...Germany to Jamaica » Rajputs Rajputs PRONUNCIATION: RAHJ-puts ALTERNATE NAMES: Ksatriya caste LOCATION: India (Rajasthan state) POPULATION: 120 million LANGUAGE: Language or dialect of their region RELIGION: Hinduism 1 • INTRODUCTION "Rajput" identifies numerous ksatriya or warrior castes in northern and western India. The term "Rajput" comes from rajaputra, which means "son of kings." Rajputs are famed for their fighting abilities and once ruled numerous Indian princely states. The British grouped many of these states into the Rajputana Province. Today, it is the Indian state of Rajasthan. Most believe Rajputs come from tribes in central Asia such as the Parthians, Kushans, Shakas, and Huns. These groups entered India as conquerors and became kings or rulers. They often married high-caste Hindu women or converted to Hinduism. By the ninth century, Rajputs controlled an empire that extended from Sind to the lower Ganges Valley, and from the Himalayan foothills to the Narmada River. In 1192, Prithviraj Chauhan led the Rajputs against the Muslim Mughal ruler Muhammad Ghuri (d. 1206) who defeated them at the second battle of Tarain, near Delhi. This firmly established Muslim power and ended Rajput dominance. The only Rajput kingdoms that could challenge Mughal rule were those in the great Thar Desert. In the eighteenth century, many Rajput states came under control of Marathas and, by the early nineteenth century, the British. Many Rajput kings retained a status...
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...tribes are a division of the Rajput community. According to the stories told by locals,in the battle of Haldighati, Maharana pratap’s army got out numbered and defeated by mughals, the soldiers ran into aravalli hills for survival. During Pratap's exile, he received much financial assistance from Bhamashah, a well-wisher. The Bhil tribals of the Aravalli hills provided Pratap with their support during times of war and their expertise in living off the forests during times of peace. Since, then the army never left the hills and been residing since then. ------------------------------------------------- During Pratap's exile, he received much financial assistance from Bhamashah, a well-wisher. The Bhil tribals of the Aravalli hills provided Pratap with their support during times of war and their expertise in living off the forests during times of peace. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Maharana Pratap From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Maharana Pratap singh | The Ruler of Mewar | | Reign | 1568–1597 | Born | May 9, 1540 | Birthplace | kolyari, Kumbhalgarh, Juni Kacheri, Pali | Died | January 19, 1597 (age 57) | Predecessor | Maharana Udai Singh II | Offspring | 3 sons and 2 daughters | Royal House | Sisodia, Suryavanshi Rajput | Father | Maharana Udai Singh II | Religious beliefs | Hindu,Rajput | Maharana Pratap pronunciation (help·info) or Pratap...
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...Road tehsil of Sirohi, Bali and Desuri tehsils of Pali districts, Gogunda and Kherwara tehsils of Udaipur. As per the history, the Garasias tribes are a division of the Rajput community. The colonization made the scarcity of lands during the time of the British administration, and the tribal people were marginalized and started living with the people dwelling in the forest. The further division was created by the nationalist movement in between the groups. Among the Garasias, the Bhil-Garasias are the part of tribes who married the Bhil women to maintain peace and harmony. This tribal community is divided in three sections namely the nanki niyat, moti niyat and nichli niyat and these sections have further clan divisions namely Solanki, Mali, Parmar, Raidara etc. The territory of the Garasia people is called patta and the smallest unit of the villages is termed as hamlet or phalia. The word `Garasias` is derived from the Sanskrit word `gras` that signifies the substance. The history says that after defeated by Ala-ud-Din Khilji, the Rajputs took flight to the hilly areas of Bhil tribes. The Garasias took control over the Bhil tribes and came to be known as Garasia tribal community. They have a link with the medieval Rajput community. Moreover, the Garasia tribes are popularly known as `the fallen Rajputs` and as per the popular belief is that these Garasia tribes can trace back their heredity to the famous Chauhans of Rajasthan state....
