...Minorities face so many inequalities on an everyday basis. They fall behind their Caucasian counterparts in employment, education, and even longevity. Moreover, minorities lead the categories of incarceration rates, poverty and overall population. I will discuss the most important inequality that should have the most effort put into it to be eliminated. Inequality in our education systems amongst minorities is an issue that every city in every state faces. Our goal as a nation is to help eliminate these inequalities in our educational system. This can only be done if everyone is on the same page and has the best interest for our youth, no matter the race. To understand the inequalities that minorities face on an every day basis, one must understand...
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...Mashell Chapeyama Business Administration Sociology Key words Racial inequality, ethnic inequality, geographic location, discrimination, cultural orientation Causes of racial and ethnic inequality This discussion looks at the causes of racial and ethnic inequalities in the world. There are a number of causes of inequalities. Some causes are geographical location and discrimination. However inequality is on the decline on a global scale. Racial and ethnic inequality is found in many countries where there are either many races or ethnics or both. In Zimbabwe there is racial and ethnic inequality. There are various reasons for that. Whereas my discussion covers what is basically in my country, I have also researched on ethnic and racial inequalities in United States of America as from 1950s to 1970s, and the current situation. One main cause of inequality is the geographical location. Some people who are located in most remote areas of the country normally become marginalized. There is poor transportation system, poor education and far of from urban centers where technology and industrialization is mainly found. These people who live in remote areas are cut of from the rest of the world. They do not access quality education. Hence they remain marginalized and backward. In Zimbabwe a number of ethnic groups are found at the borders of the country. That is the reason for the inequality. Another cause of this disparity is cultural orientation. Various ethnic groups...
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...For the greater good of this nation, the education system has to be reformed, as racial inequality is evident and the discriminatory educational system is becoming a self destructive factor on the citizens of the United States of America. In the U.S, public education funds rely on taxation of local property. These property taxes vary between different districts and locations. This variance of property tax revenues often leads to inequality of education due to lack of financial resources in the school to provide opportunities, facilities and programs for the students. This inequality of opportunities is evident and often leads up to broader, much larger social problems in the long run. According to the Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights, racial minorities are more likely, than their white counterpart, to be suspended from school, receive less access to math and science classes, and are usually taught by lower-paid teachers with less experience. (Rich 2015) Statistics from the date proved that based on the data collected during the 2011-2012 academic year, black students face harsher discipline than other students and are three times more likely to be suspended than white students. Young African-American students are also suspended and expelled at disproportionate rates, even students as young as preschool-level. Students of color also lacks the access to schools that offer a full range of math and science courses, which undoubtedly impacts their chances of getting...
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...He discusses poverty – insofar as he suggests that money affords one access and the opportunity to receive more; with more opportunity comes more access and more access provides social capital. This is what explains the lack of fluid social capital among the lower class. While poverty is not necessarily an issue of race issue but more so class, racial inequality & racism still very pervades contemporary American society. Structure & agency are also enabling agents to inequality in America; adequate agency is required to surmount barriers created by certain structural forces designed by society. Macleod comes to the conclusion that individual agency is ostensibly inferior to social institutions and structural constraints. One’s outcome is more dependent on their social milieu, more than anything else; this, he purports, is what accounts for demographic patterns of...
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...Los Angeles: A critical essay looking into increasing inequality and its root causes in the metropolitan area across the last 50 years Los Angeles is one of the most economically developed cities in the world and it represents a beacon of technological advancement, social progression and equal opportunity for people all around the world. Los Angeles (L.A.) was recently ranked 9th on the Global Economic Power Index (Florida, 2012) and 20th on the Global Power City Index that included criteria such as “livability”, “cultural interaction”, “environment” and “accessibility” (Institute for Urban Strategies, 2014). These ideas may ring true for some; however there are many who live within the city limits that experience a very different reality. In the last 20 years there has been an increasing amount of academic literature examining rising economic, social, political and underlying racial inequality within L.A. This essay will attempt to evaluate this literature so as to examine what inequalities are occurring and identify possible causes underlying them. For future reference within this essay, I am going to be looking at L.A. as the Greater Los Angeles Area, which includes the city of L.A. and other interconnected urban areas so as to avoid confusion on where possible boundaries are drawn and also to have a greater area from which to draw comparison from. Socio-Economic History Leading to Contemporary Inequality The situation Los Angeles is currently in can be attributed...
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...Rights Movement during the mid-1950s. He has made many speeches throughout the Movement in which he is best known because of them. During the Civil Right Movement the main goal of it was to end racial inequality. According to Merriam Webster’s Dictionary inequality means, “an unfair situation in which some people have more rights or better opportunities than other people.” Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” is the most compelling...
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...stratification- is systematic inequalities among groups of people 1. Wealth and income (social class) 2. Racial inequality 3. Gender inequality. Equality/inequality -Ontological equality -Equality of opportunity -Equality of condition -Equality of outcome Why inequality exists? Inequality in wealth and access to resources is generated by three processes: 1.) Unequal division of labor and/or low mobility across occupations. 2.) Surplus or abundance of resources 3.) The desire to accumulate wealth and assets Types of social mobility: mobility refers to movement between different position within a system of social stratification 1. Horizontal 2. Vertical 3. Structural 4. Exchange Why the class structure is changing -Massive growth in inequality between the rich and the poor. Called the “Great U-Turn” -Shrinking of the working class, with some growth in middle class and working poor. -Growth of poverty and the “underclass” -Rate of poverty is increasing twice as fast as population growth Why income inequality is increasing -Largely due to the increasing concentration of wealth at the very top of the income distribution. consequences of income inequality -High levels of income inequality reduces social cohesion, overall health, overall wealth, and education -Increases crime, debt, and political polarization Social construction of race -Instead, social scientists argue that “race” is socially constructed. Racial categories and the...
