...Critique #1 | Racial Inequality after Racism: How Institutions Hold Back African Americans | Melissa Bolton 5-15-2016 | Harris, F. C., & Lieberman, R. C. (2015). Racial Inequality after Racism: How Institutions Hold Back African Americans. Foreign Affairs, 94(2), 9-20. Harris, F. C., & Lieberman, R. C. (2015). Racial Inequality after Racism: How Institutions Hold Back African Americans. Foreign Affairs, 94(2), 9-20. The article chosen for critique is titled Racial Inequality after Racism: How Institutions Hold Back African Americans published March 2015, this article suggests "institutional racism" is a primary contributor to racial inequality in America today. Coined by Stokely Carmichael, a leader in the Black Power movement of the 1960's, the term institutional racism is used to define discrimination that "originates in the operation of established and respected forces in the society, and thus receives far less public condemnation than individual racism". The article sites recent social unrest in the African American community regarding the use of deadly force by police officers as a stark reminder that racial inequality is an ongoing social...
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...Race and racial inequality has powerfully shaped American history from its beginnings. Racial inequality has integrated into American culture and simulates a false presence of true freedom and equal justice for all. From the assassination of early Native Americans, slavery, black codes, Jim Crow laws, segregation, the civil rights movement, mass incarceration, to present day black lives matter movement, racial inequality is a hard barrier for the United States to overcome. The true impact of racial inequality in America is belittled. Racism in America is the unjust treatment of collective individuals based on the color of their skin due to historical contexts and systematic oppression (Baber 1). Racism roots from the belief of one race has qualities that defines it as inferior or superior to other races. Inequality is the...
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...Social Issues Position Paper Racial and Ethnic Inequality Amongst Blacks : A Economic Problem of Society Tameekah Myers SOC 1000-Comtemporary Social Issues Thesis Statement In this essay one will come to a better understanding of racial and ethnic inequality and why it exists. It is evident that Inequality amongst certain races is evident however it also linked to a variety of perspectives that account for the continuation of racial, ethnic discrimination and inequality. Inequality amongst Races and Ethnicity ▪ What is race and ethnicity? ▪ Should race exist ▪ Inequality among races Racism against African Americans ▪ Slavery ▪ Racial Profiling ▪ Stereotypes ▪ Causes and Effects of Racism Social status and race inequality ▪ Social/Racial classification ▪ Education inequality ▪ Labor/income Inequality Laws and Policies ▪ Affirmative action policies ▪ Equal Opportunity Policy ▪ Civil Right Act The social stance of American Minorities Now ▪ African Americans Conclusion In this essay one will come to a better understanding of racial and ethnic inequality and why it exists. It is evident that inequality amongst certain races is evident; however, it also linked to a variety of perspectives that account for the continuation of racial, ethnic discrimination and inequality. The story of race is intricate and may challenge how we think about human differences and race as...
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...Mashell Chapeyama Business Administration Sociology Key words Racial inequality, ethnic inequality, geographic location, discrimination, cultural orientation Causes of racial and ethnic inequality This discussion looks at the causes of racial and ethnic inequalities in the world. There are a number of causes of inequalities. Some causes are geographical location and discrimination. However inequality is on the decline on a global scale. Racial and ethnic inequality is found in many countries where there are either many races or ethnics or both. In Zimbabwe there is racial and ethnic inequality. There are various reasons for that. Whereas my discussion covers what is basically in my country, I have also researched on ethnic and racial inequalities in United States of America as from 1950s to 1970s, and the current situation. One main cause of inequality is the geographical location. Some people who are located in most remote areas of the country normally become marginalized. There is poor transportation system, poor education and far of from urban centers where technology and industrialization is mainly found. These people who live in remote areas are cut of from the rest of the world. They do not access quality education. Hence they remain marginalized and backward. In Zimbabwe a number of ethnic groups are found at the borders of the country. That is the reason for the inequality. Another cause of this disparity is cultural orientation. Various ethnic groups...
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...Racial Inequality does still exist in schools today because colored students get less access to experienced teachers, receive more discipline than their white peers and get deprived from educational...