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...HM 327: CULTURE. POLITICS, IDENTITY Dr. Madhumita Mazumdar Final Project Report Gujjar – Meena Reservation Conflict Ganpat Meena 201001006 In recent times, identity issues have had a significant influence on how conflicts arise and escalate. Identity issues are those in which collective identities such as those based on language, religion, sect, caste and tribe, assume preeminence.Identity issues are not unique to India, they are a worldwide phenomenon although they prevail in a particularly intense form in today’s India where communities based on language, religion, sect, caste and tribe have strengthened their identities. Conflicts based on such identity issues often lead to violence. A recent example is the increasing conflict generated by sections of society wanting to be counted as tribes, as evident in the agitation by the Gujjar community and its opposition by the Meena community in Rajasthan. Ideally, such issues should be adjudicated by the institutional mechanisms provided for the purpose such as the National commissions for Scheduled castes, Scheduled Tribes and the backward classes and the decisions of these commissions should be final and accepted by all concerned. Gujjar or Gurjars — a farming and trading community — are classified by the government as an "Other Backward Class". They are part of the caste system that does not face as much exclusion or discrimination in society. The Gurjar community feels...
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...in North, Ajmer in East, Mewar in Southeast, Godwar in south and Jaisalmer in West. Etymology The word “Mewar” is a slang version of the word ‘Medapata’ which was the ancient name of the region. ‘Meda’ refers to the Meda Tribe who used to reside in the region now called Badnor and ‘pata’ refers to the administrative unit. The word “Marwar” comes from the word ‘Maru’ in Sanskrit which means desert and from a Rajasthani slang‘wad’ which means a particular area. Marwar is basically known as ‘The Region of Desert’. History History of both Mewar and Marwar is quite rich and somewhat similar as both were founded by Rajputs. On one hand, where Mewar has a history of wars, defeats, successions, and establishments, Marwar’s history is complex with no direct successions and Mughals and Rajputs ruling now and...
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...A Study of the Garasia Tribe and Strategies to Evangelize Them 1.) Overview of the Tribal Groups in Rajasthan Rajasthan is a state steeped in culture and history. Rajasthan, or the realm of the Kings, as it is known, is perhaps one of the princely states of all in India. Its history is abundant with stories and legends about its kings and rulers. In its golden age, the region was ruled by the Rajputs, and in their honor the state was known as Rajputana in its erstwhile years. These were the royal people, the Kshatriyas, the warriors and they were known to be fierce fighters, extremely proud of their heritage and position. But the state itself comprised of many other people groups, most of them tribal in nature. The state even now comprises of five major tribal people groups with many other either being the branches of these major groups or minor ones. These five tribal groups are Mina, Bhil, Garasia, Saharia and Damor. Of these tribal groups, the Minas are the largest of the lot with almost a share of close to 50 percent of the total population; Bhils come close with a population of 45 percent and then come the Garasias with a population comprising 3-4 percent of the total population of tribal people. The population of the Garasias in Rajasthan has been dwindling in the recent past because of their migration to North Gujarat. 2.) The Garasias Numerically speaking, the Garasias constitute the third largest group of the state of Rajsthan. Though they are also...
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...culture and art reached a zenith as compared to his predecessors. Akbar was 13 years old when he ascended the Mughal throne in Delhi (February 1556), following the death of his father Humayun.[4] During his reign, he eliminated military threats from the powerful Pashtun descendants of Sher Shah Suri, and at the Second Battle of Panipat he decisively defeated the newly self-declared Hindu king Hemu.[5][6] It took him nearly two more decades to consolidate his power and bring all the parts of northern and central India into his direct realm. He influenced the whole of the Indian Subcontinent as he ruled a greater part of it as an emperor. As an emperor, Akbar solidified his rule by pursuing diplomacy with the powerful Hindu Rajput caste, and by marrying Rajput princesses.[5][7] Akbar's reign significantly influenced art and culture in the country. He was a great patron of art and architecture [8] He took a great interest in painting, and had the walls of his palaces adorned with murals. Besides encouraging the development of the Mughal school, he also patronised the European style of painting. He was fond of literature, and had several Sanskrit works translated into Persian and Persian scriptures translated in Sanskrit apart from getting many Persian works illustrated by painters...
