...Self-Study Quiz: What Can We Do About Antibiotic-resistant Bacteria? You Decide What Can We Do About Antibiotic-resistant Bacteria? Summarize, evaluate, and argue the validity of the data that demonstrate the problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Then present a plan for reducing this problem in the future. Keep these questions in mind: • What data supports the hypothesis that antibiotic-resistance is on the rise? What problems do you see in this data? Can you propose a way to overcome these problems? • Which methods have been successful in decreasing the number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains? Which methods have not? • What shortcomings or errors do these given studies have? Can you design a new study that would overcome them? Student Deliverable: |Summarize, evaluate, and argue the validity of the data that demonstrate the problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. | | | |Can antibiotic resistance be overcome? Let's start with washing our hands often with soap and water this will help to prevent a disease and | |also the need for antibiotics. Also, while handling food such as meet make sure meat is cooked though, and the food is handled hygienically. | |This will help with food-borne illnesses. We need to make sure to take antibiotics only if needed. What is happening is...
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...Self-Study Quiz: What Can We Do About Antibiotic-resistant Bacteria? You Decide What Can We Do About Antibiotic-resistant Bacteria? Summarize, evaluate, and argue the validity of the data that demonstrate the problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Then present a plan for reducing this problem in the future. Keep these questions in mind: · What data supports the hypothesis that antibiotic-resistance is on the rise? What problems do you see in this data? Can you propose a way to overcome these problems · Which methods have been successful in decreasing the number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains? Which methods have not? · What shortcomings or errors do these given studies have? Can you design a new study that would overcome them? Student Deliverable: Summarize, evaluate, and argue the validity of the data that demonstrate the problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Can antibiotic resistance be over come? What can we do?Let's start with washing our hands often with soap and water this will help to prevent a disease and also the need for antibiotics. Also, while handling food such as meet make sure meat is cooked though, and the food is handled hygienically. This will help with food-borne illnesses. We need to make sure to take antibiotics only if needed. What is happening is more often than most is, we tend to go to the doctor for the mere ordinary cold. But do you really need that antibiotic? A cold is a virus antibiotic will not help cure the common cold...
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...become infected by resistant bacteria.” Factory farms keep their animals in deplorable conditions, so they use antimicrobial drugs to keep them alive and growing at...
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...Response/Recommendation: Yes, autograft tissue should be soaked in an antibiotic solution prior to implantation during ACL reconstruction. Strength of Recommendation: Strong Rationale: Infection after ACL reconstruction is uncommon but can cause serious complications.1 Contributing factors that may lead to infection include diseases such as diabetes, smoking, increased time of surgery and tourniquet inflation, additional or larger incisions for arthroscopic portals and the use of a drain.2 The use of preoperative prophylactic antibiotic has been previously established to reduce infection rates in orthopedic surgery procedures.3 Traditionally, allograft anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts have been associated with a higher concern...
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...Antibiotic Resistance Essay Many things were learned while completing this study. I learned that education is one of the keys to reducing the amount of antibiotic resistance. Educating parents who insist on getting antibiotics for every sniffle on the danger of over medicating with antibiotics might help. Educating the general public via infomercials might also help them realize the dangers as well? Doctors need to stand their ground and take back the ground they have lost over the years. Realize it is okay to tell a parent in a kind way, “I am the doctor this is what I know is best for your child or for you.” It would be a good thing to cut back on the ability to get prescription drugs without a prescription. It is too easy to get on the computer and purchase drugs from overseas pharmacies. Make the penalty for doing this like the penalty for illegal substances. If enough people are punished they will decrease maybe. Some would have you believe the government does not control this problem as it is a way of population control, and if one is stupid enough to buy drugs without a prescription then the consequences are deserved. Ignorance is not an excuse. Although the conspiracy theorists are out there what is the truth? We may never know but as long as one does what they are supposed to there is no need to worry. It seems the FDA is already aware of the use of antibacterial soaps as a problem and they seem to be already addressing it but not allowing big name...
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...are easily overlooked, regardless of the tremendous impact they may have had on the world. One of such discoveries is antibiotics which have revolutionized today’s medicine. Perhaps my choice will match up with yours, or maybe it will be vastly different. The discovery of antibiotics has proved to be a boon a boon to human welfare but some also have the opinion that they are the necessary evils. We do have Alexander Flemming to thank for this discovery back in 1928[1], when he forgot to clean up his workstation before going on holiday after which the golden age of antibiotics started. Antibiotics are the chemical substances which are produced by various micro-organisms and other living systems and are capable of inhibiting the growth of or killing bacteria and other micro-organisms. Before the discovery of antibiotics, nothing much could be done by anybody and deaths on large scale were claimed. For instance Streptococcus pyogenes was the cause of half of all post-birth deaths[2] and Staphylococcus aureus was fatal in 80% of infected wounds and the tuberculosis and pneumonia bacteria were famous killers. Now, discovery of antibiotics has enabled the medical line of work to treat these communicable diseases [3] together with some that were once life threatening. These are also given to cattle to increase weight gains and for better nourishment [4]. Antibiotics can be bacteriostatic (bacteria stopped from multiplying) [5] or bactericidal...
