...all these things. He is also a refugee. Historically, conscientious objection has had a rather delicate place under refugee protection in Canada. Acclaimed international refugee law authority James Hathaway has said about conscientious objectors that they “… are neither refugees per se nor excluded from protection” (CITE). The difficulties are compounded by the sociopolitical nature of military desertion. However, there has been one point of general agreement in Canadian courts, it is that individuals who desert merely out of fear of combat or dislike of the military are not refugees (ZOLF, ATES); there has been preferential treatment...
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...Introduction According to Schweitzer et al (2007) ‘In the 2002-03 program year, Australia granted a total of 12 525 visas under its Humanitarian Program ( Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs, 2003). In keeping with the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) guidelines, priority was given to the resettlement of people from Africa, with this group comprising 47% of all humanitarian entrants (Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs, 2003). Humanitarian immigrants present higher levels of stress and socialisation problems when compared to other migrant entrants (MacLennan, 1997). A significant portion of humanitarian entrants have ran from circumstances involving great violence and exhibit trauma, economic turmoil, loss of family and social networks, and significant breaks from education or work (Kline &Mone, 2003). Refugees tend to have experienced war and famine (Adams et al, 2004) and these experiences have led them to experience substantially trauma, involving physical and mental torture, sexual abuse, and other distressing conditions (Neuner et al, 2004). According to Farwell (2004), experiencing trauma during war and economic troubles leads to their mental turmoil. Experiencing and witnessing violence is connected to an array of various deliberating psychological effects such as anxiety, depression, substance abuse and post-traumatic stress disorder (Silove, 2001). Psychological distress related to psychosomatic...
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...At times, it is certain that the majority of refugees seeking the ability to enter our nation are not only treated unfairly, but unethically with some of their most basic human rights being abused. With the significant growth of asylum seekers, it is important that the Australian Government does not overlook this issue, but instead reviews its policies in order to correctly align with the fundamental principles of family unity and refugee protection as stated by the United Nations (UN). Therefore, it must be recognized that many refugees are often mere victims of an underlying system beyond their control and only when governments begin to realise this, will the issue begin to subside. The United Nations (UN) was formed in 1945 shortly after...
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...signatory to the UN Human Rights and Refugee Conventions. Furthermore, Australia has a moral obligation based on its membership of the world community. “Australia is one of the 146 signatory countries to the United Nations 1951 Convention and or/ 1967 Protocol relating to the status of refugees”. (Asylum Seeker Resource Centre, 2009) According to Australian Human Rights Commission an asylum seeker is someone who has fled their country and applies to the government of another country for protection as a refugee, (Australian Human Rights Commision, 2012) whereas a person is a refugee the moment he or she fulfils the criteria of the convention. As part of signatory countries to the United Nations 1951 Convention they are “obliged to act according to their efforts to allow everyone to seek and enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution. This right may not be invoked in the case persecutions genuinely arising from non- political crimes or acts of contrary to the purposes and Principles on the United Nations”. (United Nations, 2011) This means that Australia has committed to respect the rights of refugees and to uphold the obligations set out in the treaty. This is in contradiction to the Migration Act 1958, which states, “Australian law requires that asylum seekers who have not been successful in their claims for refugee status and have no lawful basis for remaining in Australia be removed from the country as soon as practicable”. (Human Rights Law Centre, 2011) While there are...
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...CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN SOCIAL WORK By Student's Name Course Code and Name Professor’s Name University Name City, State Date of Submission Q1. The effect of globalization has resulted in complex economic and social networking among people of the world. One of the main elements of globalization is the movement of people from one area to another area for various reasons. In most cases, people move to more industrialized and peaceful countries in search of better opportunities and safe environments. The 21st century has seen the increased migration of citizens of one state to another, a period termed as the age of Diasporas (Helman, 2007). The research will focus on immigrants, mainly asylum seekers and refugees with particular emphasis on the 72 asylum seekers from Lebanon who perished off the coast of Indonesia while heading to Australia. The research will address the plight of asylum seekers as one the most vulnerable populations. Migration to another country may be voluntary or voluntary. The involuntary migrants include asylum seekers, refugees, returnees ad internally displaced persons (IDPs). The primary cause of this category of people changing their location could be political upheavals, wars, natural disasters and poor states of the economy. The voluntary migrants migrate to other countries in search of employment and new ventures for personal growth. However, the involuntary migrants have multiple psychological, physical and social vulnerabilities due to their experience...
