...known as solidarity, the movement calls for a general strike. It is the biggest social protest in British Columbia. 2. Who supported the government and why? (K: /1) Many people from the private sector support the government, like business men. 3. Who was watching the action in British Columbia and why? (K: /1) The other government watched the action in British Columbia because people will start rioting if Bill Bennet wins. The Night of Long Knives 1. What was Trudeau's goal regarding the Constitution? (K: /1) Trudeau’s goal regarding the constitution was to bring home the Canadian Constitution. 2. Who was part of the Gang of Eight and what was their goal? (K: /1) The Gang of Eight has all premiers expect for Ontario and New Brunswick. Their goal was to force Trudeau to negotiate because they feared that they would lose provincial power. 3. What do the premiers fear regarding the Charter of Rights and Freedoms? (K: /1) The premiers fear that it would decreased their influence and...
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...CHARTERING AN AIRCRAFT * Charter aircraft business segments * Dangerous goods – definition / precautionary actions for air transport * Definition of AOG * Two issues that can affect the pricing of a charter * Basic Functions of the International Civil Aviation Organization * Glossary CHARTERING A VESSEL * Definition of chartered ship * Definition of affreightment * The Charter Party * Broker commissions * Know 3 of 5 case studies – the issue / the decision / the reasoning behind the decision: Granit S.A. -v- Benship Ehsa v Pohnpei Port Authority Auto Holdings Ltd v Silk & Boyd Ltd Ports Authority v Bounty Bay Moses v MV Sea Chase * List the 4 freight markets * BIMCO * Types of charters * Chartering terms: Both Ends Deadfreight Demurrage Free in and out Laydays Seaworthy Trim Supercargo Project Cargo * Definition of the term * Understanding of the pre-qualification notice * Understanding of an RFP * Technical proposal / Financial proposal * Describe a survey company * List and describe 3 principle activities of the survey company * List elements of value that survey companies provide to the seller / buyer / financial institution Transportation Law and Legal Liability * Definition of Common Law / Statutes * Constitution Act, 1867 * Constitution Act, 1982 * Definition of ‘Patriation’ * The Canadian Constitution: Federal and Provincial...
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...Ontario boy dies after complications from circumcision A one-week-old Ontario infant died from complications after undergoing a circumcision in a provincial hospital. The baby, whose name has been withheld by the parents, passed away after his kidneys became enlarged to seven times their normal size. The child was born at an unidentified Ontario hospital and the doctors said that he was born sometime in the last three years and the family wants to keep it anonymous. According to the Pediatric Child Health article, the boy was “bottle-fed” and was reported to be doing well when he was circumcised. Five hours later, the parents returned to their family doctor with the infant, who had become “irritable and had blue discoloration” below the belly button. Doctors noticed the discoloration and slight swelling of the penis, but sent the child home. Fourteen hours after the circumcision, according to the parents, the child was brought to another hospital where doctors noted he was extremely irritable with marked swelling of the penis and bruising to the scrotum. The child was then transferred to a pediatric centre, where his bladder was diagnosed, doctors said that it was even or eight times its normal size. “If the Plastic Bell had been taken off five hours after he got there, he would be alive,” said Doctors. The child’s death was attributed to septic shock — “an overwhelming infection, leading to multi-organ failure.” The case was brought to Cairns’ attention because the circumstances...
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...Sara Jones Sociology December 12, 2006 Abortion Abortion touches politics, but is not consumed by it. Abortion views, pro or con, generally consume the life of the individual holding them. Abortion as an issue of public debate is largely a twentieth-century phenomenon. But the debate began much earlier, not over abortion, but over how social issues would later be viewed. There is even argument over what the term abortion means. Abortion moved from a practice that occurred behind closed doors and only for a select portion of the population to a practice that virtually skyrocketed among the general populace, rich or poor. The pro-life side will contend that the term pro-choice is an altogether unfair designation. What their opponents really are, they will argue, is pro-abortion. On, the other hand, pro- choice proponents will likely argue the term pro-life is unfair, partisan description. Pro- choice advocates will argue that they are pro-life about the mother. Their opponents are “anti-choice” or “anti-reproductive rights.” Pro Life The ultimate pro-life goal is quite direct and very simple. Pro-lifers want an amended U.S. Constitution, to the Canadian Charter of Rights that will give equal protection law, to, to all living humans from the time their biologic life begins at conception. Pro-lifers have a goal and it is a Constitutional Amendment returning the right to make decisions about each individual state in the U...
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...The Canadian State: Institutions and Structures The Constitution is very import in the context of the canadian state however it is not without controversy. As there has been many significant changes to fundamental rights Operational Institutions Westminster Style Parliamentary Government: derives from the british parliament in Britain meaning that we have an adversarial government. This can be expressed in the parliamentary structure of the house of commons (adversarial and conflict). High expectations of accountability in the formal legalities. The government must retain the confidence of the house (budget proposals) -legislative process: see above -party discipline: is linked to the idea of confidence, it operates through out the system. The general expectation is that members will vote along party lines. Pros: Accountability meaning that you know who is power and responsible for certain parts of the government, higher level of efficiency, fiscal and budgetary concerns, Cons: Can not always vote according to beliefs and values, inefficiency Federalism: Important driver of politics within Canada. To what extent are the types of different conflicts between the different levels of conflicts. Another reason why federalism exists is due in large part to the question of Quebec and the allocation of powers between french canada and the rest of the country. The Canadian State: Sovereignty 1867: Constitution Act, 1867 (BNA) 1926: The King-Byng Thing 1926: Nadan...
