...people are placing intrinsic value on domestic values such as friendship and family. Employers though are now requiring mandatory overtime as a condition of employment. Consequently, this experiment is being proposed to acquire whether the rise in time at work is affecting the stress level of people thus causing a decline in mental health? Research Analysis Who will the demographic be for the experiment? The demographic will include both genders age group of 22 – 40, who are married or at least have a child. This demographic was chosen because the experiment is targeted to explore whether the overtime is resulting in chronic stress and thus it is required to include both genders. The age group was designed to be broad to eliminate radical variables from invalidating the experiment such as adolescence and physical causes such as menopause from flawing the results. Also this age group represents the statistical age group of people employed within the United States. Consequently, the age demographic allows for a good statistical average to be taken in a survey. What research design will be utilized? Due to the broad scope of the experiment the methods utilized within this proposed experiment will narrowed to the survey and the experiment. The case study is deemed useless in this experiment as this is not a unique topic thus...
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...The goal of the survey being taken is to identify a change in the results of two similar questions being asked. In order to see this change, a type of bias has to be selected to survey. In our survey, our group had chosen unnecessary complexity. In order to tell whether a confusingly formulated questions leads to a difference in responses, one relevant and specific unbiased question has to be decided upon, then a second complex and biased question has to be selected. In total, there will be two types of questions being surveyed, one type that is simple and unbiased, then the other type perplexing and biased. To collect enough data so our results seem fairly accurate, we made a table on an online document to type 50 copies of the biased question and 50 copies of the unbiased questions, as well as a ‘yes’ or ‘no’ response to circle on the document, so when the document was printed out, squares of the table with questions could be cut out out and placed in stacks, ready to collect the data for the survey....
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...BUSI 600 Liberty University September 20, 2013 Discussion Board Forum 5 This paper will attempt to answer varies questions from chapters nine and ten. The questions asked and answered pertain to ethical problems, experiments and their designs. After reading this paper you should know that there are some ethical issues when it comes to experimental research. You should also understand and become aware of the steps you should take to accomplish a well-planned experiment (Cooper & Schindler, 2011, p.206). There is information about the types of experimental designs and how they are different. Also discussed are the three communication approaches. Question 9.4 What ethical problems do you see in conducting experiments with human subjects? The question of “what ethical problems do you see in conducting experiments with human subjects?” is truly a multi-layered opinionated question that forces a person to ask “what would be the most responsible way society could condone such acts and what could be the worst case scenario?” The first step in analyzing this question is to define ethics. Ethics is defined as “norms or standards of behavior that guide moral choices about our behavior and our relationships with others” (Cooper & Schindler, 2011, p. 32). The key issues of ethics in experimentation relate to benefits, deception, informed consent, debriefing participants, and the right to privacy (Cooper & Schindler, 2011). It is important that the researcher “discuss the study’s...
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...have developed an epistemology and expectations survey to assess how students perceive the nature of physics experiments in the contexts of laboratory courses and the professional research laboratory. The Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey for Experimental Physics (E-CLASS) evaluates students’ shifts in epistemology and affect at the beginning and end of a semester. Also, at the end of the semester, the E-CLASS assesses students’ reflections on their course’s expectations for earning a good grade. By basing survey statements on widely embraced learning goals and common critiques of teaching labs, the E-CLASS serves as an assessment tool for lab courses across the undergraduate curriculum and as a tool for PER research. We present the development, evidence of validation, and initial formative assessment results from a sample that includes 45 classes at 20 institutions. We also discuss feedback from instructors and reflect on the challenges of large-scale online administration and distribution of results. I. INTRODUCTION Laboratory courses offer significant opportunities for engagement in the practices and core ideas of science. Laboratory course environments typically have apparatus, flexible classroom arrangements, low student/teacher ratios, and opportunities for collaborative work that promote students’ engagement in a range of scientific practices (e.g., asking questions, designing and carrying out experiments, analyzing data, developing and refining models,...
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...forecasting. Survey method and Statistical method are further sub-divided into various methods. The former obtains information about the consumers’ intentions by conducting consumers’ interviews, through collecting experts’ opinions. The later using past experience as a guide and by extrapolating past statistical- relationships suggests the level of future demand. Survey methods are found appropriate for short term forecasting or demand estimation, while statistical methods are more suitable for long term demand forecasting or business and economic forecasting. Either of the methods may be used for forecasting demand for existing products, but the demand for new products, in the absence of any historical data, must be forecast through the survey method only. Under survey methods surveys are conducted about the consumers’ intentions, opinions of experts, survey of managerial plans, or of markets. Data obtained through these methods are analyzed, and forecasts on demand are made. These methods are generally used to make short-run forecast of demand. Survey methods are further sub-divided in to: Consumers’ Survey and Experts’ Opinion and Survey of Managerial Plans. A. Consumers’ Survey: Consumers’ survey involves direct interview of the potential consumers who are contacted by the interviewer and asked how much they would be willing to buy a given product at different prices. Consumers’ survey may take any form as: Complete Enumeration Sample Survey, or End-Use...