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...special article caste in the 21st century: From system to elements A M Shah The argument that while caste as a system is more or less dead, individual castes are flourishing is widely accepted. However, the notion of “caste as a system” is derived mainly from studies of the rural rather than the urban community. In this article, individual caste is seen in the context of both rural and urban communities and its several aspects, particularly the rule of endogamy as its defining criterion, are analysed at some length and some implications of the analysis are pointed out. n 1955, M N Srinivas presented a paper, ‘Castes: Can They Exist in the India of Tomorrow?’, at a national seminar on “Casteism and Removal of Untouchabilty” in Delhi, attended, among others, by such distinguished persons as S Radhakrishnan, Jagjivan Ram, Govind Ballabh Pant, V K R V Rao, Kaka Kalelkar and Irawati Karve. The paper was published in the seminar report as well as in the Economic Weekly (1955). After a lifetime of scholarship on caste, in 1999, the last year of his life, Srinivas delivered a lecture under different titles in Bangalore, Delhi and Kolkata, on the passing away of caste as a system. It was published posthumously in 2003 in the Economic and Political Weekly under the title, ‘An Obituary on Caste as a System’. Srinivas expanded this title into a sentence, “While caste as a system is dead, individual castes are flourishing” (ibid: 459). He made this statement almost at the end of...
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...The history of India begins with evidence of human activity of Homo sapiens, as long as 75,000 years ago, or with earlier hominids including Homo erectus from about 500,000 years ago.[1] The Indus Valley Civilisation, which spread and flourished in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent from c. 3300 to 1300 BCE in present-day Pakistan and northwest India, was the first major civilisation in South Asia.[2] A sophisticated and technologically advanced urban culture developed in the Mature Harappan period, from 2600 to 1900 BCE.[3] This Bronze Age civilisation collapsed before the end of the second millennium BCE and was followed by the Iron Age Vedic Civilisation, which extended over much of the Indo-Gangetic plain and which witnessed the rise of major polities known as the Mahajanapadas. In one of these kingdoms, (Magadha), Mahavira and Gautama Buddha were born in the 6th or 5th century BCE and propagated their Shramanic philosophies. Most of the subcontinent was conquered by the Maurya Empire during the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE. After the collapse of the Maurya Empire the Satavahana dynasty of south India and the Sunga Empire of eastern India ruled the major part of India in the 2nd century BC. Various parts of India ruled by numerous Middle kingdoms for the next 1,500 years, among which the Gupta Empire stands out. Southern India saw the rule of the Chalukyas, Cholas, Pallavas, and Pandyas. This period, witnessing a Hindu religious and intellectual resurgence, ...
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...Aviation Manufacturing Challenges Post World War II Jason Weber Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Aviation Manufacturing Challenges Post World War II I. Summary The American aviation industry was in an uncertain era post World War II (WW2). Aircraft manufacturers were suffering large loses as the demand for planes dropped sharply and the market was flooded. This created more supply than demand. Manufactures expected government sales to decline and braced for it. They hinged their hopes on the need for commercial aviation transportation which never came to fruition (Bright, 1978). The resurgence for the industry came in the form of the jet engine. The Navy, being conservative and resistant to change, did not see the need for the jet engine. Unlike the Air Force, the Navy had not encountered jet engine aircraft in combat yet. The Air Force in pursuit of superior air power and national security, was the greatest catalysts in aircraft advancements post WW2 (Converse, 2012). As advancements in the jet engine evolved, aircraft were flying faster and further. The need for stronger structural parts meant the need for new manufacturing techniques (Bright, 1978). II. Problem The problem is that airframe manufacturing was lagging behind the needs set forth by the evolving jet engine. The industry used hand crafting techniques that according to Bright (1978), “In the all-metal piston-engine era, the aircraft industry called itself the "tin benders" (Production: The Payoff...
