...its characteristics”[1] that implies that a model is supposed to be a helping hand while searching for knowledge in any subject. Sometimes however models can appear to be quite confusing as they are to general or too far away from real life situations. So how and in what way models can help and hinder the search for knowledge in natural sciences, human sciences and arts I am going to argue in the following essay. In school we learn all our subjects with the help of models and especially in natural sciences we need them in order to assume what might happen if, say in biology, in a cell there is a lack of oxygen and we know and can explain with a model of a cell and of the respiratory cycle how anaerobic respiration works and what it does and needs. With the help of the model and through logical connecting of facts that the student might already have, he can develop the thought in his or her mind and therefore gain new knowledge about a theoretical process that was proven to take place in the human body. Another model, which however is not as accurate also in Biology is the Sigmoid Population growth curve. It displays the population growth of a species over a period of time that settled in a new place[2]. It is a generalised idea, which does not have to take place but is very likely to and has already been seen in various areas and populations even in human population. With the knowledge of this model people make assumptions about the development of a population which will eventually...
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...theory of numbers. Sophie grew up during an era where women did not enjoy the same privileges as women living in today’s day and age do. Women were not allowed to participate in traditionally men’s fields like mathematics and science. Sophie Germain once wrote: “This leads me to confess…fearing the ridicule attached to a female scientist, I took the name of Mr. Le Blanc in communicating to you.” Sophie Germain’s persistence and dedication to the field of mathematics helped to further the liberation of women mathematicians for generations to come. On April...
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...Mass Media such as films, advertisements and magazines are the huge influence on the definition of feminine beauty. From watching movie to passing through the subway station, it is quite often to see numerous images of female faces and bodies. Women are exposed in the world where most women display in films and on subway advertising boards are striking poses with little clothes on. Moreover, every image showed is airbrushed with Photoshop. Women are exposed with images produced by the media on what is considered to be the ideal face and body. The way media portray feminine beauty today changes the publics’ standard on feminine beauty and even how females view themselves. This essay will explain the impact of media in feminine beauty and how they portray it to women. Feminine beauty in the past and today There are a thousand definitions of feminine beauty Way back in the mid-nineteenth century, the ideal feminine beauty was reflected by sculptors’ pieces, the women’s nose and forehead run in a line which is indented by only a hair’s breath, the upper lip is very short, the ear is far back (Clark, 1980). The standard apply to one of the most famous figures, the Venus of Milo and many more. During the 1920’s, women aimed to hide their curves and wore bold make-up. And in the 1950’s, Marilyn Monroe and her hourglass figure were considered as the feminine ideal. As time goes by, people’s definitions of feminine beauty alter along. The standard is based on people’s cultural background...
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...and style of communication. It more often than not what we do and not what we say which bears the most effect with those whom we communicate. Non-verbal communication, demonstrates who we are as such shows how we feel about ourselves and others. It is therefore, critical that the effect of our communication be understood if we are to have meaningful relationships; home , work or play. The Effectiveness of Demonstrative Communication Maya Angelou wrote in her poem titled ‘Phenomenal Woman’; Pretty women wonder where my secret lies. I’m not cute or built to suit a fashion model’s size But when I start to tell them, They think I’m telling lies. I say, It’s in the reach of my arms, The span of my hips, The stride of my step, The curl of my lips. I’m a woman Phenomenally. Phenomenal woman, That’s me. Maya is clearly saying that her effectiveness is not in how she speaks but in her non-verbal communication. This is so effective that others are intrigued without a word spoken from her mouth. She goes further to say: Now you understand Just why my head’s not bowed. I don’t shout or jump about Or have to talk real loud. When you see me passing, It ought to make you proud. I say, It’s in the click of my heels, The bend of my hair, the palm of my hand, She is effective in getting her message across; he facial expressions, tone of voice, body language, eye contact does majority...