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...methodologies (means of collecting data), including classic experiments, fieldwork, interviews, and surveys. Each has its own set of strengths and weaknesses. In a one to two page paper, briefly describe the following: a. What you see as the strengths and weaknesses of each methodology discussed in the chapter (classic experiments, fieldwork, interviews, and surveys) The four methodologies described in chapter three are very important to sociologists. Sociologists strive to understand why things are they way they are and most times the answers they are looking for lie in other people. A classic experiment is one technique used and it is done in a lab by manipulating one variable and keeping the second variable constant. An advantage to this is lab technicians have power over what to manipulate. They can examine something relatively easy by changing the manipulated variable. You could also test different variables with a group of people in a short period of time. A disadvantage to this methodology is that individuals know they are being tested and might subconsciously act differently than they would in a normal setting. Although Korgen and White [2011:37] say “As much as possible I would create a controlled environment in which almost nothing can affect the outcome”, there are always internal factors that are impossible to completely control and those can end us biasing the experiment. Fieldwork is different from classic experiments in that you go out into the real world and examine...
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...research is mainly concerned with quantifying the relationship to identify a cause effect relationship. Explanatory research is conducted through controlled experiments and is supported by quantitative data that promotes comparison and statistical analysis. Research strategies will assist in answering research questions that need to be investigated. The research strategy defines whether primary research is carried out or if existing research will be used. The most promising research strategies include: • Surveys • Case Studies • Experiments / Quasi Experiments Surveys Survey research is used to elicit information through questioning in order to determine the characteristics of selected populations on one or more variables. Surveys can be categorized as a verbal survey (interview) or a written survey (questionnaire). Survey research is frequently used in social science research, commercial setting and market research. A survey can be used to gather both qualitative and quantitative data through open ended questions. A survey can be done online, telephonically or face to face and is be aimed at a target group. Data collected from surveys is analyzed to produce results that can be useful when investigating the research questions. According to Dr Rick Yount (Yount 2006), surveys have the following advantages: • Owing the nature of surveys, target audiences can be accessed in different time zones and various geographic locations. • Information can be collected with limited interference...
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...In this experiment, we are going to obtain the result of one’s willingness to cooperate with a person whose attitudes are wholly the same or entirely distinct from the one’s attitudes. Consequently, with the result, we will be able to figure out that which has the higher willingness. And to be clearer, we can divide this experiment process into a series of steps. 1st step: Primarily, we need to select a subject to participate in this experiment, and then ask him to fill out a survey of personal attitudes, such as the question of Smoking, Welfare, War and so forth. 2nd step: After, we need to determine which group of the experiment are we going to be involved in (there are 2 groups for this experiment, the first is the 0% group, which is to acquire the result of one’s willingness to cooperate with a person whose attitudes are entirely distinct from the subject’s attitude, on the contrary, the second is the 100% group, which is to find out the result with a person whose attitudes are entirely the same as the subject’s attitudes.), next, we collect the survey from the subject, and we fill in another survey (which is the same survey) referring the original survey. For example, if the subject filled out that “I am in favor of smoking”, as for group 1, we need to fill in that “I am not in favor of smoking”. 3rd step: In this step, we are going to ask the subject to study the new survey carefully. And next, we ask them to fill out an interpersonal Judgment Scale to evaluate...
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...Contents Executive Summary 3 Aim 3 Relevance in Today’s Environment 3 Survey Analysis 4 Assumptions 6 Hypothesis 6 Multitasking: 6 Methodology 6 Task 1 (Sudoku Puzzle): 6 Task 2 (Word Puzzle): 7 Experiment 1: 7 Experiment 2: 7 Experiment 3: 7 Results and Findings 8 Interpretation 9 Are women better at multitasking? 10 Conclusion 10 APPENDIX 12 References 16 Executive Summary The question that is under consideration is whether multitasking is good and how it affects performance. Initially a survey was floated for the students of Indian institute of Management Bangalore which was done to get a general perception about multitasking among the MBA graduates. We found that a majority think that multitasking improves productivity. To validate this we conducted experiments in which subjects were made to do two tasks under three different conditions. In the first experiment, subjects were made to perform the two tasks sequentially, in the second they were forced to switch between the tasks and in the third they were free to do in their own way. Results of the experiments show that the performance was better when the tasks were scheduled (Experiment -1) than during multitasking (Experiment- 2). However, the performance was no better when the subjects were free to do the tasks as per their will (Experiment-3). Also, women are perceived to be better multi-taskers than men but the results did not show any significant difference for the same. ...
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...situations are all factors that can skew the results of any scientific finding. Sociologists must collect facts to support or dispute theories and to answer questions about social life. They use four major techniques for data collection including experiments, surveys, observation, and archival research. The first method of research are experiments which are the ideal design for scientific research because it best provides researchers with data that enable them to evaluate causal hypotheses. In these experiments scientists must attempt to control all outside factors, but that is almost impossible with people depending on what is being studied. Generally there is the experimental group which is being studied, then there is the control group which in neutral. Experiments allow sociologists to test the effects of an independent variable on a dependent variable. There are also field experiments which is when a study is conducted in a natural setting rather an in a laboratory, allowing researches to observe forms of behavior under environments in which they normally occur. In addition to experiments, sociologists also use surveys in order to collect data. Surveys are used to collect information that cannot be directly seen. For example surveys can be used to collect information for a study on people’s values, beliefs, attitudes,...
