...Psychology and Health Problems Course: PSY/210 September 02, 2010 Instructor: Deb Maison Psychology and Health Problems Psychology has played an excellent role in understanding and managing of health problems by conducting research and recognizing that the interaction between different group factors may cause health problems. The multifactorial model is used to make connection between life experiences, family medical history, genetics, and a person’s ability to handle situations that directly affect an individual’s health in a negative or positive way. It also allows doctors to consider other diagnoses that may be involved when someone is coughing rather than just assuming he or she has a common cold. Medical professional also benefit by treating patients’ efficiently if he or she is aware of their medical condition. In addition, to ease the diagnosis break down of illness the multifactorial model has divided these factors into six categories: biological factors, environmental factors, behavioral, stressors, personality, and sociocultural factors. Biological factors include genetic components, family medical history, gender, and age. Generally, people think that just because their families’ medical history consists of high-risk medical conditions that he or she will be diagnosed with them too. In most instances, individuals do not consider that age and gender also play high role in health. For example, diabetes is a hard disease to detect according to the American...
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...other light exercise. Margret had attended a Doctor’s appointment at her local General Practice (G.P.) as she had not attended a check up for well over 30 years. Margret has no other medical problems and has reported to feel fit and well, with no concerns. The Doctor decided to perform a full health check and take a urine sample. The urine sample had detected glucose. Following this result, the doctor advised Margret to have a fasting blood test. A fasting blood test is taken to provide a more accurate reading of Margret’s blood glucose levels. Margret’s fasting blood result came back a week later and showed a level of 8.0 mmol/L. Jarvis (2010) suggests a fasting blood glucose level of 7.0mmol/L, after an overnight fast, indicates diabetes. Diabetes UK (2012)...
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...Psychology and Health Issues Program Review HCA/250 University of Phoenix Tinia C Allen For my final project I have chosen diabetes. It’s the disease that I feel I know the most about. Most of my family members suffer from the disease and some of them have died from it. I also had gestational diabetes when I was pregnant with my daughter. I have read several books on the subject and have learned a lot from my mother who was diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes 5 years ago. Since my mother was diagnosed I have started to change my diet and exercise a lot more than I use to. There were several things I learned during this project that I wasn’t aware of and I would like to share those with you. According to the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE), many diabetics experience similar stages as that of bereavement. (Diabetes.co.uk,2012) Because a chronic diagnosis such as diabetes signifies the loss of health, many individuals suffering from this condition are subjected to periods of denial, a sense of hopelessness, anger, and frustration following diagnosis. There is a fear of long term complications and commitment. Many have a difficult time coping with the lifestyle changes associated with this disorder. They struggle to understand the relationship that food has on their health and find it difficult to stay compliant with dietary restrictions. The overwhelming fear of needles causes anxiety and an unrelenting need to avoid fingers...
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...tasks are performed, assessments completed and interventions established. By studying nursing theory, it allows the nurse to sharpen critical thinking skills. One such theorist is Betty Neuman. Betty Neuman Educational background and career path Used widely in today’s nursing, Betty Neuman began developing her system many years ago. In 1947 she received RN Diploma from Peoples Hospital School of Nursing, Akron, Ohio. She then moved to California and gained experience as a hospital, staff, and head nurse; school nurse and industrial nurse; and as a clinical instructor in medical-surgical, critical care and communicable disease nursing. In 1957 Dr. Neuman attended the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) with double major in psychology and public health. She received BS in nursing from UCLA. In 1966 she received Masters Degree in Mental Health; Public Health Consultation from UCLA ("Nurses Info," “n.d.”, p. 1) Neuman developed a widely used theory model named, Neuman’s Systems Model in 1970. There are many aspects of today’s nursing that uses Neuman’s model. Define Neuman’s metaparadigm in nursing A metaparadigm (or major concept) in the application of Neuman’s system model addresses the person, environment, health, and nursing. The concepts combine to give the nurse an idea of how the client can use prevention to maintain wellness while being exposed to stressors. One example is preventing a pre-diabetic patient from developing into a diabetic patient. Person: Client...