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...endurable and desired for a qualified physician to end her life through technological means, at her liberty (Beaudoin, 2006). Her case argued that subsection 241 (b) of the Criminal Code, prohibiting assisted suicide, was constitutionally invalid in her case (Bauslaugh, 2013). In the end, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled 5-4 and stated that Rodriguez's submission did not violate the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom (Dovery, 2015). The majority of the judges believed that even though Rodriguez was in terrible pain, the idea of assisted suicide, morally and legally, may lead to abuse (Fine, 2015). The minority of judges argued that a physically able person can commit suicide, a non-criminal act, whereas a physically disabled person seeks assistance to commit the same act, yet it is a criminal act (Fine, 6). The case ignited much debate across Canada as the fact that, physically disabled people are discriminated to the fact that they do not have the ability to end their life. If assisted suicide were legal, patients who deeply desire to end their life would be acknowledged within the charter and follow the rules and regulations of the jurisdiction of Canada. In all,...
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...Case Study – Cybercrime International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy 1822 East Mall, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1 Tel: 1 (604) 822-9875 Fax: 1 (604) 822-9317 Email: icclr@law.ubc.ca www.icclr.law.ubc.ca Case Study – Cybercrime By Annemieke Holthuis Counsel Criminal Law Policy Section Department of Justice Canada Case Study prepared for Co-Teaching at the National Prosecutors College Beijing China November-December 2006 As part of the International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy (ICCLR) and GeoSpatial SALASAN Programme: The Canada China Procuratorate Reform Cooperation Project, supported by the Canadian International Development Agency 2 Case Study - Cybercrime Public concern about the incidence of child pornography on the Internet is increasing in British Columbia. The police decide to crack down and seek the help of members of the public and Internet Service providers like XYZ Corporation. Brian, a concerned citizen and the divorced father of a young girl, contacts police expressing concerns about his roommate Dwayne. Dwayne is always on the computer and he has no idea what Dwayne is doing. Dwayne’s door is always locked and Dwayne won’t let Brian borrow the computer, even to send a quick e-mail. Lately, Dwayne acts more strangely than ever. Brian said that he didn’t know what it is but he’s no longer comfortable bringing his daughter home when Dwayne was there. Brian mentions...
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...Macchiavelli; the end justify the means. Illegal but Ethical Marijuana is an illegal narcotic; Marijuana is no longer frowned upon; Legal but Unethical Abortion; - Ban on abortion overturned by the Supreme Court; No law on the books today; Abortion is only regulated by ethical considerations; Doctors may refuse abortions for religious or conscientious reasons; British Columbia may pass a law to forbid it; Article 6, CIVIL CODE A codification of the basic principle of ethics; We must act in good faith in our relationships: i.e. contracts; Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP lawsuit) Business Ethics How should managers and employees act in the business environment? Are ethics enough incentive? Business Ethics: Pros Expectations of society create pressures; Social problems...
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...HOLLOW AVOWALS OF HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION – TIME FOR AN AUSTRALIAN FEDERAL BILL OF RIGHTS? JULIE CASSIDY* Unlike the constitutions of many nations, such as the United States of America and the Republic of South Africa, the constitutions of the Australian States and Territories and the Commonwealth Constitution Act 1901 (UK) contain no bill of rights. Australia is the only western democracy without a federal bill of rights. The debate regarding the need for a bill of rights necessitates an understanding of what human rights the people of Australia already enjoy. If sufficient protection can be found in existing sources, does Australia really need a federal bill of rights? Opponents of a bill of rights state that we have sufficient protection from arbitrary government intervention in our personal affairs and thus a bill of rights is unnecessary. There are a number of potential sources of human rights in Australia that might provide the suggested existing protection, including the common law, specific domestic legislation, international law and constitutional law. Each of these sources of human rights has, however, important limitations. The focus of this article is on the inadequacy of the Australian constitutions as a source of purported protection. This in turn suggests that an alternative source of rights is needed – a federal bill of rights? In the course of this analysis the author makes suggestions for reform; specifically how a federal bill of rights may address the paucity...
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...Canadian International Council Strengthening the Non-Proliferation Regime: The Role of Coercive Sanctions Author(s): T. V. Paul Source: International Journal, Vol. 51, No. 3, Nuclear Politics (Summer, 1996), pp. 440-465 Published by: Canadian International Council Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40203123 Accessed: 30/11/2010 19:58 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=cic. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Canadian International Councilis collaborating...
