...3Chapter 3 Research Methodology This chapter presents the research methodology which includes the research design, methods and procedures used in conducting the study. It also includes the subject respondents, research instrument, research environment or locale of the study and analysis of the data gathered. Research Design Descriptive research is used in the study and defined as a description, recording, analysis and interpretation of the presented data. This type of research is the most commonly used and the basic reason for carrying out descriptive research is to identify the cause of something that is happening (DJS Research Ltd, 2010). Descriptive research can be either quantitative or qualitative. It can involve collections of quantitative information that can be tabulated along a continuum in numerical form, such as scores on a test or the number of times a person chooses to use a-certain feature of a multimedia program, or it can describe categories of information such as gender or patterns of interaction when using technology in a group situation. Descriptive research involves gathering data that describe events and then organizes, tabulates, depicts, and describes the data collection (Glass & Hopkins, 1984). The process of descriptive research goes beyond mere gathering and tabulation of the information and data. It involves interpretation of the significance of what is described. Descriptive research may also be defines as a process of gathering, analyzing...
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...Questionnaire design This Advice Sheet introduces you to the some of the basics of designing a good questionnaire. Many research projects and dissertations demand the collection of primary data from individuals. Questionnaires are often the best way of gathering such information and views. However, a badly designed questionnaire may get only unusable responses or none at all. This Advice Sheet offers guidance on avoiding the pitfalls, and ensuring a successful result. What do you want to know? 1 Maximise success …. 1 Who to ask …. 1 Clear instructions …. 2 Questions …. 2 Order & layout …. 3 Email vs Print .... 3 Piloting …. 4 Further reading …. 4 What do you want to know? Before you even write the first question, it is important that you have a very clear idea about what you want your questionnaire to achieve. Write down your research goals, and think about what information you need to elicit from respondents to meet those goals. Think also about how you are going to analyse each question to get the results you need. Remember there is a difference between things you need to know, and those it would be nice to know. Eliminate unnecessary lines of questioning at the planning stage. Maximise your chances of success The aim of questionnaire design is to a) get as many responses as you can that are b) usable and accurate. To maximise your response rate: • Give your questionnaire a short and meaningful title • Keep the questionnaire as short and succinct as possible • Offer...
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...Our data collection method is using questionnaire after considering and carefully selecting from other techniques such as interviews, observations and combination of both questionnaire and interview. A questionnaire is considered to be the best tool because questionnaire are relatively quicker and easier to create, code and interpret. In addition, we are able to contact large numbers of respondents easily and efficiently. This is also one of the methods providing us with most reliable data. Our questionnaire is designed with four parts. The first part is to identify the difficulties of students in managing time. The second part is to find out the popular reasons by seeking the respondents agreement to our suggestive options. Besides, two questions in the part three give the importance of controlling the time effectively. Finally, the forth part gives possible solutions to help control the time. To collect the data to do the research, we delivered 50 copies of questionnaire to 50 students from different classes. They were all second-year English Department students. We conducted the survey among second- year students because they are more mature than the first-year students and not too busy like the students in the last semesters. In addition, they are also familiar with studying environment at university. After a quite long learning time, whether they can find out methods to balance their lives between studying and other activities. Before carrying out the real survey, we...
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...evaluate the data in accordance to the goal of the study. Methodology is like a strategy or plan for achieving some goal; methods are the tactics that can be used to service the goals of the methodology. In essence, methodologies provide the blueprints that prescribe how the tools should be used. Considerably, the researcher used a structured questionnaire as the instrument of the study. Data gathered from the survey questionnaire are used to gauge the perceptions of the participants about the efficiency performance of Malaysian commercial banks. 3.1 Research philosophy An interpretivist approach was used in the study since the method used is exploratory as the study aimed to determine present facts and present facts that are not yet explored about the efficiency performance of Malaysian commercial banks. As already noted, the study explored the current level of performance of Malaysian banks including the key factors of scale economy and their operating conditions. What scale is currently in used in improving operational and cost efficiencies are also explored. The study operated in a cross-sectional design using a structured questionnaire. This design enabled the study to focus on the breadth and depth of the research while also minimizing confounding variables. In particular, the philosophy adapted for this study dissertation is interpretive epistemology which simply refers to the philosophical underpinning of the research. Interpretive epistemology has a basic assumption...
