...topicmodels: An R Package for Fitting Topic Models Bettina Grun ¨ Johannes Kepler Universit¨t Linz a Kurt Hornik WU Wirtschaftsuniversit¨t Wien a Abstract This article is a (slightly) modified and shortened version of Gr¨n and Hornik (2011), u published in the Journal of Statistical Software. Topic models allow the probabilistic modeling of term frequency occurrences in documents. The fitted model can be used to estimate the similarity between documents as well as between a set of specified keywords using an additional layer of latent variables which are referred to as topics. The R package topicmodels provides basic infrastructure for fitting topic models based on data structures from the text mining package tm. The package includes interfaces to two algorithms for fitting topic models: the variational expectation-maximization algorithm provided by David M. Blei and co-authors and an algorithm using Gibbs sampling by Xuan-Hieu Phan and co-authors. Keywords: Gibbs sampling, R, text analysis, topic model, variational EM. 1. Introduction In machine learning and natural language processing topic models are generative models which provide a probabilistic framework for the term frequency occurrences in documents in a given corpus. Using only the term frequencies assumes that the information in which order the words occur in a document is negligible. This assumption is also referred to as the exchangeability assumption for the words in a document and this assumption leads...
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...Courtroom Observation Name School Class Professor Date The case being tried is, number 82A04-8876-CV-285, Deborah White vs. Patrick Gibbs and O'Malley's Tavern. The case is being disputed in front of the U.S. District Court in the Northern District of Indiana. Deborah White is the plaintiff and Patrick Gibbs and O'Malley's Tavern are the defendants. Deborah White's attorney's are Amanda Babbit and Jackson Walsh. Benjamin Walton and Jordan Van Meter are the defense attorney's. “The State of Indiana requires that a plaintiff meet the following elements in order to recover damages: the defendant must have actual knowledge that the person to whom the alcoholic beverage was furnished was visibly intoxicated at the time the alcoholic beverage was furnished, and the intoxication of the person to whom the alcoholic beverage was furnished was a proximate cause of the death, injury, or damage alleged in the complaint” (Gumprecht, 1). This case is to dispute the law in regards to material fact against the State of Indiana and to also contend the defendant's action for summary grasp. However, the plaintiff decides to carry-on to a trial. On a Saturday evening, July 28, 2007, in Gary, Indiana Mr. Bruno and Mrs. Deborah White entered O'Malley's Tavern. A gentleman by the name of Edward Hard, who was Mrs. White's ex-fiancé, was also there. Mr. Hard approached the White's after they entered the bar to felicitate his best on their recent marriage. He then...
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...at the Liberty University School of Law presented a case in which it went before the United States District Court for the Northern District of Indiana. The case number is 82A04-8876-CV-285 Deborah White vs. Patrick Gibbs and Stand Alone Properties, L.L.C., d/b/a O’Malley’s Tavern. The purpose of the courtroom procedure is to argue the motion of summary judgment concerning the case of Deborah White vs. Patrick Gibbs and Stand Alone Properties, L.L.C., d/b/a O’Malley’s Tavern. Deborah White is the plaintiff. Amanda Babbitt and Jack Walsh are moot court attorneys represent Mrs. White. Patrick Gibbs and Stand Alone Properties, L.L.C., d/b/a O’Malley’s Tavern are the defendants. Two other moot court attorneys Benjamin Walton and Jordan Van Meter represent the defendants. There are certain requirements that a plaintiff must meet to recover damages. “The State of Indiana states: the defendant must have actual knowledge that the person to whom the alcoholic beverages was furnished was visibly intoxicated at the time the alcoholic beverage was furnished and the intoxication of the person to whom the alcoholic beverage was furnished was a proximate cause of the death, injury or damage alleged in the complaint” (Gumprecht). The courtrooms process is intended to challenge the State of Indiana law concerning material fact. The courtroom also wants to argue the defendant’s motion for summary judgment. The plaintiff wants the case to proceed to trial. Mr. Bruno and Mrs. Deborah...
