Carl Jung, Alfred Adler and Sigmund Freud are known to be Pioneers of psychology, influential thinkers and major contributors to the modern science of psychology. All three men had very different distinct theories, but all shared one thing they were very passionate when it came to their endeavors and their thoughts and never settled with conclusion. The three dedicated their entire lives to a better understanding of the human mind and how it works, the commitment they made to psychology contributed significantly to how we practice it today. Among these three founders of mind science, Freud is indisputably the most acclaimed and was a birthing factor that helped to develop the work of the latter two. Sigmund Freud, considered to most in the field as “The Father of Modern Psychology”, viewed the human psyche from a sexual perspective sometimes so much that one might find his works strange, and somewhat perverse but none the less revolutionary and genius. Freud theorized that the human mind was made up of three basic components. The three components are “The Id”,” The Ego”, and “The Superego”. These three individual parts of the human mind often conflict with one another, shaping personality. Adler’s psychology, which he called "Individual Psychology," was based on indivisibility of the personality. His most notable stray from Freud's teaching was Adler’s belief that it was vital to view the human being as a whole entity. Whereas Frued portrays the human as a large combination of different mechanisms and drives. Adler’s science states that humans are fundamentally self-determined. Key to Adler’s approach was his belief that people always maintain control over their lives and ultimately the choices they make. And I quote Adler saying “No experience is a cause of success or failure. We do not suffer from the shock of our experiences, the so-called trauma, but we make out of them just what suits our purposes. We are self-determined by the meaning we give to our experiences." – Alfred Adler
Carl Jung studied medicine with his interest in spiritual phenomena at an early age while he was in school. It was this charisma with medicine and theology that steered him into the domain of psychiatry, which he observed as a combination of his two comforts. Jung engrossed himself in world mythology, falling deep into the hidden grottos of dream, made-up and preverbal images where all manner of gods and devils abide Compare and contrast The psychoanalytic theories of each Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler all include similar basic strategies but vary significantly in many aspects. For instance Jung varied from Freud because he believed that in the reading of dreams it is not always necessary to link concepts of those dreams to sexuality and aggression. Jung thought dreams also exposed classic material, originality and energy toward individualization. Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud understood that dreams had significance; Alder assumed that dreams stated how a human being was existing. Dreams revel material from both the individual unconscious and the combined unconscious, the basis of archetypes. Jung's Method to dream analysis immersed amplification, the process of asking the dreamer to center on numerous signs in the dream and deliver as many memories as possible about the particular symbol; whereas Freud used free connection he had a no holds bar to have the dreamer craft a sequence of associations, starting with the dream icon. Dream icons or symbols may possibly represent an actual person in the visionary’s existence or a portion of imagination, His or her mind. Elaboration contains investigation of frame of mind linked to dream images, cultural meanings religious beliefs of dream fantasies, and conceivable standard senses of the dream image for example the mandala signifying the archetype of the ego. Jung also stimulated the dreamer to practice a full of life imagination, recreating the dream and letting it to remain in sensible and powerful dreams and imagination. Freud's often-debated psychoanalysis was an effort to describe the human personality, and he conceived that the human intellect was a combination of his practiced theories: the id, ego, and superego and the battle among these components formed personality. While Freud's psychoanalysis tried to find the underlying concerns in a person's natural life and Adler hypothesized that all of one’s doings center on a simple plan for life, they established that individual personalities initiate during a person’s first years of life. Amongst numerous psychoanalysts after Freud, two of the most well-known are Alfred Adler and Carl Jung.
Characteristics of theories Commonly stating, Jung's theories about personality and performance are far smaller realistic and mechanistic than Freud's. In cooperation both males depended greatly upon the perception of unconscious factors of conduct, but to Jung the unconscious enclosed an abundant far reaching of territory. Freud's unconscious suggested only a particular private unconscious, a section of personality covering material as a product of capabilities of the individual himself. Under the subjective unconscious is the collective unconscious, a buildup of ethnic recollections of widespread experiences such as the beginning (birth), the end (death), and mother and father hood. Freud unravels early mother-child interactions as regulated by the sensual experiences of the characters involved. Jung, then again interprets mother- child relationships as an archetypal situation, a collection of congenital learning’s that have existed and have been experienced by human beings during the course of the existence of the human kind.
The two characteristics that based on personal experiences and real life that would agree with are animus and anima archetypes by Jung and Adler’s social energies functioning with the outer environment. Anima and Animus archetypes comprise both masculinity and femininity characteristics. This archetype describes why females are in the military service and males work as assistants and fashion designers. The second characteristic would have to be Alders theory that we as individuals and human beings conduct ourselves differently depending on environment we are placed in. The last two characteristics that would differ are with Sigmund Freud’s theories of the id, ego, and superego. It was stated that these theories were disconnected and operated entirely on their own. These theories should have some interaction between the three. The final characteristic is Adler’s view on the conscious and unconscious zones of the human beings mental state and mind.
Defense mechanisms
Defense mechanisms, in psychoanalysis, to some extent change of unconscious personality responses which the ego practices to defend the conscious mind from aggressive sprits and perceptions. Defense mechanisms can be psychosomatically healthful or maladaptive, but pressure reduction is the general goal in both cases (About). Fundamental defense mechanisms incorporate control and denial, which operates to prevent intolerable ideas or urges from ingoing to the conscience. Secondary defense mechanisms usually seeming as an extension of the major defense mechanisms include projection, reaction formation, displacement, sublimation, and isolation(AllPsych).
Denial implicates hindering outer events from awareness.
For instance, people who smoke might decline to acknowledge to themselves that smoking is bad and could be detrimental for their health.
Secondly displacement is the rerouting of an compulsion (usually aggression) onto a alternative focus. Somebody who is upset by his or her superiors might drive home and kick the dog, hurt a member of the family, or take part the in cross-burnings.
The third and final mechanism is projection, which includes beings attaching their own thoughts, feelings and intentions to another person. Feelings most generally planned onto another in which case would create guilt such as hostile and sexual daydreams or imaginations.
For example, someone might really dislike someone else , but your superego tells you that such hatred is improper . You can 'solve' the set back by truly making yourself believe in your head that they hate you right back.
In conclusion, Jung, Freud and Adler share all the similar concepts of personality. Freud credits his theories centered on sexuality and unconscious personality. Jung bases his on archetypes. Finally Adler established his psychoanalytic studies on individual psychology. Each of these theories has gains and losses. All these theories can be used to find out what personality one has.