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...sought in the past. • It can illuminate the effects of key interactions within a culture or sub-culture. • It allows for the revaluation of data in relation to selected hypotheses, theories and generalizations that are presently held about the past and the present. b. Descriptive research • This type is suitable wherever the subjects vary among themselves and one is interested to know the extent to which different conditions and situations are obtained among these subjects. • The word SURVEY signifies the gathering of data regarding present conditions. A survey is useful in: (1) providing the values of facts, and (2) focusing attention on the most important things to be reported. • In this type of survey, it is necessary to determine the psychological and social aspects of research by way of application or implementation of evidence to recognize between facts and influence There are three main types of descriptive methods: observational methods, case-study methods and survey methods. This article will briefly describe each of these methods, their advantages, and their drawbacks. This may help you better understand research findings, whether reported in the mainstream media, or when reading a research study on your own. Observational Method (sometimes referred to as...
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...Experiments of Death and Dying of Patients and Love Ones Walter A. Jones ITT Technical Institute Abstract Aims and Objectives of this research paper is to find out how different people like nurses, medical staffs, and family members experiences the death and dying between patient(s) and love one(s). Background with this paper is that there are many people dying and that are patient(s) and close one(s) and the research is conducting what experiences that these people have after their death that been left behind. Design of this research is to have a qualitative group interviews with the nurses and medical staffs that want to talk about and public group interviews with love ones and also if they don’t want to do the group interview they can do a questionnaire survey to be anonymous. Methods of this research had taken place in the lunch room of the hospital for nurses and any other medical staff that want to do the group interviews or questionnaires survey over the course of twelve months and the same with the general people that observation had taken placed in a public library. Conclusion of this research is that the nurses and medical staff have a difficult time to recuperating from a dying patient(s) or death that occurs. It also relives that the general public that also took place in the research are more impacted on losing their love one(s) or the person that they care about for the people that volunteer in the research. Experiments of Death and Dying of Patients...
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...Does media effect a women’s body image? Rational The rationale of this experiment is to study the effect media has on a female’s body image and self-esteem. “Popular media barrages women with images that portray what is considered to be the ‘ideal body’” (Serdar, 2014, para.7). Society tells women what kind of body image they should strive for. The media portrays the ideal body as accentuating features such as eyes, breasts, bottom and legs. This image is based of the look of an average fashion model that is 5’10” and weighing around one hundred twenty pounds. These features do not apply to the average day women when in fact the average Canadian woman is only 5’4” and weighs about one hundred seventy pounds (Linken, 2009, para.3). These ideas are pressured upon women of all ages through every source of media. Television, bill boards, newspaper, radio, magazines etc. are all guilty of applying such pressures to females. Media is also guilty of creating a “cult of thinness” known as cutting girls down to size, infantilizing so grown women appear as children and objectifying women by turning them into objects, cutting out body parts and attaching them to objects in ads. It’s important to understand that the ideal body image that is presented by the popular media is not healthy or realistic. Should a female actually achieve this body image or weight, she would be classified as underweight. Risks associated with being underweight include anemia, nutritional deficiencies...
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...1) This experiment was a pre-experiment. Quasi-experiments lack random assignment and the participants for this particular study were, in fact, randomly assigned because there were found after having responded to flyers. 2) The hypothesis in the study was that smokers who watched movies that contained smoking characters would smoke more than if the all characters were non-smoking. The second hypothesis was that people who did not show interest in the actual storyline of the movie would smoke more (Introduction, p.914). One research question would be “Does showing actual interest in the movie make smokers smoke more or less?”. The second question would be “Will smokers be more or less inclined to smoke after observing smoking or non-smoking characters in a movie?” (Introduction, p. 914). 3) The independent variable would be the smoking or non-smoking characters and the interest level of the smokers in the movie, their smoking patterns...
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...Mini Case # 1 Markerting6943 There are various positives and negatives of the different methods of data collection. First I will look at surveys. Surveys have several advantages. First they are an excellent way to gather data from a large number of people. Because of this surveys are relatively cost effective, allowing the surveyor to reach a broad base of consumers. Surveys also tend to be a reliable form of inquiry as they are standardized and uniform. This allows for consistency with data collection. As with any method of data collection there, surveys also have a few negative aspects. Surveys can tend to be inflexible. Once a survey is written and distributed, there is no way of altering the questions. Validity is another problem with surveys. Because surveys are standardized, it can be difficult to ask anything beyond generalized questions. Observation techniques also have their fair share of pros and cons as well. One of the primary benefits of the observation methods is that data gathering often occurs in a natural setting. This allows you to see the consumer, and observe their behavior in an actual setting. When using observation you generally generate relevant, quantifiable data that provides an answer. One of the negative aspects of observation is that the method tends to focus on a narrow and limited scope. Although you are observing the consumer in their element, you don’t really know what is driving their response, you only see their actions. Another...
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