...605 Term Paper This paper will provide a theoretical framework to answer the question of why it is that people commit terrorist acts. There are many speculations as to why an individual decides to partake in terrorism. This paper will examine three theoretical models that may have some utility in explaining why an individual might decide to be involved in terrorist activities. One reason why a person would involve themselves with terrorist acts is theorized by Gottredson and Hirschi's Self-control Theory, in that, those individuals with low self-control are more likely to be influenced and involved with participating in terrorist acts. A second reason why a person may chose to be involved with terrorist acts is described by Wikstrom's Situational Action Theory; that there's a situational mechanism linking person and environment to actions. In other words, an individual's perceptions of action alternatives are influenced by that person's morality and executive capabilities. A third, and final reason as to why an individual might involve themselves in terrorist activities, is Stryker's idea of Identity Theory. It explains social behavior in terms of the reciprocal relations between self and society. In other words, society affects social behavior through its influence on self. This in turn will help explain why a person would commit a terrorist act. It is important to first define exactly what is meant by the word terrorism. Once there is an understanding of the...
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...TOPIC Education Can End Terrorism INTRODUCTION Terrorism stands as a serious challenge before civil society today . It is an issue of global concern which almost all countries in the world, both developed and developing, directly or indirectly facing. Terrorist are the greatest enemies of society because they undermine it stability by creating chaotic conditions leading to mass killing, damage and destruction. To avoid terrorism from keep spreading through the entire globe, we agree that education is the key. However, according to economist, terrorist organizations may prefer to use highly educated individuals as operatives because they are better suited to carry out acts of international terrorism than are impoverished illiterates since the terrorists must fit into a foreign environment to be successful. TOPIC SENTENCE Education can end terrorism because education can promotes self discipline of the individuals, it is the best tool to reach the youth and while people can be killed, ideologist cannot. BODY: 1. Education promotes self discipline 1.1 helps individual to become discipline in self regulation 1.1.1 Self-regulation is the ability to manage disruptive emotions and impulses, and to think before you react. 1.1.2 most terror attack happens without considering other people but only because of the desire to get what they want and Fuller their wishes. 1.1.3 Trained people...
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...Running head: POLITICAL ASPECT OF THE MASS MEDIA The mass media separating the world. Joseph jreige Notre Dane University-louaize ENL 110-C The mass media separating the world. The society accommodates three authorities which are the Legislative, Judiciary, and executive supremacy. After the intervention of the technology into our life there were many historical revolutions caused by political, economical, or religious issues about this technology. For the mass media, it went away from the revolutions to take advantage of this technical progress. It has been chasing a benevolent evolution to reach a point where it took a real capability to be the forth mastery in our society today. Using its power, the media is dividing the world into three parts: USA, Europe, and Asia with Africa, giving each its own characteristics. First the media using its power is giving the USA its own characteristics. One of these characteristics is that the people of USA are worthy of richness. They are the people who can use their money to produce a progress for their own society and sometimes for the whole world. We can see that America has been giving the world from its discovery till today many proofs to insure that it is the country that would give betterment to the world. Anholt, Hildreth, &Jeremy(May, 2011) orate "Putting a man on the moon may not have been intended as an advertisement for American technology, but it certainly worked as one, and...
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...Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with reality, existence, knowledge, values,reason, mind, and language Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument. In more casual speech, by extension, "philosophy" can refer to "the most basic beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of an individual or group". The word "philosophy" comes from the Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophia), which literally means "love of wisdom". The introduction of the terms "philosopher" and "philosophy" has been ascribed to the Greek thinker Pythagoras. The Main Branches of Philosophy are divided as to the nature of the questions asked in each area. The integrity of these divisions cannot be rigidly maintained, for one area overlaps into the others. A. Axiology: the study of value; the investigation of its nature, criteria, and metaphysical status. More often than not, the term "value theory" is used instead of "axiology" in contemporary discussions even though the term “theory of value” is used with respect to the value or price of goods and services in economics. Axiology is usually divided into two main parts. Ethics: the study of values in human behavior or the study of moral problems: e.g., (1) the rightness and wrongness of actions, (2) the kinds of things which are good or desirable, and (3) whether actions are blameworthy or praiseworthy. ...
