...Individual Life Span Perspective Paper Tressa L. Thompson University of Phoenix Psy/375- Life Span Human development Professor Deborah Wilkerson 04/16/2012 Life Span Human Development Introduction All living organisms possess a life span, this is not a process exclusive to humans only; the development of this life span includes life, decline, dying and death. There are several theories of life span development; however this paper will focus on and summarize just two of those theories, as well as shed some light on how heredity and the environment interact to produce individual differences in development. The hope is that the readers of this paper gain some knowledge of the human life span perspective and the human development that is a result of said perspectives. Life-Span Perspectives Biological, sociocultural and individual influences make up the basic foundation of life-span perspectives, these concepts continues to develop throughout most of human life. However, that development at some point over time begins to decline due to aging and decay leading us all to death; regardless of our individual, hereditary and environmental differences it is this process that is a constant in human life. All of these things combined are equally important to the human experience of life expectancy, and also the fulfillment of life as we know it and live it. Two Theories of Life Span Development Although, there are several life span development theories such as Cognitive...
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...Lifespan Perspective Paper PSY/375 July 1, 2013 Life Span Perspective Humans are in a constant state of development. It begins when our cells start to divide while in the womb and continues until the last breath a person takes. A human beings development is special because not only are humans going through constant physical changes, but also they go through psychological, cognitive, and biological throughout a life span as well. Life span development involves all of the changes that a person goes through while in the different stages of life. Each stage is very important for the next stage and is responsible for a person’s ability to learn, communicate, love and even create new life. Life Span Perspective of development The life span perspective of development is that a person is changing throughout their lives. That means that from conception to death a person is developing to different stages of life. According to Bornstein and lamb “developmental study is a science that seeks to understand the changes that occur as people age” (as cited in Berger, 2011, p.5). A life span development has three different domains cognitive, biological, and social. The Biological developmental domain deals with the physical and genetic changes such as height and weight fluctuation, also the changes that occur when an individual goes through physical changes that occur naturally, these are all changes that are known within the biological development, added to physical...
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...Life Span Perspective Malisa Morris PSY/375 October 2, 2013 Mr. Amanze Ihedioha Life Span Perspective Life Span Development is a concept of understanding why people grow and change over a period of time. Human Development begins at birth and throughout all of life. People of all ages, all over creation, change at some point and time. Scientifically, the human body is designed to experience change. Human growth development has several perspectives and characteristics to explain lifespan. The following essay will explore five developmental perspectives and explore two theories of life span development. These perspectives include; Multidirectional, Multicontextual, Multicultural, Multidisciplinary, and Plasticity lifespan development. Explanations will also explain how heredity and the environment interact to produce individual differences in human development. Life Span Perspective Developing human beings of every age, culture, and experiences demonstrate to us what is widespread as well as what is distinctive. Some periods of life are life-threatening and complex at times, yet the interaction between the environment and family is always evident. Differences among people are not essentially necessary, although some people mistakenly assume that their own path is best for everyone. Change is ongoing, and dynamic throughout the entire life span. Life span development occurs in several directions. These perceptions are Multidirectional, Multicontextual, Multicultural, Multidisciplinary...
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...Life Spain Perspective Paper Teresa Haumschild PSY/375 August 12, 2013 Kay Rubin, MA Life Spain Perspective Paper When it comes to life span development you have to understand what it is and where it comes from or even how it got its name. As it was said by Boyd and Bee that life span development is the name that psychologists have given to the physical and cognitive changes that occur throughout a person’s life (Boyd & Bee, 2009). So I will be first explaining the life span of development, along with summarizing two different theories of life span development, and then the last one is just explaining how heredity and the environment interact to produce individual difference in the development. So what is life span development it is the study of which human development is the changes that do occur within each different period of one’s development and along with the changes they must be interpreted into terms in which the culture and the context do a occur. So it truly beings with conception and birth, because it has stages just like the transition stage that one goes through from childhood to adulthood. With this perspective it has the very same level of important to a person’s changes that lead into adulthood, in which had been just focused on changes in ones childhood instead. It can even be characterized in different things such as interdisciplinary research, multi contextual along with just emphasis on plasticity as well. The two theories that I have chosen...