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...Courtroom Observation An Assignment Submitted by Sara Cotleur Liberty University Online Class Business 301-D04, Section 201320, Spring 2013 Deborah White vs. John Daniels and O’Malley’s Tavern Introduction The case in question is case number 82A04-8876-CV-285, between Deborah White as the plaintiff and John Daniels and O'Malley's Tavern as defendants before a mock U.S. District Court, in the Northern District of Indiana. The plaintiff’s attorneys are Amanda Babbit and Jackson Walsh while those of the defendants are Benjamin Walton and Jordan Van Meter. Mr. and Mrs. White went to O'Malley's Tavern on the Saturday, July 28, 2007, a tavern in Gary, Indiana. Edward Hard, a former fiancé of Mrs. White was also patronizing the same tavern and on seeing the two, he approached them to convey his congratulations on their recent marriage and then went back to his seat and resumed his drinks. The first defendant, Mr. Daniels, was the only licensed bartender working at O'Malley's Tavern. Mrs. White and Mr. Daniels confirmed Mr. Hard consumed four to six shots in about twenty-eight minutes after the arrival of the Whites. Thus Mr. Daniels had constructive knowledge of Mr. Hard’s intoxication. On consuming his last alcoholic drink he tried to leave and in the process tripped on a cue stick as he stood up but picked himself up. Mr. Daniel did not notice this stumbling incident and thus was not aware of the intoxication level of Mr. Hard and could not be said to have...
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...as possible towards them at election time through highlighting this priority. However, despite this political attention to providing housing particularly in third world countries, several problems still face many countries such as providing infrastructures, education, and health care services and Jordan is one of these countries. One of the most important difficulties in Jordan is housing, which manifests itself in a shortage of housing as a result of insufficient finance where the expenditure ratio on housing in development plans decreased from 25.7% in 1970 to 9.1% in 1992 (General Committee of Planning, 1997). In addition, the General Council of Planning report highlights that there are also finance difficulties faced by the housing sector (General Council of Planning, 2002). This research deals with the housing problem in Jordan in general, and discusses in particular the estimation of supply and demand functions. It surveys the attempts, which Jordan has made to solve the housing problem and their results, and consequently makes a survey of the procedures adopted by Jordan to attract international investment in a potential solution of the problem. It then considers what Jordan did to attract international investment for this purpose in the...
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...the two while explaining how and why they have become topics for contention among legal scholars. The focus of this paper has been on understanding the concepts and the importance they hold in the process of identifying a tortfeasor. The various tests which have been used in the past for identifying the cause and the ‘closeness’ of the cause have also been taken up. They have been discussed in detail using various case laws. The limitations of these tests have been explored as well. Under what condition does a cause, which may have been proximate, gets ignored has also been deliberated and discussed. Finally the paper is summed up with a general solution which can help law courts to decide on the matters in question without getting involved in the technicalities which currently persist. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION In order to understand the role of causation and remoteness in tortious liability it is imperative that we have a clear idea of what the term causation and remoteness imply in tort law. Very simply put - In a tort case, it is essential to discover whether there was some act or omission by the defendant which caused damage to the plaintiff. Thus causation aims at connecting an act committed by an individual to the consequences of the same act faced by another individual. Once a connection gets established, that is, once it is proven that an act caused a specific harm or injury, remoteness comes into the picture. Remoteness can...
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...UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Peer Reviewed Title: Technology and society : some insights on the development of metallurgy in the Southern Levant in the light of new dates of slag deposits Author: Ben-Yosef, Erez Acceptance Date: 01-01-2008 Series: UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Degree: M.A., UC San Diego Permalink: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/03f2f3vx Local Identifier: b6636008 Abstract: An ongoing project for reconstructing the behavior of the geomagnetic field intensity during the last seven millennia has yielded several new dates for archaeometallurgical sites in the Southern Levant. These dates shed new light on the dawn of metallurgy in the region as well as on the quality of technological development and its relation to social and political structures. This paper introduces the methodology and concepts behind the archaeomagnetic project as well as the principles of the applied dating technique. In addition, the paper presents the archaeomagnetic results, discusses the alternative dating of several archaeometallurgical sites and explores the implication of these results on our understanding of the interaction between technology and society in the past. For the latter, the results particularly challenge the "Standard View of Technology" (Pfaffenberger, 1992), and suggest a complex, nonlinear evolution of copper industry in the Southern Levant eScholarship provides open access, scholarly publishing services to the University of...
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...Commercial Banks Working in Jordan Anber Abraheem Shlash Mohammad Assistant Professor, Marketing Department Petra University, Jordan, B.O.Box: 961343, Amman 11196-Jordan E-mail: mohammad197119@yahoo.com Shireen Yaseen Mohammad Alhamadani Assistant Professor, Finance and Banking Department Petra University, Jordan Abstract The aim of this research was to examine the level of service quality as perceived by customers of commercial bank working in Jordan and it's effect customer satisfaction, Service quality measure is based on modified version of SERVQUAL as proposed by Parasuraman et al. (1988), which involve five dimensions of Service quality, namely Reliability, Responsiveness, Empathy, Assurance, and Tangibles. Customer satisfaction was measured by a nine item adapted from Walfried et al. (2000), 260 questionnaires were distributed randomly to customers of commercial banks branches located (thirteen commercial banks in Jordan ) in IRBID (Acity of Jordan ). Multiple regression analysis was employed to test the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction. The results of this study indicated that service quality is an important antecedent of customer satisfaction. It is apparent from the present study that managers and decision makers in Jordanian commercial banks to seek and improve the elements of service quality that make the most significant contributions on customer satisfaction Keywords: Service quality, customer satisfaction, commercial bank, Jordan 1. Introduction ...
