...The reason for the continuous rise and fall of populist policies throughout Latin America is apparent, yet the best steps have not been taken to put an end to the cycle it has created by those who oppose this style of governing. Oftentimes, populism is underestimated as governments view them as phases in the political process. There is an expectation that these waves will always have a short life cycle, where they will not be instrumental in creating long lasting political strategies (p. 121). De La Torre makes a reference back to the questionable European lens that is often applied to understanding the Latin American situation surrounding populism. The statement that what holds Latin America back the most is the socioeconomic factors surrounding the region does not give enough credit to the uniqueness of the political sphere that exists in these countries. De La Torre suggests that the focus of the study of populism in Latin America is best explained by highlighting contradictions of the government where rights may be identified by constitutions, but no action is taken to implement them into society (p. 124). To explain how populist leaders continue to reign in support of the...
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...| 2012 | | Core 8 [FOreign Policy in latin America](Paper taken to writing clinic: hannah) | | Every country’s foreign policy consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve its goals within international relations. Its goal is to interact with other countries and non-state actors. Foreign policies are designed by the government through high-level decision making processes. The US has been involved in foreign affairs with Latin America for some time now. How are the US and Latin America with Foreign Affairs? Are Latin Americans’ Intellectual Properties being robbed? Are Latin American countries being restored and growing? There are many other questions to ask regarding the foreign policy issues concerning Latin America. One huge problem with Foreign Affairs/Policies is the Drug Trafficking from Latin America into the United States. Cuba is not necessarily a drug producing country but it is a transit one. In 1998 nearly 7.2 metric tons of cocaine were seized in Colombia on its way to Cuba. Also, there was a 50% increase in drug over flight, which includes people carrying drugs as mules on planes and the dropping of drugs into American water from Cuban planes heading to the States (House Government Reform Committee) Castro had once said that he did not want the United States interfering with Cuban drug relations. Most American government officials believed him to be the main cause of drug transportation...
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...In countries like the U.S. family influence is not as strong and well marked as it is on Latin American, this is due to different life styles, culture , education and traditions that define each region and give them a unique essence and personality. This essence and personality based on the facts already mentioned such as culture, education, etc changes drastically a consumer’s behavior and preferences, and that is why it is so important to consider it when analysing our market. Let us now refer to the Household Life Cycle. for a start, the definitons given for household marketing on each place or for each marketer may vary for the place in which the marketer focuses, but if we were to focus on a specific place, the U.S.’s definition might be something more of a core social group that determines and defines our consumers. For example, on the U.S the Household Life Cycle (HLC) is not as long lasting as it is on Latin America because, as we said, in Latin American culture the family core is clearly stated and plays an important role on the consumer’s entire consumer’s life, since it was born until its adult desicions once they have reached independence. Once this has been analysed, if the HLC is correctly focused and applyed it can achieve great things, and a deeper impact on the consumer. As we said, the lyfestyle on the U.S. is radically different compared to that in Latin America, and that means that the HLC is also different in a place to...
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...‘The Motorcycle Diaries’ is structured as a series of sequential diary entries, with each chapter offering a new and worthwhile moment of discovery. Coupled with the inclusion of hindsight and reflection functions as a narrative technique that helps to highlight the self-discovery made on the journey. Through the text’s subtitle ‘Notes on a Latin American Journey’ and Guevera’s acknowledgement of his limitations ‘This is not a story of heroic feats, or merely the narrative of a cynic’ allows the relationship between the composer and the reader to be truthful and open from the beginning. The catalyst for Che’s discovery is the tyranny and arrangement of his ‘bitch of life’ that was ‘jaded with medical school, hospitals and exams’. This self-description embodied in his figurative language explains what Che was like prior to his self-discovery. He describes how he was quite naive before the journey which was largely based on ‘improvisation’. The title of the second diary entry ‘forewarnings’ and his reflective...