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...NAME: MATTHEW BRNOW TEACHER: SCHOOL: DATE: TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3 INTRODUCTION 4 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS 6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS: 6 METHODS OF INVESTIGATION 8 ADVANTAGES OF PRINTED QUESTIONNAIRE 8 DISADVANTAGES OF PRINTED QUESTIONNAIRE 9 INSTRUMENT USED TO COLLECT DATA 13 QUESTIONNAIRE 13 PROCEDURES USED TO COLLECT DATA 19 PRESENTATION AND EXPLANATION OF DATA 21 INTERPRETATION OF DATA 30 FINDINGS 32 RECOMMENDATION 34 TASK1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM An investigation on the impact which school absenteeism has on teenagers in the parish of ST.Andrew Tavern Avenue Kingston Reach questions: TASK2 THE RATIONALE My reason for choosing this topic is that there are too many young men in the community not attending school. This leads to idling which causes young men to get involved in negative activities. TASK3 METHOD OF INVESTIGATION Questionnaire. Advantages of Questionnaire * Very cost effective when compared to face-to-face interview. * Easy to analyse. * Provides a level of confidentiality. Disadvantages of Questionnaire * Some questionnaires may not be suitable for some people. * Persons may give false information. * Questionnaires May become damaged TASK 4 INSTRUMENTS USED TO COLLECT DATA QUESTIONNAIR Please tick the appropriate box provided. 1. What is your gender? Male Female 2. What is your age group...
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...Statement of Problems These study intents to find out how aware are the SEA students regarding cybercrimes. It also aimed to answer the following questions: 1. What is the profile of each respondent regarding their awareness? 2. What influences them to such an act of crime? 3. How can they be protected from any forms of cybercrimes? 4. How can these cybercrimes be prevented? Significance of Study The researchers believes that students, particularly in the School of Engineering and Architecture will be benefited from the findings of this study since the study provides basis for awareness and better understanding regarding cybercrimes. Likewise, gives them a focused and clear perspective that such acts of crimes if they get involved have penalties and punishment s according to Republic Act 10175, an act defining cybercrime, providing for the prevention, investigation, suppression and the imposition of penalties therefore and for other purposes. Furthermore, this study helps them refrain from doing such crimes and hopefully they would not do it again if they have done it before. Lastly, we help them how to be protected from cybercrimes so that they would not be a victim of such crime. Scope and Limitations The scopes of this research are the education of students here in University of Baguio for all year levels. The limitations of this research are only those students who are currently enrolled in the University of Baguio at the School of Engineering and Architecture for...
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...Introduction Surveys and experiments can prove to be an extremely valuable tool that organizations can use to gain pertinent information. In order to effectively utilize these tools firms must pay careful attention to the design, methodology, and ethical issues of the experiment chosen. Among these issues are variables in conducting experiments with human subjects, design elements affecting the accuracy of the experiment, and questions of methodology. The information below addresses each of these concerns and describes how experiments can become a valuable tool for organizations to plan for the future. Question 9.4 – Ethical Problems in Conducting Experiments with Human Subjects After choosing the experimental design, the researcher must then select and assign participants for the study. According to Cooper and Schindler (2014), participants selected for an experiment should be members of the population in which the researcher wishes to make interpretations about. When choosing to conduct experiments with humans as the main subjects, researchers should be aware of various ethical concerns that may arise. When ethical problems are debated in the research design process, most people often think first about defending the rights of the participant. Whether observations are taken from an interview, survey, or an experiment, the participant has many rights that need to be protected during the research process. As discussed in the text, research must be designed in a way...