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...Life Span Perspective Babette Marcia Harwell- Taylor PSY/375 January 14, 2013 Shaun-Katherine Robles Life Span Perspective Life span development is the physical and cognitive changes that occur throughout a person’s life. A life span perspective is an approach to the study of human development that takes into account all phases of life, not just childhood or adulthood (Berger, 2011). This paper will discuss the life span perspective of development, summarize two theories of life span development and give explanation to how heredity (nature) and the environment (nurture) interact to produce individual differences in development. The life span perspective encircles the length of a person’s span of life. It then considers the wide range of conditions while making observations along the way. It is depended upon observing and experimenting. The life span perspective views human development in five characteristics: multidirectional, multi-contextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary, and plastic (Berger, 2011). The multidirectional characteristic is the multiple ways in which human characteristics change over time – increasing, decreasing, or holding steady; in a line (linear), a curve (curvilinear), or up and down (zigzag) (Berger, 2011). The multidirectional characteristic enables researchers to recognize that gains and losses often occur simultaneously. According to Berger, every change – going to college, getting married or divorced, moving to another location,...
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...Life Span Perspective Dennis L. Bentley Life Span Human Development- PSY/375 November 7, 2011 Professor Deborah Wilkerson M.A., ABD What is the life span perspective of development? And what do heredity and environment have to do with a persons’ development? These are two questions that shall be answered by this paper along with a summary of the two theories of life span development. This paper will utilize the internet and the library of the University of Phoenix to assist in the answering of these questions. A very through and complete paper is not possible given the restraints, however every effort will be made to achieve the papers’ intention. To begin with the life span development perspective can be defined by Erickson eight stages or the different thoughts brought about by Behavioral, Cognitive, Epigenetic, or Sociocultural theorist. Whatever the school the basics are the same 1) we never stop learning, 2) development begins at birth, and 3), it does not end until death. As Santrock (1999) put it as "some aspects of development increase while others decrease". This is seen as plastic meaning that there is a certain elasticity that occurs in response to the different environmental demands that one might have during life. Like wise there are three domains that key in this perspective they are physical, cognitive, and social. In the physical, height, weight, and shape changes are the ingredients of what a person sees...
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...Life Span Perspective Paper PSY/375 October 15, 2013 Dr. Cynthia Jenkins We all start out as babies coming into the world knowing nothing about our lives or where our lives will take us. This paper will explain the life span perspective of development and summarize two theories of life span development. As humans we have the genetics and heredity issues that can contribute to our development in our life span. Then there is the environment we live in that can produce individual differences in development. Let’s first take a look at the life span perspective of development. To understand the life span perspective you must first know what it means. The life span perspective is an approach to the study of human development that takes into account all phase of life, not just childhood and adulthood (Berger, 2011). Human development can be viewed in five characteristics 1. Multidirectional- when life takes a turn such as divorce. The next direction in life is to adapt to the new single life that may now include children. 2. Multicontextual- would consist of your surrounding that is changing such as family and friends, school, workplace, and the world of politics, and economics. 3. Multicultural-consists of being exposed to the different cultures in life. This could be living in a neighborhood, members of an ethic group, and even students in college who are all coming from different cultures but trying to create a classroom environment. 4. Multidisciplinary-a...
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...Life Span Perspective Paper SGJ PSY/375 May 28, 2012 Life Span Perspective Paper Lifespan perspective is obtaining the knowledge of changes that occurs during human development. Development begins at the moment conception has started in the mother’s womb to death. According to Smith “The first and obvious element is change - that development involves movement from one state to another. Lifespan is simple the different stages that humans go through as their life develop over the years. The perspective of lifespan is understanding the changes that occurs in the different stages of development. There are five characteristics of development. They are: 1. Multidirectional (changes occur in all and a straight line) 2. Multicultural (cultural differences have an affect even intercontinental) 3. Multicontextual (life is affected by many context including family, history, and environment) 4. Multidisciplinary (scientific disciplines including psychology, biology, and education) 5. Plastic (an individual traits can be altered at any point in development) As I have stated lifespan is from the time of conception to death of a person development and growth. The perspective is in relationship to humans development is a lifelong changing experience. The theories of lifespan development can be viewed in Freud, and Piaget study on the subject. With Freud and Piaget influences of a person life is nature and nurture. A person’s lifespan began as a fetus, which develops...
