...construct their own learning. Bronfenbrenner and Pavlov presented theories relating to behaviour and psychosocial development. Professional teaching requires consideration and understanding of both cognitive and behavioural theories in order to create successful learning opportunities. Piaget and Vygotsky shared the view that children actively construct their own learning outcomes. (Eggen & Kauchak, 2010, Ch2, p49). However, they each differed in their concept of how constructivism occurs. Piaget believed that social interaction and experience with the physical environment creates situations for individuals to experience disequilibrium of existing understanding, (cognitive and sociocognitive conflict). Lack of equilibrium encourages the learner to assimilate and/or accommodate existing mental schemes which ultimately leads to a higher level of cognition. (Eggen & Kauchak, 2010, Ch2, pp34-35). Vygotsky, on the other hand, believed that social interaction, cultural influences, and language (as the most important mediator), are directly responsible for influencing and fostering the construction of knowledge thereby generating cognitive growth (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010 Ch6,...
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...stated cooperative learning is a strategy that is used to maximize students achievement in schools; though, oftentimes it goes without being used to its fullest potential or is used in an unsuccessful. Woolfolk (2001) views cooperative learning as an arrangement in which students work in mixed ability groups and are rewarded on the basis of the success of the group. Another website resource studied that the term "cooperative learning" covers the subset of active learning activities which students do as groups of three or more, rather than alone or in pairs; generally, cooperative learning techniques employ more formally structured groups of students assigned complex tasks, Students’ learning goals may be structured to promote cooperative, competitive, or individualistic efforts. In every classroom, instructional activities are aimed at accomplishing goals and are conducted under a goal structure. This piece of information links to the types of Cooperative Learning in this paper. It is divided into three different types and there are Formal Cooperative...
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...Classroom Management NBT-1 (1114) Angella Browne ID: 000309596 6/22/2015 Scenario Two A1. Positive Social Interaction My particular approach to classroom management is to keep things in order and to provide a safe, comfortable classroom environment for my students. All students will be treated equally. I believe the homework policy in scenario two would encourage a better effort for social interaction between the students and Mr. Collet. As discussed in Mr. Collet's policy, if a student is turning in homework late, they must first discuss it with the teacher. This is a great way of showing a resolve with a problem because it gives the students a chance to discuss why it is turned in late or not at all. That way as team, they can try to...
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...competencies are developed and improved. All students assumed capable. | Assessment is linked to proof of knowledge: Students are tested to prove knowledge of content and are classified according to scores. Some are weeded out, not allowed to graduate or have to re-take the test or entire course. | Classroom Environment | The classroom environment is important to teaching and learning: The physical space is adjusted to meet learner diversity. Desk and classroom arrangement promotes interactivity, active learning, and positive interaction. The climate is flexible and meets the diversity of all learner needs. Cooperation and active learning is emphasized through a variety of student-centered activities. | The environment is not a consideration for teaching and learning: The physical space is not orderly or organized and does not promote active learning and positive interaction. No thought of learner interaction considered for classroom arrangement. The rigid climate is not flexible or responsive to learners. May promotes strong competitiveness and does not sufficiently foster cooperation and/or active learning. | Responsibilities | Professionalism is an important attribute in education: The instructor must be...
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...Interactions are one of the most important elements of early childcare and education. As a practitioner, I now understand the importance of quality interactions between practitioner and child, as they help build strong relationships especially when the activity is meaningful and enjoyable (DCCC, 2012). Interactions in Happy Days Playschool are warm, nurturing and respectful, but through the Aistear-Síolta (2015) self-evaluations, I discovered that at times my interactions were often superficial or directive, which was denying me the opportunity to fully tune into the child’s learning and to build secure relationships with the child. Síolta (2006) acknowledge that the role of the practitioner in terms of ensuring constructive interactions with children is demanding, but through reflective practice, I was able to ‘slow down’ my every day interactions, particularly the technique of scaffolding in order to enhance children’s learning outcomes. Vygotsky (1962) stated that we learn through our interactions and communications with others. Vygotsky proposed that social interaction proceeds development and children learn tasks and abilities through...
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...“third space”, and what makes people happy, I think about a place that is stress free, a place people can go to connect to one another and disconnect from their busy lives. I think of a place where interaction is welcomed and relationships are formed. When designing Shepherd’s Brewery I plan on incorporating all those ideas and designing a place that encourages these acts. Brining your dog into your “third space” is a more common practice in today’s society, dogs are leaving backyards and traveling with their owners and serving more as companions then pets. There have been many studies proving that owning a dog is beneficial to ones wellbeing and has many positive effects. Being a dog lover myself, I find that owning a dog not only relaxes me, but encourages me to be more social in new environments, and promotes positives interactions between myself and others. In the Journal Article, The Health Benefits of Owning a Pet, Dr. Jean Martin states that “Children and adults alike can benefit from playing with and owning pets, which can be a good source of calmness and relaxation, as well as a source of stimulation for the brain and body.” This interaction would help facilitate the type of interactions and help to promote the environment I envision. Design alone is not enough to promote happiness, it’s the surrounding environment that helps to develop happy experiences and encounters. Due to the California Health Code, animals, (with the exception of service animals) may not enter...