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...Gujranwala also known as the "City of Wrestlers"it is an industrial city in Gujranwala It is the seventh-most-populous Pakistani metropolitan areas,[1] and is one of the fastest-growing cities in Pakistan. Gujranwala is 226 metres (744 ft) above sea level According to the Imperial Gazetteer of India, Gujranwala was founded by the Gurjars and renamed Khanpur by the Sansi Jatts of Amritsar who settled there; however, its old name has survived.Many historians also note that the place was named for the Gurjars who ruled the Gurjara-Pratihara. From the beginning of the 7th century Rajput kingdoms dominated In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin, in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of some western Punjab region. Eastern Regions of Punjab from Multan to the Rawalpindi in north (Including region of present-day Gujranwala) remained under Rajput rule until 1193. The Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire later ruled the region The Punjab became predominantly Muslim, due to missionary Sufits whose dargahs dot the landscape.Gujranwala evolved as a medieval town, and Sufi missionaries converted the local Gurjar population to Islam. Until the arrival of the Muslims little is known about Gujranwala, district gazetteer dates the name "Gujranwala" to about the mid-16th century. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh Empire ruled Gujranwala. The Sikhs dominated the Punjab after the death of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb...
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...Chauhan (Chahamana) by Muzz-ud-din Mohammad Ghori in A.D. 1192. The next instance of historical significance of Gurgaon comes in the writings of the 13th century Turkish traveller, Ibn Batuta. He mentioned the existence of some structures of Islamic importance at a place near Delhi, on the way to Ajmer. Gurgaon has been a part of the caravan route that linked Delhi to Ajmer through Jaipur and was an important trading junction for commodities in the arid belt south of Delhi. Thus, during the medieval phase Gurgaon has been under the control of a succession of rulers appointed by the ruling power in Delhi including Yaduvansi-Rajput and Muslims and later Mughals in this order. During the end of medieval phase, for a few years Farrukhnagar (a part of Gurgaon district) was taken from the Muslim Nawab, and Ghasera (also a part of Gurgaon district) from the BadGoojar Rajput Rao Bahadur Singh by Raja Surajmal, a Jat ruler of Bharatpur Kingdom in 1753 and held till 1763. Rewari was under Khoro clan heir rulers. During the Medieval period, Gurgaon was ruled by Muslim rulers and towards the end by Jat rulers and the Maratha rulers. Due to this continuous change of power, this has led to the presence of Jats and Muslims in Gurgaon’s population by the end of the Medieval...
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...Journalistic Public Opinion Jessica Lal Murder Case – Sue-Ellen Fernandes St. Andrews College TY BMM. 4259 Introduction Media is regarded as one of the pillars of democracy. Media has wide ranging roles in the society. Media plays a vital role in molding the opinion of the society and it is capable of changing the whole viewpoint through which people perceive various events. The media can be commended for starting a trend where the media plays an active role in bringing the accused to hook. There are different reasons why the media attention is particularly intense surrounding a legal case: the first is that the crime itself is in some way sensational, by being horrific the second is that it involves a celebrity either as victim or accused. The concept of trial by media is not a new concept. There have been many occurrences in the past where the media has been accused of conducting a trial on its own and passing a verdict even before the court does. There is a conception that the Jessica Lal murder case is was also a media trial. Case Study On 29 April 1999, Manu Sharma had shot Jessica Lal in front of 200 witnesses at a Delhi restaurant, Tamarind Court, where she was a barmaid...
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...'Spider-Man', which go on to achieve those numbers. This really kills creativity to an alarming extent, so I have always selected my films based on what I feel towards them," he said. "Like 'Taare Zameen Par' went on to do good business and I didn't know it would. I just did it because I liked the script. Also, I selected 'Rang De Basanti' because I loved the script. I did 'Lagaan' when the entire film industry thought it was a disaster. "So these films I have not picked looking at the box office collection, I picked them because I loved them. Later when they became box office hits, it was a different question. I do films if I like the script and not according to its business." Aamir received ample support from Anushka Sharma, Sushant Singh Rajput and Boman Irani who were also in the cast of...
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