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...Data Gathering Procedure The data for this research were collected using a survey questionnaire. The survey was created using suitable questions modified from related research and individual questions formed by the researcher. The survey was comprised of 20 to 25 questions, which were related to the participant’s perception regarding for the reject products of corrugated box in well pack. In the questionnaire, Likert scale was used to determine if the respondent agreed or disagreed in a statement. After the professor validated the questionnaire, these were distributed to the 4th year Industrial Engineering students of Quezon City Polytechnic University . The researchers assured confidentiality of their survey sheets since the identities are not important. The researchers also understood that people’s consciousness may also affect their honesty and effectiveness in answering the survey, and so, the researchers gave people the option of being anonymous. Participants were given time to respond and then the researchers collected the surveys the next day. There were no incentives offered for participating in the research. Next, the researchers planned the questions that they would be asking to the interview. The researchers interviewed certain number of workers in the company regarding to the reject products. Statistical Treatment of Data In getting the sample size, the group used the Solving formula which is, n= , N stands for the whole population of the workers who where work...
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...response rates for every survey – typically, depending on the complexity or scarcity of the sample, or the sensitivity of the subject, this will be between 12% and 35%. We have defined and implemented a clear set of rules to ensure that quality is our highest priority and support this through regular contact with our members. Currently, we have access to more than 40 million households in over 70 countries – and manage the relationship with global consumers on a daily basis. 10 steps of quality control 1. Maintain database – reliable and up to date 2. Confirm respondent’s identity 3. Screen with strict procedure 4. Select accurately the right sample 5. Inspect and test questionnaire thoroughly 6. Use self-completion method 7. Create user friendly questionnaire 8. Monitor feedback extensively 9. Check questionnaire responses rigorously 10. Offer credible reward system 1 10 steps of quality control Database A large household access requires a wide range of sources for recruitment mainly to ensure that KNOTs Research avoids systematic biases inherent to certain sources. KNOTs Research recruitment is based on large...
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...B-Schools were to be rated, and the weights that were to be assigned to each of these parameters for arriving at the final ratings. While deciding the weightages for each parameter, AICTE norms laid for the Management Schools were strictly followed. The parameters on which B Schools are rated mainly includes: Intellectual Capital Admissions and Placements Infrastructure Industry Interface Governance A structured questionnaire is designed keeping in view the above parameters. METHODOLOGY The survey is designed for Business Schools approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) / Universities. RESEARCH AGENCY The ratings have been conducted with the help of IMRB International, a leading Research Agency in India, and published in AIMA’s Indian Management in Association with Business Standard. SURVEY METHODOLOGY The questionnaires are sent to all approved B-Schools, who are requested to revert with the completed questionnaires to either IMRB or AIMA. Each completed questionnaire is thoroughly scrutinised for missing and misrepresented data, if any. The data is checked...
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...Title The title for the proposed study is THE EFFECT OF TIME MANAGEMENT IN AN ORGANISATION. This paper will present the different methods, approaches and instruments to be used in order to implement the study successfully in the future. Background of the Study/Literature Review The saying “Time is money while effectiveness is life” has been accepted by more and more people. Time is a special and rare resource (Drucker, 1985), therefore, there is a close relationship between how to use time effectively and everyone’s work, study and life. Background of the Study/Literature Review The saying “Time is money while effectiveness is life” has been accepted by more and more people. Time is a special and rare resource (Drucker, 1985), therefore, there is a close relationship between how to use time effectively and everyone’s work, study and life. Time is a major organizational resource. The effective exploitation and utilization of time has a positive effect on the regular function and development of an organization (Schriber and Gutek, 1987). Management activity consists of five main factors: goal, human, environment, time and information. Time management is a major element of organizational and individual management. How to effectively exploit and utilize time resource connects closely with the chairman of the board, general manager and even down to every grass-roots worker. What is more, the crucial importance of a manager and the typical characters of their work...