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...brings twin benefits by boosting productivity and raising income levels for those working in the industrial and service sectors. Thus, an increase in gross domestic product (GDP) is not the only determinant of economic development. It is directly correlated with human welfare factors. Hence, the economic growth models that we study examine the varying degrees of this correlation across different economies and highlight the underlying importance of savings. Out of the three emerging countries given, I have chosen Malaysia to discuss in my essay. Malaysia is a steadily developing economy that has been constantly growing since 2001 as can be seen from the chart below. And it has experienced a 7.2% real GDP growth rate in 2010, highest so far since the 8.6% growth in 2000. Chart 1: GDP Real Growth Rate Chart by Year (Source: http://www.indexmundi.com/g/g.aspx?c=my&v=66) As identified by the Spence Commission of Growth and Development, Malaysia is one of only 13 countries that have been undergoing 25 years of growth rates at 7% per annum (Cited from http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/articles/quah/ Article/, 1st October 2011). Malaysia has been prosperous relying on income from exporting its natural resources especially tin, rubber and palm oil and using it to diversify...
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...Essay one. Economics is the study of human behavior as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses. This definition is according to Robinson. While Marshall defined economics as a study of mankind in an ordinary business of life thus it inquires how he gets income and how he uses it. This definition clearly defines that economics is about studying wealth and mankind. The two definitions have various implications among them, is that human beings have needs which are unlimited and he can’t be satisfied completely. Meaning that man can continue to have wants or needs but means to satis. The other implication is that man has means of satisfying the unlimited wants using limited resources. The other implication is that man has alternative uses of scarce resources. Economics gives rise to scarcity and choice as well as opportunity cost. Microeconomics about scarcity and choice. the term scarce means limited in supply. In this sense all things are scarce i.e. they are limited in supply. Wants are innumerable, but the resources for satisfying these wants are severely limited. From this fundamental fact arises the basic economic problem of choice. While choice between alternative courses of action is at the base of much economic activity; the house owner deciding to spend money on either repairing or repainting property. In general resources are limited, i.e are relatively scarce, and therefore, individuals must choose between competing...
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...Comparing Nude Women of Art from different eras It is surprising how different female body sculptures from different ancient civilizations are. The diverse forms of human body also embody many different functions and meanings. In art, naked figures reflect a very complex set of formal ideals, philosophical concerns, and cultural traditions. In this essay I would like to compare two sculptures of nude women. The first one is the Venus of Willendorf which was built in Paleolithic Period. Another is called the Venus of Milo carved in ancient Greece. The female body of the Venus of Willendorf depicts enlarged breasts, buttocks and genital, which represents fertility, while the body of Venus of Milo, on the other hand, demonstrates beauty and perfect proportions. Despite the difference characteristics and styles between them, they both represent the different view of the perfect female form. The most widely known female figurine, the Venus of Willendorf, with only 11cm in height, is possibly the smallest female nude sculpture we know. It is one of the most obese representations of the Paleolithic statuary. The Venus of Willendorf can be dated back to approximately the Paleolithic period, around 28,000 to 25,000 BCE. According to some analysis, it was obvious that it had once been “painted with red ochre”, a symbolic substance commonly found in connection with burials and grave goods from the same time period. It was made of Oolitic limestone. Her thighs are also large and pressed...
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...role is to protect racist/xenophobic/homophobic pigs. Americans also have the "freedom" to own guns (though it isn't completely forbidden in other Western countries, just less easy), but this "freedom" is considered barbaric in most of the Western world and is even seen as a threat towards the freedom of others. The fact that it leads to high crime rates doesn't help. For some reason, Americans often seem to associate "Freedom" with guns and most Westerners don't understand that. Freedom of Religion is VERY different among "free" countries. Issues linked to Religion are also treated very differently. "Red Rover", the American Bill of Rights is far, really far from being alone. For example, the slightly older French "Universal Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen" is generally considered as the reference for Human Rights. As for the religious aspect of the American Bill or Rights, claiming it's a good thing is a matter of personnal opinion. That and its lack of universalism (it's only about American citizens) are probably the reason the "French" Bill of Rights is considered the reference. You (like other answerers) also seem to think that Democracy (and everything it implies politcally) is an American invention and that it only exists in the US, which is very, very much wrong ! You already knew money can't buy love — but it turns out it can't buy happiness either. The real key to finding happiness is personal autonomy and freedom, which, in many...
