...1. Provide an outline of the key perspectives of the employment relationship that inform our understanding of HRM. Workshop Tutor: Andrew Burnett Table of content Introduction 3 How can HRM be understood? 4 What is employment relationship? 4 Elements of employment relationship 4 What is individual contract of employment and how it works? 5 Duties of employer and employees 6 What is psychological contract? 6 Socio-political dimension of the employment relationship 8 Conclusions 9 References 10 Introduction What will be covered in this essay? This essay will reflect on what is employment relationship in HRM. What is the purpose in applying of HRM practices, why it is so important to manage people, their performance and expectations. How we can “ensure that individual have the ability, motivation and opportunity to perform effectively” (Wilton, 2013). This course-work will look closer what is an employment relationship, how it affects individuals in the workplace and company in total. It will also cover the elements of employment relationship, terms and conditions that affect both employer and employee, what are duties both parties need to comply. It will be explained what is contract of employment and psychological contract and why it affect individual attitude. After that, the three key perspectives are outlined on employment that are unitarism, pluralism and radical(Marxist). Each approach to employment relationships is different in the ideology...
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...MOTIVATION AND JOB SATISFACTION Motivation and Job Satisfaction Introduction This paper is going to look at motivation in corporations, and its necessity to company managers within organizations. To begin with, it is essential to note that employee motivation is one of the most essential aspects that every manager within an organization should address and look at. Staff motivation, as it will be seen in this paper from a detailed perspective, is of great necessity to company managers because it is one of the strongest agents that the corporation banks on to achieve its goals and objectives. At the same time, motivation is necessary in order to develop the employees’ capabilities, skill, expertise, experience and intellectual capital at large (Deci, 1971). This is only achievable if the employees are highly motivated by the corporation managers and the concerned parties such as the human resource department. This is one of the areas that this paper will critically address. Employees’ satisfaction is one of the most essential elements and propellers of motivation at work. This paper will look at job satisfaction and its relation to employee motivation from a critical perspective (Rugman, 2002). In order to achieve this, several models will be analyzed and looked at, considering that they are some of the factors that will assist in understanding employees’ motivation and job satisfaction. The aim of this paper, therefore...
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...------------------------------------------------- Wiley (2012:2) identifies employee engagement as: 'The extent to which employees are motivated to contribute to organisational success, and are willing to apply discretionary effort to accomplishing tasks important to the achievement of organisational goals'. In contrast to this Swarnalatha and Prasanna (2013:52) claim that: 'Employee Engagement is a measurable degree of an employee's positive or negative emotional attachment to their job, colleagues and organisation that profoundly influences their willingness to learn and perform is at work'. This description opposes that engagement is distinctively diverse from employee motivation, organisational culture and employee satisfaction. The reality is that there is no one agreed definition of employee engagement as there are over 50 definitions that all have variations between them. Although recent reviews by researchers show that there is a similarity in the key components of the varied definitions, these common components that are acknowledged include employee association with organisational goals and a compliance to exert discretionary effort, commitment, enthusiasm for work and organisational pride (Schneider et al, 2009). In the recent years there has become a gradual interest in employee engagement. Firstly the reasons for this is the correlation with organisational performance. By improving employee engagement it can beneficial to companies in order to improves its organisational...
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...and future of Employee Engagement We live in a world where businesses are becoming increasingly complex. The epochal shift from the industrial to the information age is providing a very important challenge for humanity and the organisations that represent it. Furthermore, with the complexity of today’s business comes the complexity of efficiently managing the people that, united, represent the organisations humans depend on. In fact, successful employee management involves obtaining high performance from each employee, and therefore high engagement with the organisation. This introduces us to the notion of employee engagement. Delving into the origins of this notion, it became famous in 1990 when William Kahn provided the first formal definition of employee engagement. In his book titled “Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work,” he defines employee engagement as “the harnessing of organisation members' selves to their work roles; in engagement, people employ and express themselves physically, cognitively, and emotionally during role performances”. As we can see in this definition, employee engagement is distinct from job satisfaction or commitment. In fact, employee engagement involves levels of effort and performance that surpass typical expectations. It is the intention of this essay to discuss the understanding of this notion as well as the strategies organisations can use in order to increase the level of employee engagement. In order to...