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...Introduction Positive parent-child relationships provide the foundation for children’s learning. With parents’ sensitive, responsive, and predictable care, young children develop the skills they need to succeed in life. Early parent-child relationships have powerful effects on children’s emotional well-being (Dawson & Ashman, 2000), their basic coping and problem-solving abilities, and future capacity for relationships (Lerner & Castellino, 2002). Through these interactions, children learn skills they need to engage with others and to succeed in different environments (Rogoff, 2003). They learn how to manage their emotions and behaviors and establish healthy relationships with adults and peers. They also learn how to adjust to new situations and to resolve conflicts .When parents have warm, trusting, and reliable relationships with peers, family, community members, and service providers, they are more likely to have positive relationships with their children. To work toward the Parent, Family, Community and Environment: Positive Parent-Child Relationships Outcome, providers and programs can: provide emotional and concrete support to parents,1.respect diverse parenting styles, 2.value cultural differences and home languages, 3.reinforce the importance of fathers and other co-parents, 4.help parents connect with other parents and community members and resources, and model warm, responsive relationships by engaging in these relationships with parents and other family members ...
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...from the basket on the left side of her desk in the morning. The students that don’t do either of them within the set amount of time, must ask Ms. Smith about an extension or for their graded assignment if possible. Ms. Smith will let students appeal their grades if they think there is a grading mistake. In order to make a formal appeal, they must write 1-2 sentences explaining why they think there is a mistake. They need to have support and the original answer stapled to the back. To find out the effectiveness of Ms. Smith’s homework policy for my 4th grade students, we need to consider whether her policy establishes and maintains three critical points in classroom management and learning. The three critical points are 1.) positive social interaction between students, teachers, and parents, 2.) motivation, and 3.) active engagement. I discovered that Ms. Smith’s policy could go in either point but it depends on how she communicates with the students and parents. If she is as strict as she sounds in her written policy and how long it is, some students and parents might grow with resentment to Ms. Smith. The ones with literacy problems will have the hardest time understanding her policy unless she verbally explains it to them several times throughout the year. However, if her policy is used as a guide and she has a helpful and genuinely careful approach, then the policy she wrote would be considered as a best practice when incorporated into my 4th grade...
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...Assessment 1. What is the general perception of happiness in the nursing home? 2. What special programs are in place to create a sense of community and belonging? 3. Does the staff members appear happy with their jobs or do they view their job and the patients as burdens? 4. What is the access to transportation outside of the home? 5. Dose any of the staff have specific certifications or unique skills which make them more of an asset to the community? 6. How do one-on-one interactions occur? Are they all forced or do the residents feel comfortable with the staff and converse with them? 7. Does the staff generally take their time with their duties or do they focus on certain duties and let others fall by the wayside? 8. Is the dining experience unique for each individual resident or do they all get the same basic meal? 9. Is there alternative entertainment during dining such as television or background music? 10. Does the community promote interaction and events with the children and grandchildren of residents? Literature Review on Dining Experiences in Relation to General Feelings of Happiness “A comfortable old age is the reward of a well-spent youth. Instead of its bringing sad and melancholy prospects of decay, it would give us hopes of eternal youth in a better world.” This quote from the late French actor Maurice Chevalier describes the hopes that all people have as they get older. Sadly, not everyone has the comfortable old age that...
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...Velasquez PSY_40 Assignment #5 We are comparing the group that has the bullying prevention program and promotes being nice to your peers and the group that has no bullying intervention program. The first group is about preventing bullying in school settings and being nice to their peers. The second group has no bullying prevention program thus we compare them to each other to see how it differs from the first group. Our independent variable is the bullying prevention program and our dependent variable is the positive interaction reported in the schools. We will see how the bullying prevention program changes the attitude of the students to be nicer to one another. Our dependent variables data can be represented as ratio. The reason it is ratio is because the data can be measured, organized in order from least to greatest, and there could be a possibility of getting a data sample of zero. Our overall sample size is 61 and group one individually consists of 29 and group two individually consists of 32. We do have an outlier. The outlier is in the second group. We calculated the number 110 was two standard deviations above the mean. The way we did this is we calculate what two standard deviations above and blow the mean would be and compared it to the list of numbers we have for both groups. The mean for group one, the bullying prevention program that promotes being nice to your peers, is 83.79 and its standard deviation is 34.22. The mean for group two, the one with no...