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...Life Span Perspective Essay Mary "Beth" Walker PSY/375 October 28, 2014 Erica Yahya Life Span Perspective Essay Changes are always occurring in the development of an individual's life, from the day an individual is conceived to the day that the individual passes away. This essay will describe the physical and cognitive changes in the field of psychology that is called "Lifespan Development." This essay will also describe some of the theories involved in the field and how heredity and environment shape an individual. Each and every person goes through several stages, starting with infancy, childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle age, older age and then eventually death. The infancy stage, is the birth to two years old and is crucial stage for the development of relationships with others. The infant is totally dependent on an adult and learns that the world surrounding them is a safe place; this is the stage when bonding occurs. The childhood stage is two through ten years old. There are numerous changes in this stage; the child becomes less dependent on the adults in their life and gains more self-control of their physical and cognitive abilities. From the age of ten to twenty years old the individual is in adolescence, the adolescent is developing their identity and the thought process is more complex and logical. The early adulthood stage is from the age of twenty to forty years of age. In this stage the person is gaining financial independence, working in...
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...Life Span Perspective Paper PSY/375 Shamous Jordan 10/14/2013 Heather Harrison, Ph.D. Historically, the philosophy of human development has stemmed from the Biblical understanding of original sin, Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s intimations of innate goodness, and John Locke’s postulation that we are born with a psychological blank slate (Boyd & Bee, 2006). However, in the 19th century the study of human development was given legs to its already well-defined frame in the form of the theory of evolution, as put forth by Charles Darwin. With the idea of evolutionary stages in place, G. Stanley Hall of Clark University was able to formulate his theory of norms, which hypothesize that human development can be segregated into identifiable phases, and Arnold Gesell was able to suggest his theory of maturation, which was largely dependent on genetic predisposition. From these beginnings the lifespan development perspective of human psychology has been largely concerned with the physiological, psychological, cultural, genetic, and environmental context of individual human development from conception to old age (Baltes & Staudinger, 1999; Boyd & Bee, 2006). Moreover, the lifespan perspective (LSP) of development can be put into context through the models of both human development domains and developmental periods, the major characteristics of LSP, and the contemporary concerns about LSP. LSP is concerned with three separate, but principally overlapping, domains of human...
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...Late Adulthood and End of life PSY/375 Late Adulthood and End of Life There are numerous changes that take place during different stages of development from a child to an adolescent and beyond to adult. Changes in development in late adulthood are not as progressed as in the earlier stages of life (Preisser, 1997). Developmental stages in one’s life are an important part of the journey of life. Discussion on the end of one’s life is not a pleasant one, but it is something that everyone has to go through when it is the end of one’s life span and developmental process. Psychologist Erikson, expressed that the stages of life is a journey and when one reaches late adulthood, he or she comes to terms that his or her life path is at its end (Preisser, 1997). Erikson expressed that when one reaches late adulthood to accept his or her life and look at life in a positive manner. Integrity not despair is this stage of development according to Erikson. When an individual has a sense of integrity he or she is fully accepting his or her self, accomplishments, and can come to terms with mortality (Preisser, 1997). Once an individual can accept responsibility for what he or she achieved in life and undo any negative feelings on what his or her life portrayed this is the essential part of life. There are some individuals who have skepticism or misery over what he or she accomplished or did not accomplish in his or her life, and his is a result of thoughts of despair. When...
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...Infant & Early Childhood Development Helene M. Taulbee PSY/375 February 7, 2013 Janice Munn Infant & Early Childhood Development Family plays one of the most important roles in the development of an individual from birth and continuing through adulthood. The family unit is the core network that interacts with an individual from the time he or she takes their first breath. This network provides the building blocks upon which the infant will develop relationships, and grow physically, mentally, and emotionally. One of the very first developmental markers for an infant is attachment. This is an emotional tie to particular people that usually spans across the individual’s life, regardless of time and space. The infant’s parents or caregivers usually form the first attachment with the baby. This emotional bond plays an important part in how well the individual develops relationships in the future. If it is a strong, warm, nurturing bond, the individual will most likely feel secure within themselves. If it is a bond that causes the individual to feel insecure, there is a good chance the individual will grow up with low self-esteem and a struggling self-confidence (Berger, 2011). Another area of development that is largely impacted by the family is language. Parents, grandparents, and siblings all have a part in the development of a child’s language. The infant hears many words and sounds expressed by family members long before he or she can actually begin...