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...towers, which total to 730 rooms, which is situated along the beach front. There are a variety of amenities such as: a spa, slot machines casino, four specialty restaurants, two grills, a main buffet dining area, seven bars (including a swim up bar), lavish pools with Jacuzzis and water slides, conference rooms that holds 2500 persons, banquet facilities, business center, private beach, tennis courts, gym and a night club. The majority of Sunset Jamaica Grande guests are from North America and Europe, which clearly identifies the hotel’s peak season to be in the winter. While training at SJG as a trainee manager in food and beverage, I have realized a breakdown in relationship development, employee feedback, employee motivation, poor accountability, employee recognition, and employee freedom and respect. The hotel went from having over 600 employees to a little over 300 within the one-year span that I have been there, as well as, guests’ occupancy drops from 100 percent to 60/80 percent within its peak season. A variety of marketing strategies were implemented to enhance the organization’s structure, without realizing that the real issues were the organization’s behaviors. Based on my observation and reviewing of monthly and quarterly reports from the human resource department, those occurrences were due to the abusing of authority, lack of respect for staff, and poor communication. There was a time when the food and beverage department was under-staffed, due to frequent...
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...Employee engagement means the commitment and involvement of an individual towards their organisation. Every employee of the organisation should be aware of business context and also work with colleagues to improve their performance within the organisation. The organization must work to develop and nurture engagement, which requires a two-way relationship between employer and employee. According to HR practitioners the engagement mainly deals with how the employee feels about the working environment and how the employee is treated within the organisation. It focuses on the employee emotion to achieve success in a company. But some employees never give their level best even after working hard. HR and line managers try to engage them. But most...
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...Industry Example: The Taj Group 16 Industry Example: NTPC 17 Pros & Cons 18 Conclusion 19 References 20 Executive Summary This project is based on finding the rationale behind the development of HR Scorecard and the reasons behind its successful implementation in companies worldwide. HR Scorecard is a tool used by the organization to match HR deliverables with the strategic aspect of the business. It provides a platform to measure HR performance and efficiency and how it can be molded to adapt to the ever-changing strategies of the company. First the strategy of the business is identified and the basis of that, KPIs of HR Scorecard is designed. Implementation of HR Scorecard involves complete acceptance of the system by the employee as well as the employer. Also it requires the development of a flexible system, which can be revised and reformed according to different scenarios. Overall Performance of Company The Company’s capacity to implement strategy Strategically Focused Employees Performance Measurement System HR Strategic Alignment Knowledge Management System HR Scorecard helps to highlight the role of the HR as that of the Strategic Business Partner. HR department can contribute in the strategy by becoming cost effective and creating added value for the company. HR’s emerging strategic potential is very efficiently gauged with the help of HR Scorecard. Many Indian companies like NTPC, The Taj Group have adopted and implemented HR Scorecard, which...
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...Thursday 3rd November 2011 Suppose you were asked to investigate how to raise employee engagement in an organisation as an instrument for facilitating high level business objectives. Prepare a report outlining how you would carry out this research and justifying the approach you would take. Your report should include:- *your research aims and objectives-these should be written in M level language using bullet points. The research aims should be written using phrases such as ‘to critically review’, ‘to analyse’, ‘to investigate’, etc. *a brief critical review of the key academic sources you would use, outlining the main issues raised by these sources and how they support your aims and objectives. Do not just describe the literature! *an explanation of, and justification for, the research methodology you would use. In particular, what primary data would you want to collect and how would you collect this data? *an explanation of the methods of data analysis you would use. *an outline of any ethical issues involved. *an outline of the limitations to your research. There is NO requirement to collect primary data for this assignment. Do not collect or analyse primary data. DO outline what primary data you would need and how you would collect this data. Harter, J.K., Schmidt, F.L. and Hayes, T.L. (2002) ‘Business-unit level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: a meta- analysis’, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 87...