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...اﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ ﻓﻲ اﻹدارة اﻹﺑﺪاع واﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ دور اﻟﻤﺪﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺑﺪاع واﻟﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺷﺮم اﻟﺸﻴﺦ – ﺝﻤﻬﻮرﻳﺔ ﻡﺼﺮ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ 72-92 ﻥﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ )ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺛﺎن( 4002 - Significant conditions in Employees Empowerment: the Case of Jordanian four Star hotels د. ﻳﺤﻴﻰ ﻡﻠﺤﻢ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻴﺮﻣﻮك اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ اﻷردﻥﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﺎﺵﻤﻴﺔ 233 Abstract Data from 95 frontline hotel employees in 10 four star hotel in Jordan show strong association between three significant conditions (communication and information-flow, incentives, and knowledge and skill) and employee empowerment. The findings in this research suggest that communication and information-flow, incentives, knowledge and skill and autonomy among hotel service-employees may have a direct and strong impact on the empowerment of hotel service employees. These four conditions accounted for significant variation in the levels of employee empowerment in four star hotels in Jordan. Levels of empowerment seem to further impact the level of employee job satisfaction indicating a significant association. Implications for future research and for management practice are discussed. Introduction In a competitive environment in which organizations must be faster, leaner, provide better service quality, be more efficient, and more profitable, an empowered and proactive service worker is thought to be essential (Bowen and Lawer, 1992; Fulford and Enz, 1995; Bowen and Lawler, 1995). However, delegation of authority for a long period...
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...International Research Journal of Finance and Economics ISSN 1450-2887 Issue 68 (2011) © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011 http://www.eurojournals.com/finance.htm Financial Performance Evaluation of Some Selected Jordanian Commercial Banks Ahmed Arif Almazari Department of Administrative Sciences- Finance Section, King Saud University E-mail: aalmazari@ksu.edu.sa; ahmadarif26@hotmail.com Abstract This study attempted basically to measure the financial performance of some selected Jordanian commercial banks for the period 2005-2009. It is evaluatory in nature, drawing sources of information from secondary data. The financial performance of banks is studied on the basis of financial variables and ratios. In this paper an attempt was made to analyze the financial performance of seven selected Jordanian commercial banks using simple regression in order to estimate the impact of independent variable represented by; the bank size, asset management, and operational efficiency on dependent variablefinancial performance represented by; return on assets and interest income size. It was found that banks with higher total deposits, credits, assets, and shareholders’ equity does not always mean that has better profitability performance. It was also found that there exists a positive correlation between financial performance and asset size, asset utilization and operational efficiency, which was also confirmed with regression analysis that financial performance is greatly influenced by these...
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...Westlaw HK Delivery Summary Request made by : USER IP Request made on: Friday, 13 January, 2012 at 16:21 HKT Content Type: Journals > ... > Company Lawyer Title : Criminal prosecution for insider dealing: a Hong Kong perspective Delivery selection: Current Document Number of documents delivered: 1 Sweet & Maxwell is part of Thomson Reuters. © 2012 Thomson Reuters Hong Kong Ltd. Page1 Company Lawyer 2010 Criminal prosecution for insider dealing: a Hong Kong perspective Rita Cheung Subject: Criminal law. Other related subjects: Criminal procedure Keywords: Criminal charges; Hong Kong; Insider dealing; Prosecutions Legislation: Securities and Futures Ordinance 2003 (Hong Kong) Cases: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region v Ma Hon Yeung Unreported March 3, 2009 (Hong Kong) Hong Kong Special Administrative Region v Allen Lam Kar Fai Unreported July 20, 2009 (Hong Kong) *Comp. Law. 160 Introduction In Hong Kong insider dealing can be defined as the possession and conscious use of confidential price-sensitive information by a person to trade, or unlawfully disclose or procure others to trade, in the securities of the company.1 The most significant step Hong Kong has taken to reform its insider dealing laws2 has been through the enactment of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap.571) (SFO),3 which came to the forefront of the regulation of the securities market in 2003. After 20 years of implementing a civil sanctions...