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... and the overuse of antibiotics in today's populations is creating a problem in healthcare settings such as infections, increasing mortality rates, longer hospital stays and increasing cost of healthcare. The audience that I would like to focus on for my speech would be healthcare workers in general that have direct contact with patients, due to the fact that they would be responsible for proper hand hygiene to prevent spread of infections and monitor the safety of their patients at all times. The goal of this speech is to bring awareness to the spread of clostridium difficile infections in healthcare settings, its effects on the patient's, and ways to prevent the spread of cdifficile among the healthcare workers with direct patient care that could prevent harm to patients. Shana Roberson 2 What would you think if I told you that according to the CDC, one gram of poop contained one million germs? The first reports of Clostridium difficile, also known as CDiff was originally founded in 1978 as the cause of antibiotic induced pseudomembranous colitis, and according to the CDC, is now the leading cause of antibioticassociated diarrhea in healthcare settings. Research shows that CDiff infections are a problem in healthcare settings due to poor hand hygiene from all healthcare workers that have direct patient care and the overuse of antibiotics. In the next few minut...
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...Type of (American Academy of Pediatrics; American Academy of Family Physicians, 2004) or inappropriate Filtered Appropriate: This article establishes diagnosis and management guidelines for the treatment of AOM. Additionally, the authors make recommendations regarding treatment options for the symptoms of AOM and address the concept of watchful waiting as opposed to immediate antibiotic therapy. Recommendations are provided for clinical practice and were created using a systematic review of clinical research, making it an appropriate source for nursing practice. Research Evidence based guideline (Block, 1997) Unfiltered Appropriate: Primary research This article contains evidence up to date research...
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...gram-negative bacteria. It can be used on a broad range of bacteria. They are very powerful, very flexible drugs that can used to treat bacterial infections when the infecting bacterium has not yet been identified eg ampicillin, streptomycin. They attack without discrimination as to if it is a pathogenic bacteria or good bacteria. Broad spectrum can lead to superinfection by opportunist microorganism such as candida causing yeast infection. If broad-spectrum antibiotics are not used appropraitely it can cause great damage to the normal microbata., drug toxicity, allergic reactions to, and even lead to resistant strains of the microbe. Narrow-spectrum antibiotics, on the other hand, attack a specific bacterium i.e. just gram-positive or just gram-negative bacteria, or only a few, and can prevent the widespread of collateral damage to the body’s good bacteria. Novobiocin is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic that works actively against gram-positive bacteria but also against a few gram-negative bacteria. Narrow-spectrum antibiotics are also less likely to encourage superinfection however, the identity of the bacterium needs to be known in advance...
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...As we have sped into the 21st century, we have run into the issue of keeping up food supply with the demands of the growing population. To keep up with these new demands, large food companies have enlisted the help of scientists to engineer our foods to make them easier, faster, and cheaper to grow. Unfortunately, using Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) is bad not only for the health of us humans, but also the health of our environments. I believe that we should stop using genetically modified foods so that we can avoid liver disease, kidney disease and an increased risk of cancer in humans, and stop the rise of antibiotic resistance in animals and on crops. Throughout the past several decades, as we have funded the genetic engineering of our food, the higher ups of the food companies have turned a blind eye to the health risks that consuming engineered food have to us, and have conveniently forgotten to inform the everyday consumer of these risks. In “Evidence Grows of Harmful Effects of GMOs on Human Health” by Helke Ferrie, who has a MA in Physical Anthropology and has spent much time working with the World Health Organization, states that according to Canadian research “93% of all fetuses and their mothers tested were found to be contaminated with toxins associated with GM foods” (Ferrie 2) and that there is proof “GM soy products cause pre-cancerous changes to the ovaries and uterus of animals that consume them” (Ferrie 2). To begin with, the most important stage of...