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...Health and Psychology HCA 250 Angela C. Final Assignment Week 9 Instructor: E. G. Psychology’s Relation To Diabetes Diabetic Overview Viewed as a metabolic disorder, the cells in the body do not respond appropriately to the insulin present in the body of a person with type 2 diabetes. This is due to the dysfunction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas that can result in insulin resistance or insulin deficiency. Risk factors that can contribute to the development of type two diabetes include obesity, aging, a less active lifestyle, and unhealthy dietary habits that include food high in saturated and trans fats and certain pre-existing medical conditions. Other medical risk factors that may exacerbate or give rise to type-two diabetes include hypertension, high cholesterol, chronic pancreatitis, glucocorticoid drugs, and Cushing’s syndrome. Monitoring blood glucose levels with a glucose meter can help in both prevention and treatment. Dietary modification which includes a high fiber intake, increased exercise levels, maintaining a normal body weight and being a non-smoker and moderate alcohol drinker can play a significant role in prevention and treatment. Treatment can also be provided through the administration of different insulin formulations either orally or through subcutaneous injection. Type 1 diabetes is similar yet very distinct in its cause. The beta cells in the pancreas are attacked in what is believed to be an...
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...Summary The common-sense model of self-regulation of health and illness was developed in the 1980s by Howard Leventhal and his colleagues (Diefenbach & Leventhal, 1996). It was based on Leventhal’s research from the prior decade that studied the effect of fear in relation to health related behaviors. The theory has various titles such as the, Self Regulation Theory, Common Sense Model of Illness Representation or Leventhal’s Theory (Hale et al, 2007). For ease of communication it will be referred to as the Common Sense Model (CSM). It’s primary goal and function is to explain how a person processes an illness threat. The CSM is centered on the individual and his or her idea of health and illness. It works under the premise that the individual is “an active problem solver.” CSM also theories an individual’s representation of the illness will be the primary cause of their actions and behavior and the process of illness representation will lead the individual to make common sense health behaviors. (Diefenbach & Leventhal, 1996). Self-regulation is the processing of information by a patient regarding their health and the actions that an individual takes to return to a normal state of health. A stimuli such as a symptom of an illness or a diagnosis starts a three-phase feedback cycle of self-regulation. First, the individual constructs a cognitive “representation” of the illness. Secondly, the individual acts and “copes” with the illness. In the third stage, the...
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...Health Psychology Committee Report The health psychologist working in the hospital today should have a broad spectrum in which they can treat many different illnesses that will be present in the future as the population grows, and the life expectancy rises. Because the field of health psychology is new, the profession is still in its early stage. They provide a variety of emotional and social changes in the life of a patient who is ill or disabled. They can help in the area of depression, and pain management and anything that can have a positive impact on the patient that is dealing with a major illnesses (Sarafino,2006). In addition, in order to apply psychology to hospitals we would need to create new titles for the needs of the patient. The titles are substance abuse counselor, inpatient-only psychology: child psychologist; and adult psychologist. There have been tremendous advances in medicines that can treat a variety of diseases, but the mental and physical need of many patients suffering long term with chronic pain, terminal illnesses, and stress disorders. There are also many other issues that the psychologist can be involved with at the hospital for example, there is a need for programs that would treat drug and substance abuse, and helping patients to deal with terminal illness and to also provide and prepare patients prior to surgery. Furthermore, there are many different kinds of pain and illnesses that an individual endures everyday of their lives. The pains...
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...skill in expert coaching and guidiance will be central to efforts to redesign and transform healthcare system to become more patient-centered.The text goes on to say that teaching and coaching are recognized as core competiencies of APN’S By the time that one has reached the level of becoming a graduate level nurse, their skills and expertise are used to assist them in coaching and mentoring their preceptee, patients class or individuals willing ot learn form. The role that I decided to partake upon is that of a Family Nurse practitioner. As a Family Nurse Practitioner I may consider working as a diabetic educator or wellness coach if all depends. Ineith role I would devise/ascertain/assemble a skills fair that would be directly relate dot diabetes...
