...“Public Interest” In this article, the special interest group, known as the National Riffle Associates (NRA) is regarded by its critics as a lobbying force. “NRA and bad law block a way to catch killers.” (Amitai) The criticism the NRA receives in the article is warranted. The special interests group was known to have been vitally involved with activities that could have immediate impacts on universal “public interest” for the safety of our family and children. The platform the NRA takes for its activities is most alarming. Technology historically has been largely credited to changing our way of life. ”. As outlined by the article, “micro stamping” is a technology that would identify a single bullet or gun at the point of sale. (Amitai) Technology is a familiar game changer; this would certainly be a step in the direction of suppressing gun crime. However, this would change the landscape of the arms industry; NRA represents the special interest of a certain people, and that people is not “public Interest”. Technology has a strong presence today. Businesses are more efficient, operating with more capital, and expanding internationally. As individuals, we are enjoying a greater quality of life, and almost limitless in our pursuits to happiness. Technological innovation in the realm of gun control can bring confidence to societies, and legitimacy to the industry. (Zandi) As a result, today, there is a confidence gap between “public interest” and special interest groups such...
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...Commitment to the Public Interest Whether you are interested in devoting your career to public interest law or providing pro bono services while practicing in a private firm, Chicago-Kent can help you improve the legal profession and meet the legal needs of millions of Americans who are unable to obtain affordable, fair legal support. Chicago-Kent is dedicated to supporting students, alumni and those in the legal community pursuing the public interest through the Certificate in Public Interest Law, initiatives, curriculum, student organizations and faculty. Chicago-Kent recognizes that the American Bar Association's Model Rule of Professional Responsibility stating that "a lawyer should aspire to render at least 50 hours of pro bono publico legal services per year and should voluntarily contribute support to organizations that provide legal services to persons of limited means," is a commitment that must be emphasized throughout law school. Chicago-Kent has a strong public interest tradition and a rich array of activities, courses and resources that encourage students to consider public interest law. Building on that tradition, Chicago-Kent offers the Certificate in Public Interest Law. The certificate allows students to earn a credential that further illustrates their dedication to public interest law, while also providing students with a personalized curriculum to satisfy their individual career goals. Chicago-Kent's Public Interest Law and Policy course, a core requirement...
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...Every time I hear a politician during speaking engagements, during election period, most especially, I almost always hear the word, “Should you elect me in this position, I will do this, and that…for the common interest of my constituents.” But how committed these leaders are in advancing the best interest of the people, is one serious question that each and every one of us has to reflect on, not only during elections, but also in ordinary times. The same goes to other employees holding government positions, high or low. The degree of standard of commitment expected from a government employee is so high such that failure to promote the general welfare of its public-clienteles speaks of the quality of governance there is in our country. Having been hired in one of the major agencies of the government, mandated to press on the needed economic progress of the agriculture and fisheries sector in the country, I am fully cognizant of this commitment expected from me. I may not be holding a permanent, temporary nor a casual position, and technically, I may have no employer-employee relationship with my agency, but with the clienteles which my office is serving-the public, I am completely aware that I owe the public my commitment to their interest. Thus, before I go to work, regardless of my personal circumstances and difficulties at some times, I inculcate in my mind that this commitment should not, in any way, get affected once I enter the gates of my office through the simplest way...
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...and the Public Interest While this concept of public interest is imperative to the accounting profession, it is not always well understood. According to reflections by Dellaportas and Davenport (2007), serving the public interest in the accounting field is done on two levels. The first, individual professional judgment, relates to how accountants apply expertise to achieve excellence in the provision of services. Excellence in this capacity refers to integrity, objectivity, independence, confidentiality, adherence to technical and professional standards, competence and due care, and general ethical behavior (Dellaportas, 2007). The second, institutional processes, refers to professional accounting bodies that develop processes which produce high-quality standards intended to benefit end-users of financial reports (Dellaportas, 2007). By developing value on the individual level and fostering an environment in which that value may thrive, public accounting can meet the needs of public interest. Whether or not the needs of the public interest align with those of the private interest is up for debate. According to Lee Parker (1994), “private interest can be defined as the latent motivation of ethical codes to protect the interests of the professional accounting body corporate and its individual members.” Such interests include political power, social status, and influence (Parker, 1994). In order to preserve these self-interests, it is necessary to fulfill the public interest needs...