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...Written Case Analysis Case: Taran Swan at Nickelodeon Latin America (A). Harvard Business School Case Jon Goebel Question 1: Considering various behaviors exhibited by Taran Swan, what do you think are the two predominant personality traits that characterize her? Rely on the class discussions from Session 1. Highlight important examples from the case that led you to this conclusion. In the case study about Nickelodeon in Latin America, Taran Swan exhibits glimpses of each of the five personality traits, but the two traits that most clearly epitomize her dynamic personality are “high extraversion”, and “high openness to experience”. Taran Swan has a tendency toward “high extraversion” and demonstrates this in how comfortable she is networking throughout all levels and functional areas within Nickelodeon / MTV and parent company Viacom. She was dealt a challenging situation when initially asked to launch the network station in Latin America. Taran is given direction to solicit resources and support from MTV personnel, but these employees are not familiar with the Nickelodeon brand and hold obvious bias toward their own network (MTV). Despite this situation, one MTV employee still gives Taran very high praise for not only involving all departments of the organization, but also for offering the opportunity to contribute their own ideas. Taran’s tendency for extraversion also allows her to infuse a sense of camaraderie...
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...poverty, World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth. Escobar, A. (1992). "Culture, economics, and politics in Latin American social movements theory and research." The making of social movements in Latin America: Identity, strategy, and democracy: 65-82. Fine, B. (2002). "Economics imperialism and the new development economics as Kuhnian paradigm shift?" World Development 30(12): 2057-2070. Godard, P.-P. K. and J. H. Williamson (2003). After the Washington Consensus: restarting growth and reform in Latin America, Peterson Institute. Gore, C. (2000). "The rise and fall of the Washington Consensus as a paradigm for developing countries." World Development 28(5): 789-804. Hamilton, C. (1989). "The irrelevance of economic liberalization in the Third World." World Development 17(10): 1523-1530. Harriss, J., et al. (2003). The new institutional economics and Third World development, Routledge. Helleiner, G. K. (1992). "The IMF, the World Bank and Africa's adjustment and external debt problems: An unofficial view." World Development 20(6): 779-792. Husain, I. and R. Faruquee (1994). Adjustment in Africa: Lessons from country case studies, World Bank-free PDF. Lal, D. (2000). The poverty of development economics, mit Press. Loxley, J. (1990). "Structural adjustment in Africa: reflections on Ghana and Zambia." Review of African Political Economy 17(47): 8-27. Mavroudeas, S. and D. Papadatos (2007). "Reform, reform...
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...observations and my overall reflection. The paper will conclude with how this experience affects my view of diversity in K-20 education. Multicultural Immersion Experience Salsa dancing is an internationally known dance style which originated in Cuba. When African drum rhythms came to the new world through slave trade, the blend of drum rhythms mixed with official Cuban music emerged a variety of sounds and dance moves. A style known as the Cuban son gained a lot of popularity and played a central part of Afro-Cuban music. Radio Broadcasting came to Cuba in 1922 along with Americans seeking to escape prohibition laws. This exposed a large population of westerners to Cuban son and for the first time, Afro-Caribbean music became popular in America. Renamed the Rumba, the music and dancing begin to appear in American salons in the 1930s and is still a popular style today among ballroom dancers. The Rumba in many ways looks like a slower version of salsa. It's got some of the footwork elements, the Cuban hip motion, and arm styling (Articlesbase, 2009). In short, Africans were brought over to Cuba as a result of the slave trade. Their music blended with that of the Cubans and a union between the clave and African drums was now formed. Mambo came along which was brought to America and introduced with the big band sound by adding brass instruments. The Mambo dance style incorporated elements of ballroom, swing, jazz, and tap while preserving its Latin steps. New York's Puerto...
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...The silence surrounding the movement is also a reflection of how the Haitian movement has been overlook as a historical event that has created implications in written history, “The less colonialism and racism seem important in world history, the less important also the Haitian Revolution.” Thus the ontological framework establish of what is or isn't important and that has not only prevented a discourse but also perpetuated the silence surrounding the Haitian revolution. The silence sheds light on the West incapability to conceptualize anything outside its realm, “The general silence that Western historiography has produced around the Haitian Revolution originally stemmed from the incapacity to express the significance of the revolution for its contemporary and for the generation immediately following...