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...ABSTRAK Ratu Lensi Dwi Oktarinda, 110810240, Hubungan Antara Persepsi Penyakit dengan Manajemen-diri Penderita Diabetes yang Memiliki Riwayat Keturunan. Skripsi, Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Airlangga, 2012. ….+….halaman, …lampiran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara persepsi penyakit dengan manajemen-diri penderita diabetes yang memiliki riwayat keturunan. Manajemen-diri dalam penelitian adalah kumpulan perawatankesehatan yang harus dilakukan penderita diabetes untuk mengendalikan kadar glukosa. Perawatan yang dimaksud yaitu pengaturan pola makan, olahraga, pemeriksaan glukosa, perawatan kaki, konsumsi obat-insulin dan penghindaran merokok. Persepsi penyakit dalam penelitian ini adalah reaksi kognitif dan emosi terhadap penyakit diabetes yang terdiri dari dimensi identitas, durasi, siklus, konsekuensi, kontrol pribadi, kontrol pengobatan, pemahaman, emosi dan penyebab. Penelitian dilakukan pada 46 pasien diabetes dengan riwayat keturunan di RSI Surabaya. Alat pengumpul data berupa kuesioner manajemen-diri (translasi SDSCA) 16 aitem yang disusun oleh Toobert (2000) dan kuesioner persepsi penyakit (translasi IPQ-R) 70 aitem yang disusun oleh Moss-Morris (2002). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik statistik korelasi tata jenjang dari Spearman melalui bantuan program SPSS versi 16.0 For Windows. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian diperoleh nilai korelasi antara persepsi penyakit dengan manajemen-diri...
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...In Essentials of Abnormal Psychology (Third Edition) by Durand and Barlow, emotions can be generally categorized into anger, fear, sadness or happiness. The first three are most frequently associated with stress response. Anger allows us to fight and protect ourselves from perceived threat. Fear allows us to run and hide. Sadness enables us to go through a grief process and to come to terms with our losses. Happiness lets us become aware that our needs are being met. If happiness is sustained for a period of time, it allows us to experience inner peace. Anger in particular leads to many physiological changes, eventually leading to disease or mal-adaptive behavior. There are multiple physiological symptoms of Anger. Anger causes flushing of skin, shortness of breath, pressure in the chest, muscle tightness, gastrointestinal changes, increased blood sugar, immune suppression and cardiovascular irritability. Anger increases heart rate and blood pressure, thus augmenting the risk of heart disease (Dismadle &Hackett, 1985). Anger contributes to death from heart disease more so than other risk factors such as smoking. high blood pressure and high cholesterol (Williams,Kong & Blumenthal,1980). Heart rate and blood pressure increases were compared to increases as result of exercise (riding a stationary bicycle). The researchers found the ability of the heart to pump blood efficiently through the body dropped significantly during anger but not during exercise (Ironson et al,1992)...
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...are not comfortable with, we tend to convince ourselves that everything isn’t as bad as it actually seems. This is the same case with the author of the blog “Greeting Fellow climate-truthers”. It is difficult to thoughtfully think about the challenges scientists attribute to global warming and climate change, and according to them, give up luxuries for the sake of the challenges that might come with it. For instance, the writer of the blog can’t contemplate giving up property because of ‘scientific fallacies’. “No way am I giving up my SUV without a fight” is an absolute example. Like when friend was recently diagnosed with diabetes, he didn’t want to accept the heftiness of the issue as much as he believed his medical expert. He was supposed to make changes to his lifestyle but he still wanted to live like before in self-deception that his kind of diabetes wasn’t as serious. It is so difficult to think that the activities that we engage in that give us comfort and fun, like the writer’s case, owning a SUV, could compromise earth’s ability to sustain life. To counter this, the writer, from his blog,...