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...Rhonda Malomet. At her request, a study of the impact of non-work activities in work behaviour was developed. It was primarily based on interviews and survey. The purpose of this report was to analyze the current situation in The Marketing Store regarding the work-life conflict, and come up with suggestions that might contribute to reduce this conflict. The Marketing Store is a medium size company located at 1209 King Street West, Toronto. It is a marketing services agency, specializing in brand activation, in sales promotion, and field marketing. Among its clients are well known companies such as McDonald's, Coca-Cola, and Best Buy. Data for this report came from a 2006 survey, via a questionnaire, interviews with the company’s staff, business books, and on-line resources. The questionnaire development required special attention for the type of questions and helpful information were found in the professional book Work motivation: theory, issues, and application (Pinder 56-89), and on-line resources (“Work-Life Balance”)....
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...GMAT ARGUMENT ESSAY ASSIGNMENT The common notion that workers are generally apathetic about management issues, according to this author, is false, or at least outdated. The author supported his claim with the premise that, a recently published survey indicated that 79% of the nearly 1,200 workers who responded to the survey questionnaires expressed a high level of interest in the topics of corporate restructuring and redesign of benefits programs. However, a critical review of the claim and its premise cast some doubts on the validity of the argument. First, corporate restructuring and redesign of benefit programs is a small part of management issues and thus cannot be used as a basis to say workers have interest in management issues. Second, for workers to have merely indicate on a questionnaire that they have interest in the topics of corporate restructuring and design of benefit programs is not enough to conclude that they actually do it in reality. Finally, a generalization made from the result of a survey with a sample size of 1,200 workers without stating the population size is not adequate. First and foremost, the discussion will touch on the inadequacy of the premise as against the claim. With this, I state that, corporate restructuring and redesign of benefit programs is a small part of management issues and thus cannot be used as a basis to say workers have interest in management issues. Management issues encompass several measures. These are inclusive of spinning...
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...survey, or self-administered questionnaire. Give your reasons. a) A survey of the residents of a new subdivision on why they happened to select that area in which to live. You also wish to secure some information about what they like and do not like about life in the subdivision. For a survey of residents, I go for a Personal Interview. My reason for this is because the desired sample consists of respondents in a very specific target population of a new subdivision. I think that the main advantage is that the response rates are very good; the respondents should have the ability to speak truth about the situation. Also, longer interviews are sometimes tolerated; and attitudinal behavior can be best observed with this method. Though this method is more time consuming, it will lead to the best results. It is more friendly and tends to lead to best results. b) A poll of students at Metro University on their preferences among three candidates who are running for president of the student government. Questionnaire - The fact that self-administered questionnaire data are not collected by interviewers makes it a relatively cheaper way of collecting large amounts of data when compared to the cost of hiring interviewers, plus the cost of training them to conduct the interviews. Self-administered questionnaires are also effective at eliciting responses on topics that are sensitive. Respondents might feel less intimidated to answer a mailed questionnaire when compared to being confronted...
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...relationship between advertising/promotion and brand switching in Chinese packaged product market. Secondly, to study the interaction between advertising/promotion and other relevant factors, and to investigate how customers’ responses to advertising and promotion can be influenced by other important factors, such as demographic factors, product categories, and price consciousness. The sample was norandom, there are selected which is two group of Chinese female respondent have been selected as sample of the survey questionnaire. One group is young women (20-25 years old); the other group is middle-aged women (40-45 years old). The sampling is good but there are error in distributing the questionnaires which the respondent come from different cities which may affect the the result of the finding. The result may not accurate due to the differences in behaviour, economic , income and lifestyle between the respondent. Futhermore, when we refer demographic variables on the questionnaires, there are only a matter of age had been tested.Researcher should test more than one demographic variables to investigate the impact of demographic variables on brand switching. The researchers submitted five hyphothesis which first hypothesis was Advertising and promotion have strong impact on customers’ brand choice. Second hypothesis was Advertising and promotion would have different impact on different stages of brand choice decision making. Third hypothesis was Customers’ responses to advertising and promotion...
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