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...Throughout the years, there have been articles about asylum seekers resorting to violence due to discontentment with the Australian government regarding the assessment of their refugee status. These are evident cries for help which sparks off debates on the government’s abilities to find a successful solution to the asylum issues. Australia has been criticized due to the requirements of compulsory immigration detention for ‘all unlawful non-citizens, (including asylum seekers)’ (Phillips & Spinks 2013, p.1). The other controversial issue of Australia regarding the asylum seekers is also the claims that it has been avoiding it’s responsibilities under the United Nations refugee conventions by making it hard for asylum seekers to claim refugee protection. Although the Australian government is undertaking various asylum policies in response to the constant increasing influx of refugees and asylum seekers entering the country, many are still constantly suffering and the human rights of these inhumane policies need to be further addressed. This essay will emphasize the inhumane asylum policies by weighing the negative aspects, but also addressing the government’s response in dealing with the asylum issues. Many have questioned the need for the mandatory detention of asylum seekers upon arrival especially when there is no exclusion for women and children. The Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (HREOC) has found that this policy is an infringement of human rights as it...
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...directly from the Bible of the importance of humanity. He even went as far as to sacrifice His own son to save His believers. Christians have the responsibility to take care of and help those seeking refuge. All Men are Created Equal The book Seeking Refuge by Matthew Soerens says, “while certainly the most important refugee in the Biblical narrative, Jesus is not the only biblical figure to have been forcible displaced” (Soerens, 2016). There were many biblical “heroes” in the Bible that were refugees. People like Jacob, Moses, David, and Elijah are all seen as amazing Christians and role models. These people were refugees just like some asylum seekers today. Any Christian would welcome these people in with open arms and treat them kindly. However, some people, Christians included, treat refugees like they are not even people. Some show disrespect and reluctance to helping these men and women in need. However, God tells us to do the opposite. Christ Himself was a refugee. He would go from country to country seeking peace and eventually died due to His teachings. No one deserves to be in sheer presence of God yet some Christians think they have the audacity to judge a refugee based off untrue stereotypes. These Christians are hypocritical and see the speck in other people’s eyes and forget to look at the log in their eye. Genesis 1:27 says, “So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them” (English Standard Version). Christ made...
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...Migration in Afghanistan 1. Introduction Afghanistan is home to the largest refugee crises experienced since the inception of the UNHCR. Decades of war have led millions to flee their homes and seek refuge in the neighboring countries of Pakistan and Iran, and for those who were able, further abroad. The number of refugees spiked in 1990 at 6.2 million. They began to decrease in 1992 with the fall of the government, but began to increase again in 1996 with the rise of the Taliban. In 2002, with the fall of the Taliban and the US-led invasion, record numbers of Afghan refugees returned to Afghanistan. An international reconstruction and development initiative began to aid Afghans in rebuilding their country from decades of war. Reports indicate that change is occurring in Afghanistan, but the progress is slow. The Taliban have regained strength in the second half of this decade and insurgency and instability are rising. Afghanistan continues to be challenged by underdevelopment, lack of infrastructure, few employment opportunities, and widespread poverty. The slow pace of change has led Afghans to continue migrating in order to meet the needs of their families. Today refugee movements no longer characterize the primary source of Afghan migration. Migration in search of livelihoods is the primary reasons for migration and occurs through rural-urban migration in Afghanistan or circular migration patterns as Afghans cross into Pakistan and/or Iran. Afghans utilize their...
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...According to "What does it mean to be a refugee?", refugee children are suffering deprivation in areas of education. Because of the lack of funding for their education, they are receiving unfair treatment from their host countries. In addition, from the article "UN, Half the refugee children around the world can't go to school", more than 3.7 million refugee children of school age can not attend school. Filippo Grandi, the U.N. refugee agency representative, emphasized as "Education allows the refugees to dream of living in their home country someday, as well as where they live now." After reading this, I felt there should be a international conference between host countries all over the world to enact a law which seriously considers refugee(or illegal immigrant) education problem. Then I thought it is necessary to scrutinize explicitly the current state of Korea refugee or immigrant children's right of education, Korea's guarantee of it, and what are we doing to help this problem be solved....
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...Phil essay http://philpapers.org http://plato.stanford.edu/index.html (c) Research Essay (35%). (1) Essays must answer (or address) one of the essay prompts provided by the Unit Coordinator of PHIL1001. A PDF document with essay prompts will be posted on the LMS associated with PHIL1001 in the first few weeks of semester. (2) The essay should not exceed 1,000 words (excluding bibliographical information). If an essay is longer than this, the marker may ignore the excess words, or the essay mark may be lowered. (3) Essays are to conform to the following style: • Word processed (if that is not possible, please write the unit coordinator) • Double spaced • 25 mm margins • Referenced using numbered footnotes or endnotes • All sources (e.g. quotations) must be fully and accurately referenced using proper form for references; consult referencing style sheets in library. • Bibliography containing only items that are referenced in the essay (in the text, or foot/endnotes). • An accurate word-count on the front page. (4) An essay must be submitted by the date and time prescribed except where the student has received in writing an extension of time from the Unit Coordinator. Student's seeking an extension must make their appeal to the student advisor for their faculty. The unit coordinator will then take the student advisor's recommendation under consideration...