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...THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ORDER Controversiae (disputes) is the first word in book I of Hugo Grotius’ foundational text De Jure Belli ac Pacis(The Law of War and Peace, 1625). Much modern scholarship in international law has followed this strand of Grotius’ thought in orienting the subject to the problem of managing disputes. Since the late nineteenth century, generations of leading scholar-practitioners have shaped a view of international law which emphasizes legal doctrines and materials related to disputes: the specific rules one party to a dispute may invoke against another, the sources (e.g. treaty, custom) to which an international court will look to identify international law rules, the general principles (e.g. acquiescence, abuse of rights) that international courts have borrowed from national legal systems to help deal with international cases, the foundational principles of international law (e.g. state responsibility) enunciated by courts, the precedential implications of a specific decision or a specific settlement agreement. This focus owes much to the sociological model of the successful international lawyer as it developed in the English and French traditions of international law over the past century: that of the academically respected practitioner, primarily the world–wise professor-counsel or the erudite lawyer–civil servant, whose career involved both scholarship and representing litigants in the management of disputes, and might eventually culminate in becoming...
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...Business in Canada Doing Business in Canada is designed to give business executives, counsel and potential investors from foreign countries a concise overview of Canada’s legal and economic framework and key business legislation. For those looking to pursue business opportunities in Canada, this guide outlines several unique aspects of doing business in Canada, including French language requirements in the province of Québec as well as overlapping regulatory jurisdiction among various levels of government in certain areas of the law. With few exceptions, the same considerations apply to Canadians who live, work and conduct business in Canada. Despite the ongoing harmonization of many areas of Canadian business law with those of our major trading partners through international agreements, addressing distinctly Canadian business law requirements is a crucial consideration when entering the Canadian marketplace. Each chapter is designed to assist you with an overview of that particular subject and the laws most likely to affect your business decisions. Beginning with an introduction to Canada’s legal system as it applies to businesses, the guide includes an introduction to Canada’s tax system, the pensions and retirement savings landscape in Canada, foreign investment considerations, competition law, and details on doing business in Québec, to name a few topics. Doing Business in Canada does not contain a full analysis of the law. This guide provides general information only and does...
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...Wellness: the new health goal • Generations of people have viewed health simply as the absence of disease • Health – typically refers to the overall condition of a person’s body or mind and to the presence or absence of illness or injury • Wellness – beyond the simple presence or absence of disease, wellness refers to optimal health and vitality – to living life to its fullest • There are two differences between health and wellness: o Health – or some aspects of it – can be determined or influenced by factors beyond your control, such as your genes, age and family history (for example, family history of heart disease or cancer) o Wellness is largely determined by the decisions you make about how you live. For example, eating sensibly, exercising and having regular screening tests. Enhanced wellness, therefore, involves making conscious decisions to control risk factors that contribute to disease or injury. (age and family history are risk factors that cannot be controlled. Behaviours such as smoking, exercising and eating healthy are factors you can control) The dimensions of wellness • Experts have defined six dimensions of wellness: o Physical o Emotional o Intellectual o Interpersonal o Spiritual o Environmental • These dimensions are interrelated; each has an effect on the others • The process of achieving wellness is constant and dynamic, involving change and growth • Wellness is not static; ignoring any dimension of wellness can have harmful...
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...comparable to those offered by its competitors * Employee motivation and mobilization: compensation must be motivating in order to encourage performance and loyalty Manager’s Role: * To understand compensation principles * To possess adequate knowledge of the positions managed * To ensure equity, an important factor in compensation decisions Objectives of compensation * As a major HR tool, compensation aims: * To attract * To motivate * To retain employees Building a compensation Program Legal Context Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms Pay Equity Act to correct salary differences caused by systemic discrimination Pay Equity Act to correct salary differences caused by systemic discrimination Labour standards act Labour standards act Labour standards act Labour standards act * Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom Employee A<-> Equal salary for equal or equivalent work <-> employee B * Pay equity Act (for organizations with more than 50 employees) Employee with job position predominantly held by women (at least 60% of jobholders are women) <-> equal salary for equivalent work <->employee with job position predominately held by men (at least 60% of jobholders are men) Types of equity Quality of work climate depends on several factors that often have a little to do with compensation. *...
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...Academic year: 2013-2014 Degree on Management International Negotiation “The Bretton Woods Agreement [1944]” Luís Leite Teacher in Charge: Carmen Amado Mendes Index: “The Bretton Woods Agreement [1944]”........................................... 0 Luís Leite ............................................................................................ 0 1. Introduction ................................................................................ 2 2. Pre-Negotiation ........................................................................... 4 3. Negotiation before the final conference ................................... 11 4. Negotiation: The Bretton Woods Conference ........................... 15 5. Conclusion: Later changes and full analysis ............................. 19 6. Primary Sources and Bibliography ............................................ 22 7. Annexes: .................................................................................... 26 FEUC – Negociação Internacional – 2013-14 1 1. Introduction The United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference that occurred from the 1st of July to the 22nd in 1944 better known as the Bretton Woods conference gave origin to a ground-breaking system. It was the first time a fully negotiated monetary order came to existence which a new paradigm perspective on how to face economical international relations. This essay will help you understand why the Bretton Woods system happened, its historical context...
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