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...This is linked to the high school dropout rate and college enrollment rate. High-school dropout rates are least among Whites and highest among Hispanics, and college enrollment rates are least among black and highest among whites. Racial gaps in education are supported by the concepts of concerted cultivation and the accomplishment of natural growth. In the text, Unequal Childhoods: Class Race, and family Life, Annette Lareau illustrates how parenting styles differ by social class position and the effects of these different parenting styles on children’s growth. Parents living in the middle/upper-middle class follow concerted cultivation, which includes parents cultivating the talents of their children with questions and discussions and having children be involved in organized activities to provide wide range of experiences. Students are exposed to more resources and opportunities that allow them to be prepared for college applications. Accomplishment of Natural Growth is a parenting style exercised by parents in lower and poor class. Economic constraints put the focus on housing and providing food. The inequalities between urban, working class school and suburban school reflect inequalities in society: parents’ education and careers,...
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...According to the ideology of the American dream, the United States is the land of the free and its society offers the possibility of rising up the social ladder as far as their efforts take them. Being "free" means being able to control your own life, the directions you might take, understanding and determining choices. There are several social forces that limit our freedom. The main force, being able to make a difference in your own life. Education has helped me achieve a lot in life. For example, being in school has taught me how difficult it can be living on my own. It is a secure way of ensuring a steady paying job in the future. This has given me insight to inequalities by others not having the same educational opportunities as me. In class we discussed something called the "Myth of Meritocracy". The "Myth of Meritocracy" is the idea that peoples success and failures are a result of "merit"- if you work hard enough you will succeed in whatever you attempt to accomplish. Many Americans have managed to become socially mobile. James Loewen, social mobility is "the movement from one social class to another- becoming more wide-spread in America". This meant that people had a better chance to move upward in society". The stress on upward mobility is...
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...Social Inequalities of Sports The world of sports has so many different levels to it. In each separate sport, there are different levels that range from recreational and neighborhood teams all the way up to professional leagues. Getting all the way up to this professional or even the collegiate level is a very impressive feat that not many people can say they have accomplished. However, athleticism and talent are not the only thing that gets you to these levels. There are many other factors that have to do with how far you can take your sport and how far your sport will allow you to go. There are many different inequalities such as race, ethnicity, class, and gender that shape each athlete’s experience in their respective sports. The first is race and ethnicity. The conversation about racial inequality is currently a hot topic in the United States. However, over the last fifty years, the world of sports has made some of the best progress of any institutions. In the National Football League, two thirds of the league players are racial minorities, most of them being African American. Close to 25% of the league management positions are occupied by people of color. There were six African American general managers in 2012, and eight of the last 12 Super Bowl participants have either had a black coach or General Manager. The National Basketball Association also has a very good diverse athlete population. More than three quarters of all NBA players are African-American and people...
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...The Role of Race and Ethnicity in Society The fall of 2016 at California High School marked a turning point in the evolution of racism and fueled the issue of racial inequality in America. Students walked into the school bathrooms to find the words “for whites” and “for colored people” written along the stall doors. Staff members and the student body witnessed the heinous presence of racist graffiti on the white tinted walls of the school bathrooms. Blacks were pressured to enter separate stalls than whites and reexamine their status in society. Students and faculty members were compelled to analyze the role of white supremacy and the effects of racial prejudice throughout our nation. The notions of race and ethnicity have been negatively...
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...N E Q U A L I T I E S IN T H E U N I T E D S TAT E S THE ECONOMIC BURDEN OF HEALTH INEQUALITIES IN THE UNITED STATES Thomas A. LaVeist, Ph.D. Darrell J. Gaskin, Ph.D. Patrick Richard, Ph.D. September 2009 foreward Not everyone in the United States enjoys the same health opportunities. Studies show that minority Americans experience poorer than average health outcomes from cradle to the grave. They are much more likely to die as infants, have higher rates of diseases and disabilities, and have shorter life spans. As the U.S. Congress and the Obama Administration work toward enactment of legislation to reform America’s health care system, a central focus of the debate has been the projected cost of ensuring accessible and affordable health care to every citizen. While some have struggled with the premise that health care reform can actually reduce health-related spending, the experience of racial and ethnic minorities under our current health care system is a strong indication that improving opportunities for good health – and minimizing inequities in health care access and outcomes – may well be good for the nation’s fiscal health, as well. This study, commissioned by the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies and carried out by leading researchers from Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland, provides important insight into how much of a financial burden racial disparities are putting on our health care system and society at large. The researchers...
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...biggest misconception about the “American dream” is that everyone gets an equal opportunity to succeed. Racial inequality is the root cause for the lack of equal opportunity and it has been decimating society’s...
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...teaching takes place from the viewpoint of whites. Moreover, educational materials have traditionally either excluded racial and ethnic minorities or presented them in an unflattering way (Farley, 2012). To remedy this, a true multicultural approach to learning is needed. This means the cultural bias that weaves its way through the entire educational institution needs to be addressed. Thus, the current stance on educational tracks, bilingual education, textbook development, and testing needs to be reevaluated (Farley, 2012). Likewise, the influence of teacher expectations in regards to learning ability and achievement must be dealt with. Addressing Inequities in Education As previously mentioned, America is undoubtedly a culturally diverse nation. People from all different walks of life make this country their home. However, society has been slow to...
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...minorities. Furthermore, the main reason for this mass incarceration is due to the inequalities that minorities face in this country. In this literature review, an attempt is made to take a more in depth look into different elements of inequality through the views of various authors. It will include how inequality exists in employment, education, and the justice system, while identifying the link between these elements and incarceration. In addition, it will also...
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