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...Most of the students comments including Tkacik; about racial tensions all lead back to the same thing-Inequality, they all mention racial slurs, name calling, judgements. Regardless of the diversity portrayed on campus, or if it was voted “most diverse” in that given state, there is always an underlying perception that, racial issues play out, tension between races and the lack of knowledge about racism among students. I noticed that Tkacik generalized his statement, he didn't add a personal experience or a story to further back up his statement about the layers of hatred among the different races at JWU. He did not connect to the topic personally, which made his statement lack efficiency. All of the students from the University of Michigan, included a personal experience in their statements, while using racial slurs their peers branded them with. It has an impact on you, and allows you to take a deeper look into the topic....
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...Racial inequality a topic completely relevant today. The African American people have experienced all sorts of inequality for centuries. From being forced into a different country to becoming slaves for hundreds of years. It is proven that if you are born African American you will live a much harder life than somebody who is white. From police brutality, financial inequality, and social injustices. For years, African Americans have been fighting for their equal rights. The movie SELMA (2014) shows how the Civil Rights Act legally desegregated the South. Even with the ending of slavery blacks struggled to live a civilized life in the United States. The movie shows us the 3-month campaign that Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. led. King, believed that a second bill was necessary in all places buts mostly places like Alabama where only a short percentage of blacks were registered to vote. With such low amounts of registered black voters King as well as other SCLC members began protesting. On February 1st, Martin Luther King and Ralph Abernathy started a march of approximately 250 people. They all protested to the Selma courthouse for slow voter registration. At that point both King and Abernathy were arrested and had to spend five days in jail. Another activist Malcom X visited Selma and wished the best for King. It is after that visit...
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...targeting the ongoing issues with racial inequality. The target audience in my poster is any person or people have the opinion that not everyone belongs here if they aren’t all the same. Racism and discrimination is the major issue that is addressed in the layout of this poster, the poster is designed to allow the audience to appreciate that all people make the world whole, no matter race or gender. Racial equality is an ancient issue that links back to before anyone remembers, movements are directed to create a general respect for all races and to abolish the derogatory actions against humans of different races. Two different races are portraited in the layout of my poster, one is black and the other white. Although I chose these two specific colours I am aiming to reach out and address racism against all races. My choice to use hands holding the world come from the thought that we use our hands as we work and that an equal world can be reached if we all work for it, hands also represent the things we use to cradle what we love, and therefore this represents that despite the difference in skin colour, all of us love the world we live in....
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...Today in the United States, there is a constant race to get to the top. Whether that be economic, social, or political in nature is up to the individual. However, many people competing fiercely for these exact reasons do not see that large flaw in our system: racial inequality. Racial bias is running rampant throughout the country us U.S. citizens call home, and it needs to be eradicated. The issue is not that some are doing less work than others to achieve the same goal, it’s that as of right now, minorities are being discriminated against in almost every regard - whether it comes to finding a job or simply living life, there is another challenge around every corner. This atrocity in our society must be identified and dealt with accordingly, before it overpowers our common sense. In today's world, there is a large fallacy that minorities cannot find jobs due to them “not trying hard enough” or, “not having the will to work.” Not only is the struggle to find a job not their fault, it’s absurd how medieval the data sounds. A study by the National Bureau of...
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...When it comes to medicine certain individuals are not treated fairly for various reason, it could possibly because of your race, age, gender, and social status. I feel like when it comes to health care they always find a category to place you in for example maybe your not rich enough so your on the waiting list, or maybe your race is not as relevant enough, maybe since you’re a women your less important, or maybe your just too old. There's always an excuse for a person being placed in a particular category and treated unfairly. So society and your health care all depends on your social class and the color of your skin. Due to the fact that there racial inequalities in medicine, which is also know as prejudice. "Emphasizing the gradient should...
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...Elan Gale, supervising producer, are both white males; most ABC executives such as entertainment president Paul Lee are white as well. These people in positions of power have the wealth and resources to produce culture such as The Bachelor, and thus make ideas that are beneficial to them the dominant ones. It is not surprising then that the narrative of The Bachelor demonstrates and espouses the values of a white, upper class culture. The critical perspective recognizes how popular culture has a role in perpetuating stereotypes and molding human minds by controlling what images consumers see (Grazian 2010: 46). I will use this framework to demonstrate how under its romantic entrapments, the Bachelor insidiously promotes and reinforces the racial hierarchy by reflecting and promoting the dominant white ideology. A critical perspective is especially important in analyzing reality television, because these shows can give the appearance of reflecting reality and...