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...IDENTIFY A HEALTH BEHAVIOR OR DISEASE THAT HAS A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT UPON A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE. The developed world has witnessed a growing trend in contemporary health issues. Society has been subjected to an unprecedented increase in availability and choice, these factors influencing both temptation and convenience within the modern lifestyle. It is recognized that the contributory factors to a person’s health are not confined solely to the body’s biological state, ‘health is seen to be a state valued not in nature, but in society’ (Murcott, 1979). Globally a steady increase in the amount of seriously overweight and obese adults and children has been observed, ‘There are now about one billion people worldwide who are overweight or obese’ (Ford Runge, 2007). Obesity is a major health concern and in danger of reaching epidemic proportions. Overweight and obese individuals risk the distinct possibility of a diminished quality of life and the consequence of developing serious illness and society in general is burdened with the financial implications of treatment. This essay will identify why obesity is a major health issue and examine its causes and associated behaviors. Overweight and obesity are terms that refer to an excess of body fat, the findings of a study conducted by the National Audit Office (2001) states that ‘Obesity is a condition in which weight gain has reached the point of seriously endangering health’. This opinion was reinforced in a report published by...
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...According to research studies, Americans do not exercise as often as they should. Reasons such as work, children, not having access to exercise facilities, and etc. have been given as to why this lack of exercise has occurred. However, many people have come to the conclusion that they do not exercise because they feel as if they do not have a reason to. And for this very reason, the American people are jeopardizing their health. This infrequency of exercise often leads to potential dangers such as obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes and colon cancer to name a few. But, research shows that with more frequent exercise, these potential dangers can be reduced and promote a healthier America. Statement of the Problem According to a study done by the US Department of Health and Human Services, regular physical activity reduces the risk of premature death and disability from a variety of conditions including heart disease, diabetes, and colon cancer. Some people are unaware of the fact that lack of exercise will bring about the above stated conditions. These conditions are not just caused by poor dieting. Because all of these conditions are on the rise in society, it is very important to get the proper knowledge of just what the benefits of exercise regularly will provided and how these benefits just might save a life. Literature Review A Gallup poll that was conducted in 2013 by the Gallup...
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...Diabetes is has two types Type 1 and Type 2. They have in common that the level of sugar is abnormally high. Type 1 diabetes is a deficiency of the hormone insulin that regulates blood sugar levels. Only about 5% of people who have diabetes have this type whereas type 2 is far more common. With type 2 the level of insulin can be low, normal or high. The body does not starts respond properly to insulin it becomes partially resistant to the effects of insulin. Diabetes is often described as one of the most psychologically and behaviorally demanding of the chronic medical illnesses. What makes diabetes difficult to treat is that psychosocial factors play a role in “nearly every aspect of diabetes and its treatment." (Cox & Gonder-Frederick, 1992). Consequently, disruptions to psychological wellness may impact diabetes adversely. Family members may be frightened by the possibility of serious acute and chronic complications of diabetes. May only recognize that less than rigorous control leads to complications, may not know how to help in which family members turn adherence to diabetes self-care recommendations into autonomy issues: nagging, doing too much for the person, not letting the person learn how to care for their self, treating the person like a child. Stress is another psychology health issues which can result in reduced motivation for self-care, risky behaviors like alcohol abuse and food binging. Physiological changes include blood...
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...Settings and Specialties: practice is mostly home based family therapy due to the serious physical conditions of the clients. She has worked with cases with Muscular Dystrophy, Quadriplegia, and diabetes in children. The therapy is concentrated on way to adjust to their condition and implement ways they would feel comfortable with to socialize more and feel motivated to leave the house (frustration, at times, with wheelchair, looks from other people in society, etc). For cases with Diabetes, the struggle is to have the teenager understand and protect himself or herself by not eating the foods their friends have at parties, outings, etc. She also works with the families on how to educate the schools (child's teachers) about the illness and how the school could embrace the child and create an atmosphere where the child feels more comfortable socially and the other students are not intimidated by child's wheelchair and/or presence of personal assistant or nurse. Ronit also, spent 7 years practicing in the foster home/adoption field. She worked with prospective adoptive parents during the time they meet the child they decide to adopt from the foster care system. She utilizes a brief systemic model of therapy. In her approach, the client is the expert and we work with the strengths and resources the client already possesses. In this approach (solution-focused therapy is one model of systemic therapy she uses), she and her client’s look at what has worked in the past and what was...
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