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...Kayla Smith Society & Public Interest November 18th, 2014 Quiz 4 1. Parhlad in his discussion, focused on business principals that can be implemented to serve the BoP markets. Some of these principals were discussed in terms of a halfway house servicing poor pregnant teenage girls. Our goal was to generate revenue while serving a social goal of assisting people and breaking the cycle of poverty. We focused on this halfway house (or safe haven) getting the girls housed to provide a service to the company. This service would hopefully generate enough revenue to pay the rent for the house itself and for its generated revenue. We discussed Parhlad’s principals by designing this halfway house in a way that would show others we could still make money while catering to the poor. The services that we came up with for the girls to be involved in (based on Parhlad’s principal of innovation) included janitorial and maid services, development of a farmers market, childcare services etc. Our goal was for the girls to provide consumers with their skill sets so that they could earn money (based on Parhlad’s principal of Price Performance) all while being provided an education and safe environment in the halfway house. Parhlad gave us the base for our ideas of implementation challenging societies norms that helping the poor does not help us. By creating this safe haven and even making it a sort of respected establishment, we could distribute the house in nicer areas so that the girls’...
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...problems. Can companies do well by doing good? Yes—sometimes. But the idea that companies have a responsibility to act in the public interest and will profit from doing so is fundamentally flawed. Large companies now routinely claim that they aren’t in business just for the profits, that they’re also intent on serving some larger social purpose. They trumpet their efforts to produce healthier foods or more fuel-efficient vehicles, conserve energy and other resources in their operations, or otherwise make the world a better place. Influential institutions like the Academy of Management and the United Nations, among many others, encourage companies to pursue such strategies. It’s not surprising that this idea has won over so many people—it’s a very appealing proposition. You can have your cake and eat it too! But it’s an illusion, and a potentially dangerous one. Very simply, in cases where private profits and public interests are aligned, the idea of corporate social responsibility is irrelevant: Companies that simply do everything they can to boost profits will end up increasing social welfare. In circumstances in which profits and social welfare are in direct opposition, an appeal to corporate social responsibility will almost always be ineffective, because executives are unlikely to act voluntarily in the public interest and against shareholder interests. Irrelevant or ineffective, take your pick. But it’s worse than that. The danger is that a focus on social responsibility...
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...2011 Th 1 Right to Information Act, 2005 (Act No. 22 of 2005) [As modified up to 1st February, 2011] iis-riTon-io we Affairs I LifiRAR Acc. ift59/2-7-.q7:Pa6gi Date PREFACE This edition of the Right to Information Act, 2005 is being published in diglot form. The English text and the authoritative Hindi text of the Act have been modified up (lithe 1st day of February, 2011. NEW DELHI; The 1st February, 2011 BHASEN, Secretary to the Government of India. THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT, 2005 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY SECTIONS 1. Short title, extent and commencement. 2. Definitions. CHAPTER II RIGHT TO INFORMATION AND OBLIGATIONS OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES 3. Right to information. 4. Obligations of public authorities. 5. Designation of Public Information Officers. 6. Request for obtaining information. 7. Disposal of request. 8. Exemption from disclosure of information. 9. Grounds for rejection to access in certain cases. 10. Severability. 11. Third party information. CHAPTER III THE CENTRAL INFORMATION COMMISSION 12. Constitution of Central Information Commission. 13. Term of office and conditions of service. 14. Removal of' Chicf Infiommtion Commissioner or Information Commissioner. CHAPTER IV TIIE STATE INFORMATION COMMISSION 15. Constitution of State...