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...OUTCOME OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT Due to developments in sciences, organisations are making optimum use of the latest technologies to increase their output. This requires a large number of highly skilled and informed workers to perform their tasks in high technological environment. This knowledge workforce demands requisite status and independence in their fields which poses great problems to the managers as the skilled workers cannot be handled easily. To overcome this problem, in the last quarter of the twentieth century, focus of the employers has shifted towards employee engagement. The employers believe that their business output and performance can be increased through skillful use of employees (Markos & Sridevi 2010). Now the concept of the employee engagement is emerging and research is also making a good pace to define its true meanings (Macey & Schneider 2008) as the businesses and associated firms have increased their concern towards the employee engagement. Enough theoretical research has not been carried out in this field (Robinson, Perryman & Hayday 2004) and little information is available on its precursors and outcomes. On the other hand, some effort has been put up by practitioners to explain the concept of the employee engagement (Saks 2006). If we view its meanings from various researchers, we come across a variety of definitions (Swarnalatha & Prasanna 2013). Narrative of the employee engagement may also vary according to the contender undertaking...
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...Employee satisfaction and engagement City College Employee satisfaction and engagement Introduction “The game of basketball has been everything to me. My place of refuge, place I've always gone where I needed comfort and peace. It's been the site of intense pain and the most intense feelings of joy and satisfaction. It's a relationship that has evolved over time, given me the greatest respect and love for the game.” Michael Jordan The most important asset of an organization is not the building, the equipment, the offices around the world, nor the beautiful desk on the presidential office. The most important asset in any organization is the EMPLOYEE base. The employees are tangible assets that organizations need to invest time and money in because without them the organization does not go anywhere. In order to appreciate the most important asset the organization has to meet two important requirements, employee satisfaction and engagement. When I talk about satisfaction I mean the fulfillment of employee’s wishes, expectations, and personal needs. The engagement portion occurs when the employee is fully involved in, and enthusiastic about, his or her work. But how can the organization achieve these important goals? They need to transform the organization from a place of dissatisfaction and disengagement into a place of opportunity whereby the employee feels there is peace, comfort, joy and long-lasting relationships. A leader of an organization...
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...WPS05 Employee Engagement SIES College of Management Studies Working Paper Series The Working Paper Series would attempt to disseminate the findings of research in specific areas and also to facilitate discussions and sharing of perspectives and information about the identified areas. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The views, findings, and interpretations expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not represent the views of SIESCOMS and its management. These working papers would be available online at www.siescoms.edu. No part of the paper can be reproduced in any form without the prior permission of the author. However, they can be quoted by citing the reference. 1 Working Paper 05/07 Employee Engagement Nitin Vazirani Dean in OB and HR SIES College of Management Studies Nerul nitin@siescoms.edu Abstract Employee engagement is the level of commitment and involvement an employee has towards their organization and its values. An engaged employee is aware of business context, and works with colleagues to improve performance within the job for the benefit of the organization. It is a positive attitude held by the employees towards the organization and its values. The paper focuses on how employee engagement is an antecedent of job involvement and what should company do to make the employees engaged. The paper also looks at the Gallup 12 point questionnaire, twelve-question survey that identifies...
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...business leaders have a firm understanding of all aspects that contribute to organizational effectiveness; this includes an understanding of how individual differences contribute to this. This paper considers how organizational effectiveness can be enhanced by organizations having a thorough understanding of individual (employee) differences and how these differences affect the contribution of the individual on the business. Additionally this paper considers how organizations may exploit this knowledge and gives consideration to the most significant barrier to such exploitation. 2. Organizational Effectiveness All organizations strive to be effective and much effort is expended in achieving and measuring organization effectiveness. Whilst the definition of ‘organization’ does not necessarily have to relate to a business or company in every instance, for the purpose of this paper the term will relate to a ‘business organization’ and therefore organizational effectiveness will relate to achievement of organizational goals or business objectives. “From the perspective of an employee, the extent to which an organization can provide satisfaction of the needs associated with the following range of variables is a major consideration in judging the effectiveness of the organization” (Bartram, Robertson and Callinan, 2002, p. 2): • money and physical resources • power, authority and control • status, prestige and self-esteem ...