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...Latin America, out of IMF’s control World Economy and Latin America 20 December, 2011 Contents Introduction Past relationship between Latin America and IMF How LAC could get out of IMF’s control Conclusion Introduction Latin America was a volatile region with a history of exceptionally high inflation rates, substantial macroeconomic instability, and a record of unsuccessful monetary and fiscal stabilizations. However, during the past decade, Latin America’s economy has strengthened their body and benefited from high exports, strong economic growth in its trading partners and good global financial conditions and domestic policies. All of this is related with international financial institutions and one of IFIs, International Monetary Fund had affected in currency perspective in the region. In this paper, I will search the changing relationship between Latin America and one of IFIs, IMF whose role is so involved with Latin America’s economy. The first session will explain the relevance between the region and IMF and in the following part, there will be the reasons that Latin America could escape from IMF’s control. Past relationship between Latin America and IMF The IMF was set up to assist countries that had temporary current account deficits and lacked a sufficient quantity of official reserve assets to support a fixed exchange rate. However, the slow motion collapse of the fixed exchange rate system in the 1970s created an odd situation for the IMF. At about the...
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...Bibliography Clendinnen, Inga. Review of Ambivalent Conquests: Maya and Spaniard in Yucatan, 1517-1570, by Linda A. Newson. Journal of Latin American Studies 21, no. 1 (February 1989): 150-1. Accessed 2 April 2011. http://www.jstor.org/stable/157255. Diamond, Jared. Review of Guns, Germs, and Steel, by Brian Ferguson. American Anthropologist 101, no. 4 (December 1999): 900-1. Govan, Thomas P. “The Rich, the Well-born, and Alexander Hamilton.” The Mississippi Valley Historical Review 36, no. 4 (March 1950): 675-80. Accessed 1 September 2009. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1895524. Keene, Jennifer D., Cornell, Saul, and Edward T. O’Donnell. “Growth, Slavery, and Conflict: Colonial America, 1710-1763.” In Visions of America: A History of the United States, Second Edition 1. Chapter 3. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc., 2013. Merrell, James H. Into the American Woods: Negotiators on the Pennsylvania Frontier. New York: W. W. Norton & Company Inc., 1999. Murrin, John M. “The French and Indian War, the American Revolution, and the Counterfactual Hypothesis: Reflections on Lawrence Henry Gipson and John Shy.” Reviews in American History 1, no. 3 (September 1973): 307-18. Newcomb, Benjamin H. “Effects of the Stamp Act on Colonial Pennsylvania Politics.” The William and Mary Quarterly, Third Series 23, no. 2 (April 1966): 257-72. Rakove, Jack. “The Legacy of the Articles of Confederation.” Publius 12, no. 4 (Autumn 1982): 45-66. Accessed 14 October 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3329662...
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...Introduction The Cuban Missile Crisis originated because of a number of different issues, stemming from the ongoing struggle between The United States of America and The Soviet Union and between Capitalism and Communism. There were various events and circumstances which caused this standoff. Firstly, the decision to place missiles on Cuban soil was taken by the Soviets as a means to offset their strategic inferiority. The second main cause was the fact that America felt threatened by a Castro lead Communist Cuba. Their continued efforts to oust Castro, was a significant factor in creating a very real fear in Castro of a US invasion of Cuba. This led him to form strong bonds with the Soviets and subsequently allowing them to place missiles in Cuba. We also look at Americas failed attempt to remove Castro with their ‘Bay of Pigs’, invasion of Cuba, in 1961. A final factor in the cause of the crisis is the possibility of the Soviets using the missiles as a means of strengthening their power, with regards to negotiating with America in matters outside of Cuba. The first aspect to look at when dealing with this question is Soviet insecurity and strategic inferiority with the US. The Soviets had many reasons to feel insecure or threatened in the period directly preceding the Cuban Missile Crisis. Khrushchev had long known that the Soviets had a disproportionally lower amount of missiles than the Americans, however it was not until after events surrounding the building of the Berlin...
