/services provided) • The aims of the organisation are… • To achieve these aims, the organisation can set objectives such as… Public Sector Aims and Objectives: • The organisation that I will write about is…(identify main products/services provided) • The aims of the organisation are… • To achieve these aims, the organisation can set objectives such as… Not-for-Profit Sector Aims and Objectives: • The organisation that I will write about is…(identify main products/services provided) ...
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