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...Employee engagement From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Employee engagement, also called worker engagement, is a business management concept. An "engaged employee" is one who is fully involved in, and enthusiastic about their work, and thus will act in a way that furthers their organization's interests. According to Scarlett Surveys, "Employee Engagement is a measurable degree of an employee's positive or negative emotional attachment to their job, colleagues and organization that profoundly influences their willingness to learn and perform at work". Thus engagement is distinctively different from employee satisfaction, motivation and organisational culture. Origins Employee Engagement is the extent to which employee commitment, both emotional and intellectual, exists relative to accomplishing the work, mission, and vision of the organisation. Engagement can be seen as a heightened level of ownership where each employee wants to do whatever they can for the benefit of their internal and external customers, and for the success of the organization as a whole. Employee engagement was described in the academic literature by Schmidt et al. (1993). A modernised version of job satisfaction, Schmidt et al.'s influential definition of engagement was "an employee's involvement with, commitment to, and satisfaction with work. Employee engagement is a part of employee retention." This integrates the classic constructs of job satisfaction (Smith et al., 1969)...
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...Appraisal on Employee’s Engagement in an Organization Dr.A Selvarasu Ph.D Professor of Marketing Dept. of Business Administration Annamalai University, Chidambaram Tamilnadu aselvarasu@gmail.com 1,2 N Subbu Krishna Sastry BSC (PME) MBA(HRM)(Ph.D) Professor Sarvodaya Evening College Deviah Park Sreeramapuram,Bangalore, Karnataka,India 2 Doctoral Research Scholar Bharathiar University Coimbatore, Tamilnadu oviansastry@gmail.com 1 Abstract: The Performance appraisal is one of the most important human resource management practices as it yields critical decisions integral to various human resource actions and outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between perceptions of performance appraisal fairness and employee engagement in the business organization context. In this rapid-cycle economy, business leaders know that having a high-performing workforce is essential for growth and survival. They recognize that a highly engaged workforce can increase inno¬vation, productivity, and bottom-line performance, while reducing costs related to hiring and retention in highly competitive talent markets. The work climate and job characteristics have a differential effect on employee engagement. Both job and organization resources (performance feedback, autonomy, development opportunities, task variety, welfare, and support from line manager, colleagues and senior management) are linked to positive employee engagement of all types, and might...
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...amongst associates activities and job tasks. Job satisfaction connotes a state of satiation; it is an outcome (Boudreau and Cascio, 2011, p. 145). Job satisfaction is a willing to get involve in programs that will help make the organization successful. With job satisfaction there is the energy to come to work and perform with the highest job performance. Job satisfaction also secures job stability and helps reduce cost in turnover ratio. Engagement is a positive, fulfilling, work-related state of mind that is characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption (Boudreau and Cascio, 2011, p. 145). Engagement in an organization helps find ways to reduce cost. With engagement, there is a dedication to be involved in the organization success through customer satisfaction, productivity, quality, safety, and cost. Pay fairness and employee outcomes: Exacerbation and attenuation effects of financial need Shaw, Jason D; Gupta, Nina. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 74 (Sep 2001): 299-320. Pay is arguably one of the most critical, if not the most critical, outcome of organizational membership for employees (Gupta & Shaw, 1998). Actual pay and people's attitudes about it are the subject of much research (Lawler & Jenkins, 1992; Miceli & Lane, 1991) but, over the decades, the vast majority of studies concentrated on the precursors of different kinds of pay attitudes(e.g. perceptions of pay fairness, pay satisfaction, etc.) rather than on their consequences (Heneman...
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