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...A Baptist policy on immigration and asylum seekers The world currently faces a global refugee crisis with up to 40 million displaced people (the majority of whom are women and children). Australia currently accepts around 13,750 refugees each year as part of total planned annual immigration of around 182,000 people. This paper identifies social and political problems relating to asylum seekers and refugees. It examines the biblical teaching on a responsible Christian approach to asylum seekers and refugees, and discusses some of the ways in which Australian Baptists have responded to the challenges of immigration and asylum seekers. It concludes with a new policy proposal for the consideration of Australian Baptist Ministries, the various State and Territory Baptist Unions, and local churches. There is also a guide to further information. The situation facing Australia today Immigration policy is one of the two most bitterly contested issues in Australian politics, and has been for more than ten years. People who seek asylum by boat, and various policy instruments designed to deter both asylum seekers and people smugglers, have been at the heart of an increasingly contentious public and political discussion in Australia for more than a decade. The debate has polarised large sections of the Australian community and prevented many politicians from engaging in a constructive policy dialogue. With little to differentiate their product, especially on economic and employment...
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...Abstract: Australia is first centralized nation to inaugurate Department of Immigration which expanded its roots in 1945. Since then, approximately six million migrants including over 645 000 refugees have settled in the country. Refugee is a person who resides outside his native country due to security issues. The objective of providing services to refugees is to support new migrants to take part in Australia’s economic, financial system, civilization and culture. Settlement assistance and arrangements have been administered by the government since the migration program came into formation. The rendering of services have extended and emerged over the previous years as the populace has population has matured progressively diversely within...
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...W O M E N ’ S C O M M I S S I O N for refugee women & children w U N TA P P E D P OT E N T I A L : Adolescents affected by armed conflict A review of programs and policies U N TA P P E D P OT E N T I A L : Adolescents affected by armed conflict A review of programs and policies Wo m e n ’s C o m m i s s i o n f o r R e f u g e e Wo m e n & C h i l d r e n N e w Yo r k W O M E N ’ S C O M M I S S I O N for refugee women & children Copyright © January 2000 by Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-58030-000-6 Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children 122 East 42nd Street New York, NY 10168-1289 tel. 212.551.3111 or 3088 fax. 212.551.3180 e-mail: wcrwc@intrescom.org www.intrescom.org/wcrwc.html w cover photographs © Rachel K. Jones, Marc Sommers, Sarah Samson, Holly Myers, Anne-Sophie Rosette, International Rescue Committee M I S S I O N S TAT E M E N T The Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children seeks to improve the lives of refugee women and children through a vigorous program of public education and advocacy, and by acting as a technical resource. The Commission, founded in 1989 under the auspices of the International Rescue Committee, is the only organization in the United States dedicated solely to speaking out on behalf of women and children uprooted by armed conflict or persecution. Acknowledgments The Women’s Commission expresses its sincere...
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...Australia, and why they shouldn't be placed into detention centres once in Australia. Body Refugees that are trying to seek asylum in Australia need tremendous help as the Government policies that are in our country today are not working to help these helpless people but more to lock them up. The result has been a policy that is inhumane and ineffective and in many cases a violation of the international human rights law. These people do not see this country as an easy life but a country that will provide them with freedom. This is a story from one of the detention centres about a young girl....
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...of a particular situation facing refugees. According to United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 2003 Global appeal the UNHCR’s International Protection function as derived from its statute and the 1951 convention relating to the status of refugees has evolved and expanded from what began as a surrogate for consular and diplomatic protection to include ensuring basic rights of refugees and their physical safety and security. The definition adopted at the 1999 International Confederation Of The Red Cross(ICRC) defines the concept of protection to encompass all activities aimed at obtaining full respect for the rights of the individual in accordance with the letter and spirit of the relevant bodies of law; the human rights law, international law, refugees law. Individual organizations and programmes have adopted their own understanding of protection to outline their activities. The InterAction Protection working group, which is made up of a number of non-governmental organizations has come to agreement that “protection” consists of ensuring the fulfillment of basic human rights and enabling human well-being particularly for vulnerable people, such as women, children and displaced people. Protection thus means and includes all the activities geared towards reducing physical, emotional and social risks; supporting emotional and social well being, providing equal access to basic services, and promoting the rights and dignity of individuals or community. There are so...
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