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...The Social Concept of Self-Awareness as Relate to Ana Menendez’s Traveling Madness Ana Menendez is a journalist and an ardent scholar. She was born in 1970 and grew up in Florida after her parents had fled from Cuba in 1964 during the Cuban Revolution. Her family having first settled in Los Angeles, California, Menendez could not speak any other language apart from Spanish until she enrolled in Kindergarten. However, she later moved with her family to Florida where she attended high school and thereafter joined Florida International University from where she graduated with a Bachelor’s Degree in Arts in 1992. Her story Traveling Madness basically involves four main characters who are all “dreamers”. The story is based on and highlights the plight and disillusionment visited on the Cuban population by the communist party and the ways in which different people dealt with the economic and social adversities that typified the era of communism in Cuba. Self-aware of the dangers that confronted them, some wished to fly away to the moon; others desired to set sail and vanish; and others actually thought they could drill a hole from Havana to Miami (Delbanco and Cheuse) From the foregoing, while self-awareness is a critical aspect of personal development and self-exploration, it does not always bear positive fruits – sometimes it acts as a source of frustration, conflict and stress. In spite of her age, Menendez has proven herself to be a prolific fiction writer; a fact attested to...
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...1-428-664 February 2008 A Moment of Reflection DO Coffee and Ethiopia Schultz commented: “We’ve learned that perhaps one of the reasons that the NGO (nongovernmental organization) is involved in this is because they’re in a membership drive, and perhaps Starbucks is being used as a foil.” What would this allegation do to Oxfam’s brand? Oxfam’s members were frequently asked to act upon issues of economic injustice. Would Schultz’s comment cause them to doubt Oxfam’s credibility? And what about the Ethiopian coffee campaign? Should they continue pursuing the campaign? The last thing Oxfam wanted to do was get into a spitting match with Starbucks, an organization that had once partnered with Oxfam to raise awareness about coffee issues. It could take years before both sides came to an agreement, and Petchers wondered whether pressing this issue would damage all of Oxfam’s efforts. Petchers knew that people were watching this campaign very closely. The way in which he proceeded would not only affect their efforts to support Ethiopian coffee farmers, but also Oxfam’s campaigns across the world. In 2007, it was estimated that US$9,167,691 worth of unroasted, caffeinated coffee entered the global marketplace.1 This coffee is grown in approximately 53 countries, all located along the equator between the tropic of Cancer and the tropic of Capricorn.2 The three most prominent regions for the exportation of coffee beans are Latin America (accounting for 65.75% of global coffee...
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...issues are uncertainties which are high dangers that affect a company seriously. A company should have valid preparation for facing complex external environment. Decision maker should scheme a flexible plan to handle uncertainties in business running. Nevertheless, some companies and managers might address threats unsuccessfully due to mistaken strategies. The case of Tony is a typical failed example for facing problems. The article will analyse mistakes made by Tony and provide solutions for Tony’s company. Tony’s company is a medium monitoring equipment maker in the UK which has no exporting experience in the past (Kerr, W. A. and Perdikis, N, 1995). It received a great potential order regarding monitors from a chain of hospitals in a Latin American country which was larger than the existing producing capacity of the company (Kerr, W. A. and Perdikis, N, 1995). Before accepting the contract, Tony made a business plan which included seeking new cheaper supplier, financial assistance...
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...THE ST. VINCENT AND THE GRENDAINES COMMUNITY COLLEGE DIVISION OF TEACHER EDUCATION PHILOSPHY AND SOCIAL FOUNDATION IN EDUCATION JBTE/EDSF MRS. FRANCES WILLIAMS THE FEMINIZATION OF THE TEACHING PROFESSION JONATHAN ROBERTS 22 NOVEMBER, 2012 CONTENTS Content Page Course Work 3 Discussion 4 Bibliography 11 COURSE WORK Discuss the causes and impact of the following on education in the Caribbean: Either: * The feminization of the teaching profession; Or: * Differences between male and female achievement in the education system. Include discussion on the causes/development and the consequences of the issues and make suggestions on how to solve these problems. Length of essay 2000 words (7 pages, line space of 1.5). References must be included and are not part of the word count. This is an individual effort. Date due: 20 November, 2012. (TOTAL: 25 MARKS) Discussion The feminization of the teaching profession For over a century, women and the ‘feminization’ of the teaching profession have been debated in most developed and newly-developing countries the world over. According to Bank (2007), an occupation that is predominantly made up of women is said to be ‘feminized’. However, when sociologists and educators refer to feminization they are referring to labour market tendencies where the participation of women in various occupations is increasing. (Drudy et al, 2005). The Working Group of the European Trade Union...
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