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...Applied Economics 1. Executive Summary The topic of this paper is business ethics within Gap Inc., a multinational retail – clothing company. The foundation of its corporate ethical approach is summarized in the Code of Conduct . This paper outlines the ethical problems Gap Inc. faced in the last years and more important, the solutions they found in order to remain a successful company. It shows how large companies deal with common issues like child labour and sweatshops. In the first place, this report points out several examples of the problems had to deal with. These points, among which an important lawsuit and documentary, illustrate that their Code of Conduct is not sufficient enough to name Gap Inc. a model corporation in terms of business ethics. Secondly, it is essential to make an overview of the resolutions for the problems that Gap created over the years. In answer to the critics on child labour and employee abuse, they launched a campaign in which they support several organizations. Furthermore, Gap increased its corporate responsibilty by creating several multi-stakeholder initiatives. The quick solutions Gap came up with show that a big company can limit its economic damage when ethical issues occur. To maintain this positive ethical image that Gap pursues, it could publish its new efforts directly on its website and close the factories that employed children. 2. Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 3 2. Table of Contents 4 3. Introduction...
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...Stress at Work A report prepared for The Work Foundation’s Principal Partners Ricardo Blaug Amy Kenyon Rohit Lekhi Contents Executive Summary Introduction 1. What is stress? 1.1 Defining stress 1. Explaining stress 1.3 Stress and ill-health 2. An epidemic of stress? .1 The extent of stress . The costs of stress .3 The victims of stress .4 The causes of stress 3. Why now? 3.1 Stress, work and contemporary life 3. Stress and happiness 3.3 Stress and social status 4. The sceptics 4.1 Problems of method and measurement 4. Putting stress in perspective 4.3 Therapy culture? 5. Legal and policy contexts 5.1 Stress and the law 5. Stress and public policy 6. Interventions 6.1 What does the evidence say? 6. Focussing on prevention Conclusion Bibliography 4 12 14 14 17 19 25 5 6 8 31 35 35 38 43 47 47 5 58 62 6 68 71 71 79 88 89 Stress at Work List of Tables, Figures and Boxes Table 1: Effects of stress on bodily functions Figure 1: Model of work-related stress Figure : The impact of workplace demands on physiological and psychological performance Figure 3: How stressful is your work environment? Figure 4: Overwork concern in organisations Figure 5: Self-reported Illness accentuated by work Figure 6: Estimated days lost due to self-reported work-related injury or illness Figure 7: Work-related mental ill-health Figure 8: Percentage of organisations where workers identify stress to be the leading hazard of concern by sector Figure 9: Percentage reporting...
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...Scientific Research ISSN 1450-223X Issue 27(2011), pp. 68-83 © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2011 http://www.eurojournals.com/ajsr.htm Banking Service Quality Provided by Commercial Banks and Customer Satisfaction Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary Associate professor of Business Management, Department of Business Administration College of Financial and Business Administration Al al-Bayt University, Jordan Rashid M. Alhamali Associate professor of Industrial Management, Department of Qualitative Methods College of Business Administration, King Saud University Saudi Arabia Saad Abdullah Alghanim Associate professor of Health and Hospital Administration Department of Management, College of Business Administration King Saud University, Saudi Arabia Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the constructs of service quality and customer satisfaction in commercial banks operating in Jordan. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses qualitative methodology, a face to face survey was conducted to test the hypothesis, thirteen banks were chosen randomly in Jordan with their customers acting as respondents to survey, a sample includes 453 customers of Jordanian commercial banks. Findings – The study finds that the order of importance of the dimensions of service quality tested here is: Assurance; Reliability; tangibles; Empathy; and Responsiveness. customers satisfaction are mostly influenced by the service quality. customers indicated high satisfaction with...
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...ISSN 0950 2254 ISBN 0 7559 2856 3 (web only publication) ISBN 0-7559-2856-3 www.scotland.gov.uk/socialresearch The text pages of this document are produced from 100% Elemental Chlorine-Free material. The paper carries the Nordic Ecolabel for low emissions during production, and is 100% recyclable. Astron B44477 12/05 9 780755 928569 Education The Role of the Social Worker in the 21st Century – A Literature Review THE ROLE OF THE SOCIAL WORKER IN THE 21ST CENTURY A LITERATURE REVIEW ‘Indeed we have only the most general ideas of what we are trying to produce, what constitutes the essential skill of the social worker, and consequently still more varied ideas as to how to set about it’ (Younghusband, 1959, p.28). Professor Stewart Asquith Dr Chris Clark Professor Lorraine Waterhouse University of Edinburgh The views expressed in the report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the Scottish Executive or any other organisation(s) by which the author(s) is/are employed. The Scottish Executive is making this research report available on-line in order to provide access to its contents for those interested in the subject. The Executive commissioned the research but has not exercised editorial control over the report. This web only report is accompanied by "Insight 25: The Role of the Social Worker in the 21st Century" also in web only format. Both reports are published by Information and Analytical Services...
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