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...Truman R Miller 18 April 2014 Cyber Terrorism in the Age of Modern Technology In June of 1983 a movie produced by MGM called, “WarGames” (1-1983) set off one of the most intriguing films based in what was considered the beginning of the age of home based computers. WarGames despite the obvious age of the technology, gives us an inside look into its paranoid Cold War opening tensions to the staggering moral climax. Directed by John Badham, this cyber-espionage thriller might also be considered a blueprint in cyber terrorism today. In 1995 some 12 years later another movie directed by John Badham called, “The Net” (2-1995) would give us another look into the emerging age of cyber terrorism. A computer programmer stumbles across a disk containing confidential information, then has her not so secured computer hacked into by a company owned by Gregg Microsystems. In the turn of events to follow, she has all of her personal information, history and financial records deleted, then to her surprise, later finds out that her identity is replaced to reflect that she is known as a criminal. Technology in the next 30 years will become more advanced and with it comes a plague of security threats the world has never seen before. The nostalgia of 5½ inch Floppy Discs, Commodore 64s, Apple II and Atari 800 computers being connected to by way of voice synthesizers, 300 baud acoustic couplers, mass prefix dialers, will be everything needed for anyone to start their own cyber terrorism...
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...Politics and Security in Southeast Asia: Terrorists, Gangsters and the State Name Course Date The issue of security and corruption are related because of how they influence each other. Over the passage of time, the security forces in various countries have compromised their ethical behavior to try and gain wealth. As such, they end up compromising the safety of a country and putting the welfare of the citizens at stake. It is imperative to note that the success of any nation or society depends on the security situation prevailing at any given time. However, the current situation in most of the countries is that of political corruption. Thus, the individuals in charge of security take bribes thus influencing the safety status of a state (Magazzino 2014). According to the constitution of any state, the primary role of the government is to offer security to their citizens at all times. Besides, they are charged with the responsibility of appointing the security personnel that will be in charge of those operations . Therefore, the government acts according to the mandate bestowed upon them by the constitution of the country to protect their citizens in the right manner. If they fail in such duties, the citizens have the power to ask for changes in the leadership at that time. Based on the previous analysis, it is evident that the government plays a significant role in the security situation in any given country (Perito...
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...tourism. If foreigners go to Mombasa and they like what they find there, they return to their countries with good news of what they have seen. The number of visitors to the city will therefore end up growing since everyone will want to go and see how good the place really is. As the number grows so does the profit grow. Tourist will not only bring a good name to the city but they will also bring growth to the economy of the place as a result of increased profit. After all has been said and done and the visitors have come, gone and later said what good they have seen, awareness is created and appreciation developed for Mombasa . Although tourism itself can disrupt or destroy ecosystems and environments, tourism can also be the very reason for conserving an unspoiled landscape otherwise susceptible to industrial development. This is so because, many of the animal park and the game reserves have been well maintained by the government because they are a tourist attraction .Various managements and tourism boards have been set up to ensure that the wild life is conserved and that they are well cared for .Other attractive scenarios around Mombasa have also not been left behind as they are also included in the maintenance list. The city has ended up being a beauty spot all thanks to tourism which has brought about its renovation and...
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...definition is that terrorism is an illegal act that affects an audience further than the direct victim. The tactic of terrorists is to perform acts of bloodshed that draw interest of the government, population and the world at large. Terrorists prepare their attack to get the largest publicity, selecting targets that signify what they resist. The success of a terror attack lies, not on the attack, but in the government’s or public’s response to the act (Larry, 2011). There are three views of terrorism; the victim’s, the terrorist’s and the public. The expression “one person’s terrorist is another person’s” freedom fighter’ is perspective terrorists would embrace. Terrorists do not regard themselves as wicked. They consider themselves as fighters, fighting for what they trust in, by any means possible. Victims of terrorist acts view the terrorists as evil with no consideration to human existence. The public’s perspective is the most unbalanced because people view terrorism acts differently. Terrorism is an essential part of mental warfare and requires to be opposed vigorously (Weisburd, 2009). Law makers, scholars and security experts have defined different forms of terrorism. These forms of terrorism vary according to the attack means the attacker uses (for instance biological) or by what they are opposing (eco-terrorism). State terrorism; states can be terrorists. States can use force without pronouncing war to terrorize nationals and attain a political mission. States take part...
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...Contents Page Contents ............................................................................................................................ i Student Information .......................................................................................................... iii Study Guide ...................................................................................................................... v Study Unit 1 Terrorism Basics ........................................................................... 1-1 Background of Terrorism.............................................................. Objectives of Terrorism ................................................................ 1-3 1-11 Terrorist...
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...THE ROLE OF UNO IN COUNTERING TERRORISM UNO ROLE IN COUNTERING TERRORISM ABSTRACT: The UNO is one of the most significant international organizations for maintaining world peace and security.Today this peace is threatened by the scourge of terrorism especially after 9/11 incident in 2001.As the main aim of UNO is to maintain international peace and security; therefore it takes the responsibility of countering this menance.This paper gives a detail of some of the resolutions, conventions and other activities that UNO has carried out to counter terrorism. The worth mentioning of these are the Global Counter terrorism strategy, Counter Terrorism Implementation Task Force and the resolutions passed by UNO. All the organs of the Organization especially the Security Council and the General Assembly are playing an active role. In this paper the main focus is on the General Assembly and Security Councils response to Terrorism Although there is lack of practical implementation but still a hope is there that by mutual cooperation and collective actions they would be able to fight terrorism and establish peace in the world. INTRODUCTION: The UN Charter provided the legal basis of the activities of countering terrorism on 25 June 1945.The states declared their determination to work together for maintaining world peace and security. The UN charter has been used as a tool to combat terrorism but with the passage of time this issue has...