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...For the greater good of this nation, the education system has to be reformed, as racial inequality is evident and the discriminatory educational system is becoming a self destructive factor on the citizens of the United States of America. In the U.S, public education funds rely on taxation of local property. These property taxes vary between different districts and locations. This variance of property tax revenues often leads to inequality of education due to lack of financial resources in the school to provide opportunities, facilities and programs for the students. This inequality of opportunities is evident and often leads up to broader, much larger social problems in the long run. According to the Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights, racial minorities are more likely, than their white counterpart, to be suspended from school, receive less access to math and science classes, and are usually taught by lower-paid teachers with less experience. (Rich 2015) Statistics from the date proved that based on the data collected during the 2011-2012 academic year, black students face harsher discipline than other students and are three times more likely to be suspended than white students. Young African-American students are also suspended and expelled at disproportionate rates, even students as young as preschool-level. Students of color also lacks the access to schools that offer a full range of math and science courses, which undoubtedly impacts their chances of getting...
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...“Persisting Racial Inequality In The United States of America” When Thomas Jefferson and America’s founding fathers drafted the constitution, they envisioned a life of freedom and equality for themselves and every other citizen of the United States. Their vision had a huge caveat: only white men were created equally and held inherent rights. Our founding fathers immediately ingrained discrimination into the bones of this country and set the stage for years of struggle to achieve equal opportunity. After 185 years of denying equal social and economic opportunities to minorities and women, America’s leaders chose to act. The actions of John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson brought forward a plan called affirmative action: to address the under-representation of qualified minorities and women in higher education and the workplace. With a foundation that contains discrimination in its core, affirmative action did not come without controversy. It has been the central topic of notable Supreme Court cases such as University of California Regents v. Bakke, Grutter v. Bollinger, and Fisher v. University of Texas. Many who oppose affirmative action argue that race-conscious programs lead to reverse discrimination and group preferences over individual merit. Through arguments, data and research, it will be shown that affirmative action is indeed an effective remedy for addressing racial inequality in higher education and other institutions. Without it in this current time, large negative...
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...Inequalities in Society P1 The society that we live in today isn’t equal, inequalities can be seen in every corner of the earth and there are a whole multitude of different explanations and factors that are causing this. When we talk about an unequal society we are referring to the why one person can and will achieve things such as obtaining their dream job and or fulfilling their lives ambition. But another person with just as much drive and determination, ability and intelligence as the previously stated, one who is equal to any other but does not live a life that holds the same opportunities as everyone else. For a very basic example we state that individuals of different ethnicity will have their thoughts and desires held at higher or lesser importance purely because of where they are from, this is called marginalisation. Stereotyping and prejudices are often interlinked but they are different and both play the part in inequalities, stereotyping being the act of assuming an idea and or image of something or someone while prejudice is a preconceived idea or perception that is formed without any actual experience. Discrimination and labelling are also major factors that can breed inequality, treating somebody different or valuing them differently based on a specific factor about them or assigning them to a category for the same reasons. From all of the above people can develop an attitude towards and person or thing, an example of this would be that say an individual is...
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...Assignment 5 Paper Both freedom and equality are political issues that have yet to be fully resolved and understood despite our nation being founded on both. Although we as a society have glamorized our country as being the “Land of the Free” and where “Everyone is created equal,” there are still social issues that give reason to believe that we as citizens of the United States aren’t so equal and not exactly all that free. In the Dialogue readings, I have selected four of which I feel could be strongly applied to the political beliefs of both freedom and equality. In the “Self and Society” book complied of different readings and philosophical authors, I have chosen Albert Camus, B.F. Skinner, Horace Miner, and C. Wright Mills as comparisons to the ideas on freedom and equality. In Camus’ reading entitled “The Guest,” the schoolmaster named Daru is visited by a horseman, Balducci. Alongside Balducci is his captive prisoner, an Arab who remains nameless throughout the reading. Balducci instructs Camus to take the prisoner to police headquarters to face accusations against a supposed crime he had committed. Throughout the story, Daru is seen living well in his furnished and heated home that looks over an impoverished, cold and often corrupt land. This demonstrates quite obviously that not everyone is considered equal, as the rest of the land is cold and freezing while Daru is kept warm. Daru, who goes against Balducci’s orders, and remains true to his own personal freedoms...
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