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...factors of development help analyzing cause and effect of phenomena identify urgent action 3. Economic growth is not a sufficient condition of development, because a) it does not help poverty reduction b) a country must also have an educated workforce c) there are several other aspects of development 4. a) b) c) Economic growth is pivotal, because it is easier to achieve than the other aspects of development it has a symbiotic link with the other aspects of development it helps generate savings for investment 5. a) b) c) GDP is not a sufficient indicator of development because, some economic activities are left out of the calculation large countries have bigger GDP it does not reflect how income is distributed 6. a) b) c) GDP per capita is a useful indicator because, it helps inter country comparison of living standards it helps to understand what each individual earns in a country it is a better indicator than total GDP 7. a) b) c) To make GDP per capita internationally comparable, they must be calculated in US$ they should be calculated in the strongest international currency they can be calculated in any currency adjusted for purchasing power in different countries. 8. a) b) c) The Lorenz curve is a good indicator of development since it tells you the percentage of poor people in a country the degree of inequality of income distribution the quality of life in a country 9. a) b) c) The Gini Coefficient is...
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...Mulvey theorises that visual pleasure in the mainstream cinema is largely founded upon a male gaze that fetishises the female body and positions the male spectator voyeuristically in relation to the film. To what extent you agree with this hypothesis? The ‘Male Gaze’ is a term that refers to instances in film, where the audience view a scene through the perspective of a heterosexual man. For example, a scene that focuses on a woman’s curves and these features are accentuated in some way, such as, purposeful camera movements or through the use of slow motion and/or cut-aways. The term was first coined by Laura Mulvey in her article “Visual pleasure and Narrative cinema”. In this article, Mulvey advocates that the use of the Male Gaze in films, causes women to only be admired for their physical appearance and therefore relegates women to the stature of objects, refusing them human identity. She demonstrates this by using film examples that infer a female’s existence in the film world is only in relation to the male, that she has no real importance, besides how she makes the male feel or act. Mulvey states female characters only serve two roles in a narrative: 1) As an erotic object for the characters within the narrative to view, and 2) As an erotic object for the spectators with the cinema to view. They tend to slow the narrative down; they give men inspiration to act, they are considered passive. Where as male characters push the narrative forwards making events happen...
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...Research Essay December 13th, 2013 How Women Are Portrayed in Music In today’s society, the genres of rap and R&B are one of the most popular forms of music. Conversely, the ideas and lyrics of many songs fall into these genres tend to be violent, offensive, vulgar and sexist. We can see that sexism in rap music is apparent through the negative portrayal of women found in both the lyrics and music videos. This is an important issue because rap is so popularized today that these negative depictions of women, especially African American women, is potentially giving its viewers the idea that it is acceptable to treat women in such demeaning ways. Most of the time, we do not comprehend the message that is being sent through songs we listen to. We as society need to become more conscious of the music we listen to. Over the years, rap and rap music videos have repetitively become more and more sexual and degrading towards women. Rap has been criticized various times for this reason. The excuses used to justify the misogyny in rap are inadequate and lack accurate support. The most effective way for this continuous cycle to end is if the fight and protest comes from the women themselves. Men are the problem in the objectification of women but in order for it to stop, women need to step up and take control of the situation. Misogyny and degradation of women does exist in almost every genre of music, yet the Elmhorst 2 one genre that completely revolves around belittling women is rap...
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...Gr.301 Russu Cristian Narrative Essay The legend of the Coral Island - NOPOMBALU The legend of the Coral Island - NOPOMBALU Once upon a time there were a handsome hunter, his name was Lawongo. In the jungle he only hunted wild hogs. The animals often destroyed the villagers' fields. The villagers were very grateful. With Lawongo's help, their fields were safe from the wild hogs. Lawongo was also very great in playing a flute, it was so melodious, like the night butterflies, dancing over the fire. Everybody always enjoyed listening to his flute play. One of the people was a beautiful girl. She always listened attentively, with those passionate eyes looking at him. Lawongo knew there was a beautiful girl who always paid attention to him. Lawongo fell in love with her. The girl also loved him, later they got married. They were very happy. They loved each other and promised to be always together. They would be together until they died. On one night, Lawongo had a strange dream. In his dream he was hunting a very big wild hog. The hog attacked him. He did his best to kill the hog, with monstrous tusks. He used his knife to stab the hog and it finally died. Its dead body, was as big as the moon in the sky that night. On the next morning, Lawongo went hunting. It was still early in the morning and he did not want to wake his wife up. In the jungle ha did not see any animals. He could not find any wild hog either. He felt very strange. He walked and he felt very...