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...without the sufficient support or knowledge. Regardless, there still exist those situations in which an ordinary police procedure can escalate quickly. For example, a traffic cop can stop somebody for a traffic violation then have to face a violent or threatening individual when trying to issue a ticket. Furthermore, there are dangers at a lower scale than physical harm. There are dangers related to stress and issues in the personal lives of these officers. Health is something that is seriously affected when stress factors begin to build on an officer. September 11, 2001 brought a lot of those dangers to the surface of reality. Consequently, the federal government has made tremendous advancements in protecting the country since that terrorist attack. In addition, local law enforcements have made adjustments and sacrifices in...
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...economic moving, nationally and globally, business relies on transport and transport systems at every level no matter transferring goods, transporting customers or staff commuting. From jet airliners to mass transit buses and rail terminals, vehicles and transport facilities are all-too familiar targets of terrorist attacks in all country and abroad. The impact of large-scale disruption of transport infrastructures can be critical for national and global business because transport systems have long been viewed as targets for terrorists groups worldwide. Also we will elaborate more on how terrorism can be spread or being use through the four methods of transportation like rail, road, aviation and maritime. For the incident strikes on the World Trade Center (WTC) in New York on September 11, 2001, this has exposed critical security flaws within the United States transportation system which required urgent attention. The first attack on public transportation involving weapons of mass destruction occurred in 1995 when the Japanese doomsday cult Aum Shinrikyo released sarin gas into the Tokyo subway system. Then we will explain about what are the factors and effect of terrorism behavior....
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...Why state Intelligence agencies engage in international intelligence liaison? 9/11 terrorist attacks, 7/7 terrorist attacks, Paris attacks are the implementer of what is called international intelligence liaison. These major terrorist attacks have put intelligence agencies in a place where they need liaison to face the problem. 21st century is witnessing the increase in globalization of intelligence. The phenomenon of international intelligence liaison is central to this process, it is an area where intelligence and international relations come in to connect. This article highlights the key themes that are currently developing within international intelligence liaison relationships. International intelligence liaison which may be defined as the the process of communication or cooperation which facilitates a close working relationship between intelligence organizations and law enforcing agencies of many states and countries. Intelligence agencies act as frontline of homeland defense and security. Right now, no any single state or country is facing the challenge of terrorism. These days international intelligence liaison is occupying space in academic research, political discourses and in state matters. As Adam Svendsen says: ‘Liaison today represents the most significant dimension of intelligence.’ It is high time for world to recognize and realize that existentialist issues such as, pandemics, overpopulation, climate change and now terrorism, are of global level. Therefore...
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...Exploitable Weaknesses in Terrorist Organizations CRM 363,professor Ryan Burchnell The Role of the Intelligence Community in the Exploitation of Weaknesses in Terrorist Organizations Ways to help prevent terrorism Cherie Sterling 6/8/2012 Abstract This paper will let you in on what is going on in the intelligence community today and what they are doing to stop the war on terror with all the different agencies and what theories they are using to help fight this battle/war. The role of the intelligence community/agency plays a huge part in the exploitation of weakness among terrorist organizations. In this paper we will see how there are many different theories on how the intelligence community can help stop terrorism or at least calm it down. Also to see how the different intelligence agency work together to help stop the war on terror. We all know that terrorism will probably never completely end, but if we are willing to understand and take charge of the problem at hand maybe, we come to some sort of resolution amongst all the countries. Intelligence agency has been working behind the scenes for many years without any public knowledge on fighting the war on terror. Intelligence agency is behind the scenes type of people they are not out on the battlefield fighting the war so to speak. The intelligence agency is a very tight knit community that works very close with one another they talk with each...
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...On October 4, 2001, British Prime Minister Tony Blair released information compiled by Western intelligence agencies connecting Osama bin Laden to the Afghanistan's Taliban leadership as well as being the leader of the al-Qaeda organization. Ultimately, al-Qaeda became infamous for planning and carrying out the attacks on the World Trade Center towers on September 11th, 2001, killing over 2000 people. The Taliban government gave safe haven to Osama bin Laden in the years leading up to the attack, and bin Laden’s al-Qaeda network may have had a close relationship with the Taliban army and police. So, an American-supported group not only turned away from American ideals, but sought to commit jihad (or “holy war”) against their original...
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