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...Antibiotics have saved numerous lives since the innovation of penicillin antibiotics in 1928 by Alexander Fleming. Although, now there is a increasing anxiety that overuse of antibiotics can direct to avoidable side effects and the expansion of drugs which are mostly opposing bacteria such as MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). MRSA has happened to be the most frequent organism responsible for skin, soft tissue and surgical-site infections in the United States and in different parts of the Europe. Different findings had been conducted in a study of the genetic code of MRSA samples; they have added these samples to support to the theory that the introduction of extensive antibiotic use in the 1960s may have generated MRSA disease. Antibiotic word is an originated from Greek for anti, which means against and bios means life. A micro –organism bacteria is a life figure that is moreover good, living in our lower part of the canal near stomach and anus which called intestine, such bacteria’s infecting our bodies and making the world population ill. Antibiotics are a kind of drugs used to treat these infections caused by bacteria. Healthy immune systems can be destroyed by bad bacteria before they can cause disorder in the whole body which causing illness. Human bodies assault the bacteria by transferring white blood cells to the unsafe bacteria separating the good bacteria unaccompanied. Antibiotics are frequently used for higher respiratory infections. But the mainstream...
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...skin lesions (Rogues et al., 2007) to 36% in cases of reversal of stoma (Liang et al., 2013). Incidence of SSI can be kept low by simple measures such as rescheduling elective procedures in presence of infection; e.g.: Urinary Tract Infection, Respiratory Tract Infection which can seed Bacteria to surgical wounds (Ollivere et al., 2009). Prophylactic Antibiotics given prior to elective surgery remains debatable and of questionable value considering the risk of side effects, emergence of Multi-drug resistant Pathogens and Anaphylaxis, and therefore should be used according to guidelines like in patients with higher risk for developing SSI (Wright et al., 2008, Dixon et al., 2006). Also, procedures at certain body sites and those involving surgical reconstruction are better covered with prophylactic Antimicrobial agent (Rosengren and Dixon, 2010). Use of antiseptic scrub has been shown to reduce the incidence of SSI. Studies suggest that Chlorhexidine is superior to Povidone Iodine solutions in reducing Bacterial Colonization and SSI in postoperative patients (Paocharoen et al., 2009, Mimoz, 2010 and, Lee et al., 2010). Also, the use of Chlorhexidine Gluconate shower or bath for cleansing the skin by patients prior to dermatologic surgical procedures reduces the risk...
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...1950’s and 1985. This remarkable reduction in the trend was necessitated by a host of factors, some high tech and complex while many others relatively low tech and cost effective. In this essay, a number of such factors are discussed. Reducing Child Mortality in the US Through the use of such simple and cost effective measures such as the administration of vaccines, antibiotics and, where need be, nutritional supplements, the number...
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...nosocomial infections that can cause life-threatening complications such as hypervolemia, sepsis, pain, and peritonitis (Grossman and Mager 155). The recognition, diagnosis, treatment and inhibition of transmission of this bacterium are imperative in order to limit infection and prevent death. “Clostridium difficile is a gram positive, spore forming anaerobic bacillus, which may or may not carry the genes for toxin A-B production” (Patel 102). In the 1930’s, Hall and O’Toole first identified C. difficile as plentiful normal bacterial flora in the feces of healthy infants. Initially, it was not considered a pathogen. However, by 1978, researchers recognized that toxins released by Clostridium were found in the fecal matter of patients with antibiotic associated diarrhea and concluded it as the cause of the infection (Keske and Letizia 329). The fecal-to-oral bacterial route transmits this particular bacterium. The ability of C. difficile to develop spores, enable this organism to persevere in the most extreme environmental settings. The spores can survive on common surfaces for months, including bedding, toilets and skin. The resistant quality of this bacterium increases its transmission and reinoculation rate. Chronic inflammation in the intestines can be a result of the ingestion of C. difficile. The spores proliferate, and produce toxins A and B, after germination in the intestines. The introduction of the toxins cause diarrhea, which perpetuates the cycle of transmission...
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...ensure food moves through our digestive systems efficiently. It will provide water, which is essential for all body processes. If a diet is unbalanced a person is malnourished. This can lead to being too thin or fat and to deficiency diseases. Balancing the energy If you use more calories than you eat you will lose weight. If you use less calories than eat you will gain weight. Doing exercise uses up lots of calories. The effect of exercise on health Regular exercise keeps you healthy. It maintains a good metabolic rate. It requires energy so uses lots of calories. If they are not used up they are stored possibly as fat. Metabolic rate The rate at which chemical reactions happen in the cells of your body. One major metabolic reaction is respiration. This releases energy from the food we eat. Inherited factors affect metabolic rate: Some people inherit genes that give them a higher or lower metabolic rate than others. The higher the proportion of muscle to fat in your body, the higher you metabolic rate: Muscle cells use more energy. The more exercise you do the faster your metabolic rate: More energy is needed. The warmer it is, the lower your metabolic rate: We use less energy to keep our body temperature at 37oC. Therefore, the less exercise you take, and the warmer it is, the less food you need. Obesity Obesity is a disease where someone is carries too...
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