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...homework to help reinforce what is being taught in the classroom while allowing for family time as well as accommodating the busy schedules many American’s face. Ms. Zalogwe has a zero-tolerance homework policy due to problems with students and homework in the past. She clearly lays out the policy at the beginning of the year and sends parents a handout so that they are also informed of her policies. It is important as a teacher to clearly explain to students as well as their parents exactly what is expected from them. I do believe a teacher should allow for some flexibility in their homework policies, while at the same time teaching self-motivation. Homework should reinforce what is being taught in the classroom and allow for positive social interaction. Homework should accommodate the varying learning levels found in the classroom. Ms.Zalogwe has a section of the blackboard devoted strictly to homework information, it includes details of what is to be done, when it is due, how many points it is worth, and any other important information about the assignment. She believes this is enough information for the students without having to spend any class time discussing this information. While Ms. Zalogwe is clearly lying...
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...NBT1 Classroom Management (1114) Task 1 Michael Huffman 000425912 20160316 A1. Positive Social Interaction Ms. Smith’s homework policy has some positive ideas within it in order to develop the students and parents social and interaction skills. For example by providing handouts for students to review and give to their parents allows the parents to get involved in the child’s education and provide guidance for them in regards to homework requirements. Also, by writing the assignments on the board it forces students to get into the classroom mindset prior to the beginning of class (Akalin, 2015). Furthermore by allowing students to appeal their homework grade after an assignment is completed lets them have a voice within the classroom and challenge the decisions of others when they feel as though they are correct. I hope to teach in the fifth grade and this type of policy would open a line of communication between myself and the students as well as between myself and the parents. A2. Self-Motivation This policy extensively promotes each student to take personal responsibility for their own completion of all assignments as well as encourages parents to get involved in their child’s educational requirements. Ms. Smith provides the guidance by issuing handouts as well as daily details on the whiteboard for the students to reference. After that, the students must ensure the homework is complete, turned in and picked up on time in order to obtain the proper grades for the assignments...
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...The terms “classroom management” and “discipline” are often used interchangeably (Bellon, Bellon, & Blank, 1992). However, too often the term “discipline” focuses attention only on misbehavior, ill deeds, and punishments. The term discipline has two significant limitations. First, discipline highlights the individual (rather than the classroom), and secondly, it connotes negative behavior. Hence, Classroom management is more appropriate term that is being used to highlight all those positive behaviors and decisions a teacher make to facilitate the learning process of their student. It refers to all those activities necessary to create and maintain an orderly learning environment. Classroom management is more than disciplining misbehaviors since it encompasses teacher’s obligations to promote student learning which reflects the shift from historical paradigm of obedience. In line with that, it promotes responsibility to students for self-guidance in a way that they themselves monitor their own behavior during their period in class. A teacher functions as an “authoritative parent” that also addresses violence, irresponsibility and family instability which are all considered as societal issues. This can all be avoided through proper ways of teaching and ways in which students would participate attentively as if they are enjoying while learning Psychology has been applied to develop management systems since it presents ideas about motivating student behavior. It also identifies...
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...Rough Draft: Decision Point 2 The INTASC Principles are a valuable guideline for teachers to follow. Not only do they show the competences a teacher must have, but they show what we must always be mindful of when conducting ourselves in the classroom, and any other school activities. As an aspiring Biology teacher, it’s important for me to be well versed in these principles, as I will be focusing on INTASC Principle 1, 2, and 5. INTASC Principle 1 focuses on Content Pedagogy. As stated by the Ball State University website, “The teacher understands the central concepts, tools of inquiry, and structures of the discipline(s) he or she teachers and can create learning experiences that make these aspects of subject matter meaningful for students. FL Version - Language teachers are proficient in the language they teach. They understand language as a system, how students learn a language, and how language and culture are linked. They are knowledgeable about the cultures of the people who speak the language. Using this knowledge, they create learning experiences that help students develop language proficiency and build cultural understanding.” What this means, is that the content I cover in the classroom must be meaningful to my students. I must be able to be competent in my subject area of science/biology. As a Biology teacher I need to make the content meaningful, which means that I must make subjects such as Evolution, Cell Respiration, etc. meaningful to them. There can be...
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... * Today was my first session with Rachel * Informed me she has a history of depression * Likes her new medication * Doesn’t like school much * Has a small group of friends * Spoke about home life * Asked about hobbies/interests/goals for future 10/30/2013: * Informed me she is going on a diet ( by choice) * Feels is in control of life for once * Wants people to look at her and not judge 11/21/2013: * Spoke about decision making today * Doesn’t feel confident about making her own decisions * Relies on other to do so even if it may not be best choice for herself * Has never made decisions about her life, but wants to become more active * Spoke about strategies she can use to promote for herself more * State her opinion, ask others for advice, take their advice into consideration and then make a decision based upon facts 12/4/2013: * Spoke about study skills and how to improve grades * Created schedule of day after school * Went through techniques she can use to ensure she has the correct homework written down * Talking to teachers at the end of the class to make sure the assignment is correctly written down * Came up with methods to help her while doing work * Taking notes during reading assignments, writing down questions that she gets stuck on during math, writing down information in Spanish she is unclear about * Agreed to try, but had little faith in these methods workds ...
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