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...Literature Creation Methods of Poe’s Gothic Tales ——Review of The Fall of the House of Usher 英81 高云君 2008012742 As one of the most famous works by Edgar Allan Poe, The Fall of the House of Usher is the a masterpiece in American gothic literature. The prose is full with of elements and details which are unsettling and macabre. It was slightly revised in 1840 for the collection Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque. Poe’s gothic novels have always been my readings before bed since I was younga child. In my childhood, following the unnamed narrator and walking towards that old and creepy house, I was immersed in the horrible storyline and experience the fantastic feeling of nightmare. Today when I look back on this literature work, I get some deeper understanding and . Ⅰ. Hellish environment setting ：Use of double space The whole environment and different scenes in the story are so hellish that the reader feels a kind of inexplicable asphyxia. I summarize some typical elements Poe uses to build a gothic atmosphere. Day: a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn. Location: a singularly dreary tract of country. House and surrounding: upon the mere house, and the simple landscape features of the domain - upon the bleak walls - upon the vacant eye-like windows - upon a few rank sedges - and upon a few white trunks of decayed trees. The precipitous brink of a black and lurid tarn. If that can be called the exterior space, then the internal...
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...moral character by looking at one’s face. A ton of phrases today still show the judgement of character based solely on face (high brow, snooty, shifty eyed). 1. Giovanni Battista della Porta, Italy, De Humana Physiognomia (1586) –wrote first book on physiognomy. Porta was in Naples, Italy, a scientist and mathematician. Based his ideas on animal characteristics. In his book, he compared certain human faces to certain animal characteristics, and then associated the characteristics of the animal to the human. 2. Johann Lavater (1741-1801), Germany, Von der Physiognomik (1772) –Popularizes physiognomy, from Zurich, Switzerland, and then moved to Germany. Trained as a pastor. Makes physiognomy a science, through the publication of his work, “essays on physiognomy”. In the book, he laid out 100 physiognomy rules, where a look is associated with a trait. 3. General theory –The belief that mental and moral traits (character) can be determined and judged by one’s outward facial structure (their appearance and expressions). One trained in physiognomy could diagnose character by analyzing the face. 4. Samuel R. Wells, New York, New Physiognomy, or, Signs of Character, as Manifested through Temperament and External forms, and Especially in “The Human Face Divine”(1866; 1894) –Based his career on writing books on physiognomy. He teams up with a guy named Fowler and form “Fowler and Wells”. Wells located in NYC, wrote a big book called “New Physiognomy, signs of character”,...
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...A&P and Araby John Updike's A & P and James Joyce's Araby share many of the same literary traits. The primary focus of the two stories revolves around a young man who is compelled to decipher the different between cruel reality and the fantasies of romance that play in his head. That the man does, indeed, discover the difference is what sets him off into emotional collapse. One of the main similarities between the two stories is the fact that the main character, who is also the protagonist, has built up incredible,yet unrealistic, expectations of women, having focused upon one in particular towards which he places all his unrequited affection. The expectation these men hold when finally "face to face with their object of worship" (Wells, 1993, p. 127) is what sends the final and crushing blow of reality: The rejection they suffer is far too great for them to bear. Updike is famous for taking other author's works and twisting them so that they reflect a more contemporary flavor. While the story remains the same, the climate is singular only to Updike. This is the reason why there are similarities as well as deviations from Joyce's original piece. Plot, theme and detail are three of the most resembling aspects of the two stories over all other literary components; characteristic of both writers' works, each rendition offers its own unique perspective upon the young man's romantic infatuation. Not only are descriptive phrases shared by both stories, but parallels occur with...
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