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...Late Adulthood and End of Life Verna Gillespie PSY/375 January 22, 2012 Dr. Lynn Seiser Late Adulthood and End of Life Life is a series of continuous ebbs and flows. Life span development goes through the cycles and stages of infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, early or emerging adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood; it is the definitive culmination to the end of life (Berger, 2008). Descending toward the end of life in late adulthood can be despairing, but it does not have to be if one has psychologically prepared for and has accepted that death is inevitable. Senescence, primary aging and secondary aging each take place at this stage, but perspective, quality, and joy of life is still relevant. Eric Erickson, psychologist, defines the late adulthood stage—ages 55 or 65 to death, basically as adults assessing what their lives have cultivated throughout its development. Erickson’s theory of the final stage of development sequence is “integrity versus despair” (Berger, 2008). According to Berger, Erickson proposes in this eighth stage that the two opposing forces reference: Life brings many, quite realistic reasons for experiencing despair: aspects of the present that causes unremitting pain; aspects of a future that are uncertain and frightening. And, of course, there remains inescapable death, that one aspect of the future which is both wholly certain and wholly unknowable. Thus, some despair must be acknowledged and integrated as a component...
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...Suite 100 Chattanooga, TN 37402 Belhaven University 7111 South Crest Parkway Southaven, MS 38671 Belhaven University – LeFleur 4780 I-55 North Suite 125 Jackson, MS 39211 Belhaven University 15115 Park Row Suite 175 Houston, TX 77084 Belhaven University Online 1500 Peachtree St. Box 279 Jackson, MS 39202 Belhaven University 1790 Kirby Parkway Suite 100 Memphis, TN 38138 Belhaven University 4151 Ashford Dunwoody Rd. Suite 130 Atlanta, GA 30319 Belhaven University 5200 Vineland Rd. Suite 100 Orlando, FL 32811 Traditional Admission Adult and Graduate Studies Admission – Jackson Atlanta Chattanooga Desoto Houston Memphis Orlando Alumni Relations/Development Belhaven Fax Business Office Campus Operations Integrated Marketing Registrar Student Life Security Student Financial Planning Student Development Online Admission Online Student Services (601) 968-5940 or (800) 960-5940 (601) 968-5988 or Fax (601) 352-7640 (404) 425-5590 or Fax (404) 425-5869 (423) 265-7784 or Fax (423) 265-2703 (622) 469-5387 (281) 579-9977 or Fax (281) 579-0275 (901) 896-0184 or Fax (901) 888-0771 (407) 804-1424 or Fax (407) 367-3333 (601) 968-5980 (601) 968-9998 (601) 968-5901 (601) 968-5904 (601) 968-5930 (601) 968-5922 (601) 968-5969 (601) 968-5900 (601) 968-5933 (601) 968-5932 (601) 965-7043 (601) 968-8947 Website http://www.belhaven.edu http://atlanta.belhaven.edu http://chattanooga.belhaven.edu http://houston.belhaven.edu http://jackson.belhaven.edu http://memphis.belhaven.edu http://orlando.belhaven...
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...I, FELICITY AKPENE AKAGAH, declare that this thesis, with the exception of quotations and references contained in published works which have all been identified and acknowledged, is entirely my own original work, and it has not been submitted, either in part or whole for another degree elsewhere. Candidate’s Signature…………………....... Date………………………… SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION I, hereby declare that the preparation and presentation of this thesis was supervised in accordance with the guidelines and supervision of thesis laid down by the University of Education, Winneba. Supervisor’s Name: Dr. S. Asare-Amoah Signature……………………………… Date………………………….. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT My special thanks go to God almighty, the giver of life for His love and mercy upon my life. I want to appreciate Dr. Pauline B. Eddet and Professor J.K. Talabi, who took their time to supervise and guide me throughout the initial stage of this research. God richly bless you. I wish to thank the Head of Department (Professor J.K. Abooagye) and staff of the Department of Psychology and Education for imparting into me a great knowledge. I say thank you...
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