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...Matthew Sandoval 1 Government 2301 Spring 2012 Interest Groups and Politics The “interest industry” or Interest Groups is often pointed out as one of the unusual features of the American political system. A structurally weak state is seen as being penetrated by wealthy and vigorous lobbying groups, raising the questions of to whom. Elected politicians are in practice accountable, and how real political power is allocated. While these interest groups are sometimes effective in achieving their own aims, the bias towards business groups suggests that, far from improving policymaking, the influence of interest groups actually worsens it. The strong presence of interest groups is certainly not in doubt. The representation of interests is the third-largest source of employment in Washington D.C., providing work for around 40,000 active lobbyists (Twyman, 1). Groups are also organized in state capitals, especially in Sacramento, CA and Austin, TX. This impressive presence, in comparison to other countries, stems at least partly from the structural weakness of other parts of the American political system. The framers of the Constitution fragmented the state into competing institutions, thus providing plenty of leverage points for interest groups; those which do not get satisfaction in the one branch of government can pursue it in another (Debbie, 4). In addition the main political parties are ill-disciplined and weak; legislators who vote against the party line...
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...Chapter Four Professional Accounting in the Public Interest, Post-Enron Purpose of the Chapter When the Enron, Arthur Andersen, and WorldCom debacles triggered the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), a new era of stakeholder expectations was crystallized for the business world and particularly for the professional accountants that serve in it. The drift away from the professional accountant’s role as a fiduciary to that of a businessperson was called into question and reversed. The principles that the new expectations spawned and renewed resulted in changes in how the professional accountants are to behave, what services are to be offered, and what performance standards are to be met. These standards have been embedded in a new governance structure and in guidance mechanisms, which have domestic and international components. The influence of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) will be as important as that of SOX in the long run. This chapter examines each of these developments and provides insights into important areas of current and future practice. Building upon the understanding of the new stakeholder accountability framework facing clients and employers developed in earlier chapters, this chapter explores public expectations for the role of the professional accountant and the principles that should be observed in discharging that role. This leads to consideration of the implications for services to be...
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...Having ethics in a complicated environment as public administration is very crucial. Working in public administration a person decision-making is responsible for large group of people. With that said the person making those decisions has to have morals and values. These values are the leading cause of having good decisions makers and bad decisions makers. In Lewis Carol’s article on public interest he makes as strong point on how the government needs citizens to have interest in the government. This helps public managers understand what their citizens want and allows them to do their job better. Lewis brings up an interesting point stating “One critical problem with an approach to public interest that calls for balancing private interests...
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...Introductory Essay Though I have always found History to be a compelling subject, I do not feel that I know the subject terribly well as a whole. I possess a basic understanding of the timeline of large events that have occurred throughout American history, but many of the details of these events have never been taught to me, or those that have been taught to me have been summarized. I am sure that many of the dates and details of the numerous events in American history have been skimmed over in my education. Public education rarely creates much interest in this subject, especially given that only so much material can be taught in a single school year. My knowledge is likely fragmented at best, depending on what subjects my teachers went over...
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...Act No. 141 of 1936 AND AN ACT TO AMEND COMPILE THE LAWS RELATIVE TO LANDS OF THE PUBLIC DOMAIN TITLE I TITLE AND APPLICATION OF THE ACT, LANDS TO WHICH IT REFERS, AND CLASSIFICATION, DELIMITATION, AND SURVEY — THEREOF FOR CONCESSION CHAPTER I Short Title of the Act, Lands to Which it Applies, and Officers Charged With Its Execution SECTION 1. The short title of this Act shall be "The Public Land Act. SECTION 2. The provisions of this Act shall apply to the lands of the public domain; but timber and mineral lands shall be governed by special laws and nothing in this Act provided shall be understood or construed to change or modify the administration and disposition of the lands commonly called "friar lands'' and those which, being privately owned, have reverted to or become the property of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, which administration and disposition shall be governed by the laws at present in force or which may hereafter be enacted. SECTION 3. The Secretary of Agriculture and Commerce shall be the executive officer charged with carrying out the provisions of this Act through the Director of Lands, who shall act under his immediate control. SECTION 4. Subject to said control, the Director of Lands shall have direct executive control of the survey, classification, lease, sale or any other form of concession or disposition and management of the lands of the public domain, and his decisions as to questions of fact shall be conclusive when approved...
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...Finance Organization and Long-Term Planning Introduction Sensible Essentials, after considering the Genesis Corporation aggressive growth plan, suggested that Genesis should consider broadening their financing to consider long-term financing beyond just short-term financing. The organization has provided the potential costs and benefits of each long-term option available. Long-Term Financing A company needs long-term financing if they want to expand their business as Genesis is planning by starting operations in Europe and Asia. Sources of long-term financing include shares that are issued to the public and these holders are considered the owners of the business. There are two types of shares – equity and preference. The advantages of equity capital is no fixed maturity, no obligation to redeem, no compulsion to pay dividends, provides leverage capacity, and dividends tax exempt for investors. The disadvantages of equity capital are dilution of control of existing owners, high cost – rate of return expected by the equity holders higher than debt holders, dividends are not tax deductible, issue cost are higher due to underwriting, brokerage, and other issue expenses, along with higher servicing costs including post annual reports (Fedorov, 2012). Preference capital advantages are no obligation to pay dividend, no bankruptcy or legal action for non payment, financial distress of redemption obligation not very high, part of net worth which hence increases its creditworthiness/leverage...
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...ECON 172 REPORT METHODOLOGY “What weights should society apply to cost and benefits occurring in future time periods relative to the present period?” INTRAGENERATIONAL DISCOUNTING * Consumption rate of interest cum shadow price of capital method (CRI-SPC Method) * The level of public investment should be based on individual preference for present consumption vs. future consumption * The marginal rate of time preference * Investment is simply a means of using resources that are potentially available for consumption now in order to increase consumption later * Individuals typically have a positive rate of time preference * They demand compensation when forgoing present for future consumption * SDR = rate of time preference * If the future increase in net benefits > present costs (via consumption rate of interest, CRI) = project passes a potential compensation test * Possible for the winners to compensate the losers * Still have sufficient gains to allow for pareto efficiency * Ex. Net return available to individual savers is 2% per year Project cost (to taxpayers) = $1M this year Net benefit = $3.2M in 50 years * forgoing current consumption of $1M and lending at 2%, return = $2.72M in 50 yrs * therefore, the $3.2M benefit will be preferred * If we ignore intragenerational redistributions, we can suggest that this project would improve social welfare * If individuals seek to maximize their own...
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...sporting goods store, known as The Sports Guy. Rocky is a known athlete within his community who was a star in football and hockey in his developing, small town, outside the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). The business runs on a model that operates by 70% of sales coming from local teams purchasing uniforms and equipment, and the remaining 30% of sales consist of in-store sales to the general public. According to Rocky’s accountant, the last few years of sales to local teams has covered business expenses, while sales to the general public have profited the store. Over the years, the store has been accumulating inventory due to a low turnover rates, which resulted in increases of short-term dept and interest expenses. Rocky is searching for ways that he can grow his sporting goods business’ profits, increase inventory turnover, and lower short-term dept and interest expenses in a community where organized sports has been declining over the years. Problem Statement and Objectives The Sports Guy faces a problem of accumulating inventory, which in result is increasing shortterm dept and interest expenses. The owner of The Sports Guy, Rocky wants his business to grow with the growing town that he and the business reside in. In order for the business to grow, Rocky requires access to bank credit to finance higher inventories and future expansion. Before Rocky is eligible for the bank credit to grow his business, he must first increase the store’s profits. Rocky needs to figure...
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